流式细胞术在细胞凋亡研究中的应用

本文综述了目前使用流式细胞术研究细胞凋亡的几种方法。即Hoechst-PI染色法、选择性光解法、乙醇抽提法、吖啶橙(AO)染色法、末端标记法、缺口平移法。简要介绍了这几种方法的原理和优缺点。     

流式细胞术在植物细胞学研究中的应用

随着细胞生物学研究从传统的定性描述发展到定量、群体的研究而形成了一门新兴的交叉学科——分析细胞学。它从定量的角度对细胞的各种形态参数与生物学特性、生化成分组成以及细胞功能等进行研究。流式细胞（FCM）分析是其主要研究手段之一。FCM是将样品细胞悬浮于液体中,在流动过程中一个一个地通过测量区进行高速测量。其特点是：快速,每秒可分析数千个细胞;统计精度高,在短时间内可获得大量的细胞信息;进行多参数相关测量;分辨率高,可检出细胞间差异的5％。目前,流式细胞术已经比较广泛地应用于动物细胞周期分析、膜脂流动性…     

流式细胞术在细胞凋亡检测中的应用

凋亡是细胞受一些生理或病理信号刺激时所发生的一种程序性死亡过程.近年来,有关肿瘤细胞凋亡的研究已成为一个新的研究热点．围绕凋亡细胞出现的典型的形态变化及生化改变,建立了一些检测分析凋亡细胞的方法．文章着重概述了流式细胞术（FCM）在细胞凋亡研究中的应用,尤其是NT法、TdT法及SBIP法等新方法的价值.     

流式细胞术

流式细胞术是一种综合应用光学、机械学、流体力学、电子计算机、细胞生物学、分子免疫学等学科技术,对高速流动的细胞或亚细胞进行快速定量测定和分析的方法。它一秒钟能分析几千个细胞,并同时测定细胞的多个参数,广泛应用于生物医学的许多领域,如测定细胞的特征(形态、膜电位等)和细胞内pH,细胞DNA、蛋白质含量、表面受体、Ca2+等。对生物工程学来说,了解细胞的这些参数尤为重要,因为它们能比用传统技术测得的数据更好地描述细胞群体。从流式细胞仪对细胞多种参数的测定及原理,到它在生物工程学中的应用等方面进行了介绍,并讨论了流式细胞术的局限性和面临的挑战。     

流式细胞术在乳酸菌自溶检测中的应用

【目的】使用流式细胞术(Flow Cytometric)建立一种新的检测方法,可快速筛选自溶度不同的乳酸菌菌株。【方法】菌悬液经20mmol/L的PI-PBS染液在4℃条件下避光染色30min,上流式细胞仪进行测定,检测器激发光波长488nm,检测波长630nm,每个样品收集1×105个细胞,联机使用CellQuest软件分析结果。【结果】阳性染色细胞数与细胞总数之比很好地反映菌液中自溶细胞与非自溶细胞的比例关系,整个检测过程耗时仅为1h左右。【结论】与传统检测方法比较,FCM测定结果稳定可靠,检测时间短,为乳酸菌的自溶特性研究及筛选自溶度不同的菌株用作商业发酵剂提供了便利条件。     

流式细胞术在富营养淡水湖泊微型浮游植物细胞中的应用

应用流式细胞术(FCM)对一个富营养化淡水湖泊表、底层微型浮游植物细胞进行了初步研究。研究结果表明：流式细胞术可快速、多参数区分3种不同类群微型浮游植物。微型浮游植物细胞在表、底层占50μm以下微型颗粒物数量比例分别为21．08％、17．87％,在不同水层,微型浮游植物的优势类群及数量也不同。流式细胞术大大提高了淡水微型浮游生物研究监测水平。     

