不忘初心 砥砺前行——写在《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》创刊35周年之际

创刊于1985年的《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》（最初刊名为《生物化学杂志》）是中国生物化学与分子生物学会继1980年创办第一份刊物《生命的化学》之后的又一份学术刊物。 我于2000年始任该刊的常务编委，2004年始任副主编至今，曾先后与张迺蘅教授、贾弘褆教授和周春燕教授三位主编共事，算来已与刊物一起走过了20年！ 这20年间，我也通过在国内、国际学术组织任职的过程对一个学术组织出版一份学术刊物的重要性和艰巨性有了更加真切的体会。比如，我自2017年担任亚洲及大洋洲生物化学家与分子生物学家联盟（FAOBMB）主席，该学术组织发展至今一直未能创办一份自己的学术刊物，这令人遗憾，同时也可见创办一份学术刊物是多么的艰难。2018年担任国际生物化学与分子生物学联合会（IUBMB）执委兼任出版委员会和命名委员会主席，IUBMB拥有几份自己的学术刊物，但是让学术刊物可持续发展并在相关领域占有一席之地需付出巨大努力。另外，我自2008年到2018年担任《中国科学：生命科学》（该刊同时出版英文和中文两个内容各自独立的版本）常务副主编这10年间，我也深刻体会到，在大家都重视发表英文论文的当今，出版高水平中文学术刊物的确是步履艰难但却任重道远。 值此《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》创刊35周年之际，作为一名伴随着《学报》成长的科技工作者，同时作为中国生物化学与分子生学会前副理事长，前党委书记和现任监事长，我在表示热烈祝贺的同时，也想谈谈自己的一些体会和感想。 ......     

美国生物化学与分子生物学会（ASBMB）代表团访问北京

以现任主席Judith Bond教授为团长的美国生物化学与分子生物学会（ASBMB）代表团于2005年6月4—6日访问北京。Bond教授目前还担任该学会主办的生物化学与分子生物学领域最权威刊物《生物化学杂志》（Joumal of Biological Chemistry）的副主编（Associate Editor）,她同时还是美国宾夕法尼亚大学生物化学和分子生物学系主任。     

《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》征稿简则

1《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》简介《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》(Chin J Biochem Mol Biol,ISSN 1007-7626,CN 11-3870/Q)1985年创刊,是中国科学技术协会主管,中国生物化学与分子生物学会和北京大学共同主办的国家生物学类/基础医学类核心期刊(月刊).本刊被美国《化学文摘》(CA)、美国《生物     

《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》第6届编委会在北京召开

2010年11月26日《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》第6届编委会成立大会在北京大学医学部召开参加会议的来宾有中国生物化学与分子生物学会理事长王志新院士、学会副理事长孙志贤教授、北大医学部     

中国生物化学与分子生物学会临床应用生物化学与分子生物学分会成立大会暨第一届学术大会（第二轮通知）

根据2005年5月15日召开的中国生物化学与分子生物学会临床应用生物化学与分子生物学分会成立大会预备会议精神,定于2005年9月10—12日召开中国生物化学与分子生物学会临床应用生物化学与分子生物学分会成立大会暨第一届学术大会。根据第一轮通知要求,为了将本次会议办好,现将与会议相关事项再次通知如下：     

第21届国际生物化学与分子生物学联盟学术大会暨第12届亚洲大洋洲生物化学家与分子生物学家学术大会

第21届国际生物化学与分子生物学联盟（International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,IUBMB）学术大会暨第12届亚洲大洋洲生物化学家与分子生物学家（The Federation of Asian and Oceanian Biochemists and Molecular Biologists,FAOBMB）学术大会（简称2009年国际生化大会）将于2009年8月2—7日在上海召开。中国生物化学与分子生物学会和中国细胞生物学学会将共同主办这次盛会。     

中国生物化学与分子生物学会代表团赴日本京都参加第20届国际生化大会和第11届亚洲大洋州生化大会

为大力宣传2009年在上海联合举办的“第21届国际生物化学与分子生物学联盟学术大会和第12届亚洲大洋洲生物化学家与分子生物学家联合会学术大会”（以下简称2009年国际生化大会）,以及向国际生物化学与分子生物学联盟（IUBMB）和亚洲大洋洲生物化学家与分子生物学家联合会（FAOBMB）执委会汇报商讨2009年国际生化大会的筹备情况,     

“‘天能杯’我与《生命的化学》”征文启事

《生命的化学》原名《生物化学通讯》,于1980年2月由中国生物化学会与上海生物化学会在上海共同创办。1981年定为现名《生命的化学》。迄今,《生命的化学》已走过30余年不平凡的历程。回顾30余年来,作为中国生物化学与分子生物学学会的会刊,《生命的化学》及时地报道和反映了生物化     

