Invasive interventions guided by computerized tomography in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the internal organs

Diagnostic punctures under CT guidance were made in 544 patients with diseases of the chest (n = 303), abdomen (n = 149), and retroperitoneal space (n = 92). In 87 patients, diagnostic punctures were combined with therapeutical manipulations and included aspiration and drainage of visceral organ cysts and abscesses. The proposed procedure of diagnostic biopsies under CT guidance could ascertain the morphological nature of a lesion in 90.1% of cases prior to treatment. Therapeutical aspirations and drainage of visceral cysts and abscesses under CT guidance resulted in their complete recovery in 97.8 and 85.7% of cases, respectively. Diagnostic and therapeutical interventions under CT guidance caused complications in 6.9% of cases. At diagnostic biopsy, pneumothorax is the most frequent complication *5.3%), and lung tissue hemorrhage along the puncture needle passage is the less frequent (1.3%). The use of therapeutical interventions developed complications in 1.1% of cases.     

Long noncoding RNA: An emerging diagnostic and therapeutic target in kidney diseases

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have critical roles in the development of many diseases including kidney disease. An increasing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs are involved in kidney development and that their dysregulation can result in distinct disease processes, including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. Understanding the roles of lncRNAs in kidney disease may provide new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities in the clinic. This review provides an overview of lncRNA characteristics, and biological function and discusses specific studies that provide insight into the function and potential application of lncRNAs in kidney disease treatment.     

Solid tumors of internal female reproductive organs: comparison of the diagnostic efficiency of ultrasound study and magnetic resonance tomography

Comparison of the diagnostic importance of traditional US and low-field MRI (0,23 T) in the characterization of solid tumors of internal reproductive system at 55 patients is performed by calculation of operational characteristics of tests and use of characteristic curves (ROC-analysis). Advantage MRI in distinguishing between of benign and malignant tumors (accuracy of 82% against 71% at ultrasonic) is established. Advantage is based on use, besides morphological criteria of a tumor, the characteristic of its MR-signal in T2-weight imaging. Advantage MRI in determination of the organ of origin of pelvic mass appeared insignificant.     

The diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of inflammatory urogenital diseases in women associated with Ureaplasma urealyticum]

Complex examination of 40 female in- and outpatients at the age 20 to 42 years with inflammatory urogenital diseases was performed. To verify the diagnosis, current clinical, microbiological, endoscopic and ultrasonic procedure were used. It was shown that the inflammatory processes in the urogenital tracts were mainly due to association of opportunistic and/or pathogenic organisms. Optimization of antibacterial therapy of urogenital infections was found possible with using homeopathic agents in the complex therapy. The significance of cooperation of the allied specialists in the choice of the examination and therapy policy for female patients with inflammatory urogenital diseases is indicated.     

Changes in the weight of internal organs in the fetal ontogenesis

The purpose of this work was the investigation of the development of the weight of brain, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands and thymus, and the developmental relations occurring between them in human fetuses and newborns. The material covering 1908 individuals of both sexes (632 fetuses and 1276 newborns) was collected in the Department of Pathological Anatomy in Poznań. During clinical autopsies the weight of organs was determined exactly to 0.1 g and the body weight exactly to 5 g. The age of the individuals was determined on the basis of the mean conception time (14-15 day after the beginning of the last menses) and it ranged from 17 to 43 weeks of gestation. The material was divided into 7 developmental periods. The first 6 periods cover the moon months successively from the 5th to the 10th and the last period covers the three final weeks (41-43). The problems were analysed on the basis of a comprehensive statistical analysis and the obtained results of the significant statistical dependences between the organs were confronted with the biological changes of the investigated features taking place in the period of fetal ontogenesis.     

Implantable diagnostic and therapeutic devices in children

Many advances have been made in the use of implantable diagnostic and therapeutic devices in adults. In children the indications for and diagnostic and therapeutic value of these devices still have to be determined.Our aim is to provide an overview of the clinical use of diagnostic and therapeutic devices in children. The role of implantable loop recorders (ILR), the feasibility and safety of transvenous pacing in neonates, the value of permanent pacing in children with recurrent syncope or reflex anoxic seizures and the role of implantable cardioverter defibrillator devices are highlighted with relevant case histories.     

New diagnostic and therapeutic tools in stereotaxy

A definitive pathoanatomic diagnosis was achieved in 14 biopsies of deep cerebral tumors in which the Laitinen CT adapter was utilized. In 5 patients, a third-ventricular colloid cyst was aspirated or resected by stereotactic endoscopy, with excellent results after a mean follow-up time of 2.5 years. Several instruments, including a diagnostic ultrasound probe, an ultrasonic aspirator, a combination laser and an endoscope can be used stereotactically when mounted on a special instrument carrier. Integration of the Laitinen stereotactic device and the CT adapter was developed to allow noninvasive stereotactic radiotherapy in a conventional fractionation schedule by a standard linear accelerator. Technical experiences using this radiosurgical system in over 30 sessions for treating inoperable cerebral arteriovenous malformations are promising, but the follow-up time is too short for evaluating the clinical effect.