流式细胞术在哺乳动物精液质量检测中的应用

精液检测的首要目标就是快速准确地确定精子的生育力。同时具备多种特性和功能完整的精子才能受精,因而只有同时客观地检测多个指标,才能更好地反映精子的生育力。精子检测的传统方法费时费力,检测精子数量少,指标单一,而且易受操作者的主观影响,不能准确地反映精子功能。流式细胞术(FCM)为精子功能研究提供了一种快速、客观、多指标、大通量的检测手段;利用FCM检测精子的质膜完整性、顶体状态、染色质结构、线粒体功能以及细胞凋亡等,可以得知精子功能的相关情况。随着新的荧光探针、染色方法的不断开发和改进,FCM为精液质量检测提供了一种新的检测平台,应用前景极其广阔。     

适体及其在流式细胞术检测中的应用

适体是一种本质为RNA或DNA的小分子,它们能以配基形式像抗体一样与靶蛋白呈高亲合力特异性结合,可在一定程度上取代抗体用于检测和治疗。就适体筛选的指数富集配基系统进化技术原理、适体的优越性及其适体在流式细胞术检测中的应用进行了综述。     

应用流式细胞仪定量评估人—鼠杂交瘤株细胞抗体生...

The paper described a method of quantitative stability analysis of antibody production by hybridoma clones with flow cytometry (FACS). Through FACS analysis the frequency of antibody-negative variants was measured. The rate of generation of antibody-negative variants/cell/generation (mu) could be calculated through Luria-Delbrück fluctuation analysis. The results showed that the value of mu was correlated to the antibody production of hybridoma clones: the larger was the mu value, the more unstable was the antibody production by the hybridoma clones. The experimental results suggested that the clone was stable if its mu value was on the magnitude of 10(-3), while the clone was not stable if its mu value was on the magnitude of 10(-2). According to requirements of single cell for FACS analysis and presence of a variety of methods for dispersing cell aggregates to single cells, the authors regard that this method is fully suitable for analysis of cells in suspension or even in the form of aggregate.     

流式细胞术在水体微型生物研究中的应用

综述了流式细胞术（flow cytometry)在水体微型生物研究中的应用。包括微型生物的识别、记数和生物量研究,微型生物的细胞周期分析以及生态与生理学研究。讨论了FCM在淡水微型生物和环境生物学中的应用。FCM技术与食品的改进将促进水体微型生物的研究,从而有助于对水生生态系统的深入认识。     

Flow Cytometry of Mitotic Cells

We have developed a procedure using flow cytometric measurement of a mitosis-specific antigen that may be used to count mitotic cells and sort them from nonmitotic cells. The procedure may also be used in conjunction with measurement of cellular DNA content and of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation into cellular DNA to assign cells to the G1/G0, S, G2, or M phase of the cell cycle.     

Flow Cytometry studies of marine phytoplankton populations

Abstract

Flow cytometry has been applied to the study of phytoplankton populations and cell components. In this work, cells cycle studies on three marine diatoms cultures were carried out by a flow cytometer. Phaeodactylum tricomutum, Chaetoceros simplex and Thalassiosira allenii, showed different DNA patterns in G1, G2, S, phases. This situation may be related to the specific algal physiology. Cultures of P. tricomutum were maintained in 4 media with different silicates concentrations. The lack of silicates did not seem produced a significative cells arresting in the cell cycle phases. During the experiment, the cell fraction in S phase, decreased in all media tested. These preliminary results could be further developed to apply flow cytometry to environmental problems in order to identify general algal groups and study algal physiology in different growth conditions.     

应用流式细胞术检测毕赤酵母的细胞活性

选取两种细胞活性染色试剂二乙酸荧光素(fluoresceindiacetate,FDA)和碘化丙锭(propidiumiodide,PI),应用流式细胞术(flowcytometry,FCM)检测毕赤酵母细胞活性。比较FDA/PI双染色与PI单染色的FCM图谱,后者能够很好地将死活细胞区分开来并得到正确的比例。利用PI单染色检测发酵过程细胞活性的变化,甘油补料阶段几乎没有细胞死亡,进入甲醇补料阶段后,随着细胞密度的增加,细胞的活性不断降低,发酵88h时细胞活性仅为73.8%。     