“‘天能杯’我与《生命的化学》”征文启事

《生命的化学》原名《生物化学通讯》,于1980年2月由中国生物化学会与上海生物化学会在上海共同创办。1981年定为现名《生命的化学》。迄今,《生命的化学》已走过30余年不平凡的历程。回顾30余年来,作为中国生物化学与分子生物学学会的会刊,《生命的化学》及时地报道和反映了生物化     

“天能杯”“我与《生命的化学》”征文启事

《生命的化学》原名《生物化学通讯》,于1980年2月由中国生物化学会与上海生物化学会在上海共同创办。1981年定为现名《生命的化学》。迄今,《生命的化学》已走过30余年不平凡的历程。回顾30余年来,作为中国生物化学与分子生物学学会的会刊,《生命的化学》及时地报道和反映了生物化学与分子生物学的研究动态,并介绍有关的研究新技术及学术活动信息(会讯等),已成为生化领域广大科研工     

Anthropology and genetics of the caucasus peoples and the problem of the origin of the caucasoids

The electrophoretical polymorphisms of some blood proteins were studied in the Talysh population of Pirasora situated in South-East Azerbaidjan. We calculated the gene frequencies of these polymorphisms and determined the genetic distances between the Talyshes and some Iranian populations of North, Central and South Iran, Afghans, and three populations of Azerbaijan. The Talyshes are very close to Iranians of Shiraz, whereas they are distant from the Azerbaijanians. Anthropological investigations showed that the Caucasoids and Mongoloids lived in the Aragvi Basin since the Eneolithic period. This was stated by Alexeev (1974), who emphasized the mixture of the Caucasus populations from ancient times on. We calculated the genetic distances between the Caucasus populations and numerous populations of other geographic regions, considering 28 alleles of 12 loci of blood group, serum protein and red cell enzyme polymorphisms and constructed the dendrogram of these populations. The position of the Caucasus populations in the dendrogram corresponds on principle to the earlier anthropological observations. The clustering of the Caucasoid populations corresponds completely with anthropological and historical data, and supports our earlier hypothesis (Nazarova 1999) concerning the differentiation of Caucasoids, Northern Mongoloids and Amerinds from the populations, which inhabitated Asia in palaeolithic times.     

On the structure and dynamics of the complex of the nucleosome and the linker histone

Several different models of the linker histone (LH)–nucleosome complex have been proposed, but none of them has unambiguously revealed the position and binding sites of the LH on the nucleosome. Using Brownian dynamics-based docking together with normal mode analysis of the nucleosome to account for the flexibility of two flanking 10 bp long linker DNAs (L-DNA), we identified binding modes of the H5-LH globular domain (GH5) to the nucleosome. For a wide range of nucleosomal conformations with the L-DNA ends less than 65 Å apart, one dominant binding mode was identified for GH5 and found to be consistent with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. GH5 binds asymmetrically with respect to the nucleosomal dyad axis, fitting between the nucleosomal DNA and one of the L-DNAs. For greater distances between L-DNA ends, docking of GH5 to the L-DNA that is more restrained and less open becomes favored. These results suggest a selection mechanism by which GH5 preferentially binds one of the L-DNAs and thereby affects DNA dynamics and accessibility and contributes to formation of a particular chromatin fiber structure. The two binding modes identified would, respectively, favor a tight zigzag chromatin structure or a loose solenoid chromatin fiber.     

Kinematics and dynamics of the temporomandibular joint and of the movements of the mandible

In order to analyze the complicated movements of the mandible as the open-closing movement and the protrusio are, it is useful to evaluate the basic kinematic principles and reduce them to simple technical constructions. Both the open-closing movement and the protrusio could be reduced to 4-bar links, which were used to simulate the movements with help of a computer. Besides, the polodes and the curves of points in the muscular attachments could be constructed. The 2 entirely different 4-bar links have 3 things in common: The resting system - cranium, the moving system - mandibula, and 1 of the 2 arms connecting these 2 systems - the ligamentum laterale. As this ligament is taut during movements it can be considered a "guiding ligament" representing 1 of the 3 determining components of the mandibular movements. The other of the 2 arms has no anatomical equivalent; this arm, however, is "replaced" by the 2 other determining components of the mandibular movements: the joint and the muscles. The curves, which the Caput mandibulae describes, are practically identical for the open-closing movement and the protrusio despite of the different 4-bar links and these curves exactly correspond to the Discus articularis, taut by the upper part of the M. pterygoideus lateralis. The muscles do not only just move the mandibula, but they are also the component, which can choose between the different mandibular movements. By means of the curves, which points in the muscular attachments describe, the function of the masticatory muscles could be analyzed exactly.     