利用流式细胞仪分选拟南芥根尖发育早期非根毛细胞

建立了应用流式细胞仪分选植物特定类型细胞的方法。以拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）Wer：：GFP转基因株系为材料,用激光共聚焦显微镜鉴定GFP的表达位置,采用酶解法制备拟南芥根尖原生质体,应用流式细胞仪荧光激活细胞分选技术（FACS）分选收集GFP阳性细胞,并提取细胞的RNA。结果表明,Wer：：GFP转基因株系仅在根表皮发育早期的非根毛细胞中表达GFP;利用酶解法制备的根尖原生质体数目较多;从FACS分选收集的细胞中提取的RNA质量较好,可用于研究特定类型细胞的基因表达谱。应用流式细胞仪分选拟南芥非根毛细胞的方法为研究植物特定类型细胞的基因表达谱及基因功能奠定了技术基础。     

流式细胞仪分析癌细胞对肥大细胞募集的影响

目的：研究食管癌细胞迁移到小鼠腹腔时肿瘤细胞周边微环境的变化。方法：将食管癌细胞株EC109和/或诱导试剂植入小鼠腹腔,利用组织化学的方法、荧光标记的肥大细胞蛋白酶和流式细胞术,我们在小鼠模型观察肠组织的形态和腹腔的MC亚型的变化。结果：胰酶导致小鼠肠道平滑肌层和黏膜下层的组织增厚,细胞间隙的增加可能有益于MC在组织移动或迁移进入腹腔;它引起小鼠腹腔液的总MC增加,MCC亚型的相对比例增加,MCT亚型减少。EC109细胞不能明显地改变小鼠肠道组织的形态,但它显著地引起腹腔MCT亚型的相对比例增加。结论：根据肥大细胞内颗粒的类胰蛋白酶和类糜蛋白酶的差异表达,可证实小鼠的MC亚型;并且不同的诱导物可能影响腹部微环境的变化。目前的研究表明,食道癌细胞可以诱导MCT（含有类胰蛋白酶）亚型迁移到小鼠腹腔,造成肿瘤细胞周围的内部环境的变化。     

Simultaneous Measurement of DAPI-Sulforhodamine 101 Stained Nuclear DNA and Protein in Higher Plants by Flow Cytometry

A 2-step staining procedure is presented for simultaneous measurement of nuclear DNA and protein content in higher plants by flow cytometry. To release nuclei, plant tissues were chopped and stirred in the presence of the DNA specific fluorochrome 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. Plant protoplasts were stirred in the DAPI dye solution with the detergent. After a short incubation period a second dye solution containing DAPI and the protein fluorochrome sulforhodamine 101 (SR 101) without detergent was added. Following another incubation, and after filtration through nylon gauze, the highly fluorescent nuclei were analyzed with an impulse cytophotometer. Accurate bivariate DNA-protein histograms were obtained with CV-values of about 2% or less for the 2C-peak of the univariate DNA parameter. The method presented here can be used for basic and applied cytogenetic studies of higher plants, for characterization of subcompartments of the cell cycle phases, or for examination of heterogeneity in plant tissues.     

双参数人类染色体流式分析及分选

用ＦＡＣＳＶａｎｔａｇｅ型流式细胞分选仪对人二倍体成纤维细胞的单分散染色体悬液进行双参数、双激光染色体核型分析及分选。人类染色体可分出２１个集团,除９至１２号染色体外,其余均能被单独分离。经染色体特异性探针池ＦＩＳＨ鉴定,染色体分选纯度可达９０．５％。     

Detection of DNA in Ancient Skeletal Remains Using DNA Flow Cytometry

Cortical bone samples were removed from individual burials from Tomb Dk31 in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt. The tissue was disaggregated, stained with the DNA specific fluorescent dye DAPI and analyzed using the flow cytom-eter. DNA flow cytometry measures the cellular DNA content and this is correlated with modal chromosome content. When DNA is present in skeletal remains further investigations such as extracting, amplifying and sequencing may then be carried out. The method offers a relatively rapid and inexpensive means of pinpointing samples of skeletal DNA that can be further analyzed.