Biophysics and Structure of the Patch and the Gigaseal

Interpreting channel behavior in patches requires an understanding of patch structure and dynamics, especially in studies of mechanosensitive channels. High resolution optical studies show that patch formation occurs via blebbing that disrupts normal membrane structure and redistributes in situ components including ion channels. There is a 1-2 μm region of the seal below the patch where proteins are excluded and this may consist of extracted lipids that form the gigaseal. Patch domes often have complex geometries with inhomogeneous stresses due to the membrane-glass adhesion energy (E_a), cytoskeletal forces, and possible lipid subdomains. The resting tension in the patch dome ranges from 1-4 mN/m, a significant fraction of the lytic tension of a bilayer (∼10 mN/m). Thus, all patch experiments are conducted under substantial, and uneven, resting tension that may alter the kinetics of many channels. E_a seems dominated by van der Waals attraction overlaid with a normally repulsive Coulombic force. High ionic strength pipette saline increased E_a and, surprisingly, increased cytoskeletal rigidity in cell-attached patches. Low pH pipette saline also increased E_a and reduced the seal selectivity for cations, presumably by neutralizing the membrane surface charge. The seal is a negatively charged, cation selective, space with a resistance of ∼7 gigohm/μm in 100 mM KCl, and the high resistivity of the space may result from the presence of high viscosity glycoproteins. Patches creep up the pipette over time with voltage independent and voltage dependent components. Voltage-independent creep is expected from the capillary attraction of E_a and the flow of fresh lipids from the cell. Voltage-dependent creep seems to arise from electroosmosis in the seal. Neutralization of negative charges on the seal membrane with low pH decreased the creep rate and reversed the direction of creep at positive pipette potentials.     

Serology and systematics of the Ebenales and the Theales

The systematic position ofthe Ebenaceae, Sapotaceae, Styracaceae, Ochnaceae, Stachyuraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae has been investigated using serological comparisons of sets of antigenic determinants. The results show that the Sytracaceae and Sapotaceae are undoubtedly more closely associated with the Actinidiaeceae and Theaceae, respectively, than with each other. We found no corresponding determinants betnween antigen systems from the Ebenaceae and systems from any other family whose relations to this family have been proposed. As discovered previously, investigations of antigen systems from the Ochnaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Stachyuraceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae are against the idea of a natural order “Theales” in which these families, or at least some of them, are combined with the Theaceae and Actinidiaceae. This paper completes our previous investigations which largely support a superorder Ericanae sensu Ehrendorfer and Takhtajan. We propose to include the Actinidiaceae and Theaceae in this superorder, assigning them a central position laong with the Sapotaceae and Sytracaeae on one side and the Primulales and Ericales on the other. Another most interesting finding is that there are corresponding determinants between antigen systems from the members of the Ericanae and representatives of the Polemoniaceae and Loasaceae.     

人类基因组及后基因组研究进展及其应用与开发研究现状

人类对自身基因组的研究,随着人类基因组工作草图的绘制完成和对基因功能研究的深入已加快进入了实质性、关键性的开发利用阶段。本文概述了人类基因组及后基因组的研究进展及依此开展基因治疗及基因（组）药物研制等应用开发研究的现状。     

Comparison of the Effects of Flexion and Extension of the Thumb and Fingers on the Position and Cross-Sectional Area of the Median Nerve

Objective

To assess the separate effects of thumb and finger extension/flexion on median nerve position and cross-sectional area.

Methods

Ultrasonography was used to assess median nerve transverse position and cross-sectional area within the carpal tunnel at rest and its movement during volitional flexion of the individual digits of the hand. Both wrists of 165 normal subjects (11 men, 4 women, mean age, 28.6, range, 22 to 38) were studied.

Results

Thumb flexion resulted in transverse movement of the median nerve in radial direction (1.2±0.6 mm), whereas flexion of the fingers produced transverse movement in ulnar direction, which was most pronounced during flexion of the index and middle fingers (3.2±0.9 and 3.1±1.0 mm, respectively). Lesser but still statistically significant movements were noted with flexion of the ring finger (2.0±0.8 mm) and little finger (1.2±0.5 mm). Flexion of the thumb or individual fingers did not change median nerve cross-sectional area (8.5±1.1 mm²).

Conclusions

Volitional flexion of the thumb and individual fingers, particularly the index and middle fingers, produced significant transverse movement of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel but did not alter the cross-sectional area of the nerve. The importance of these findings on the understanding of the pathogenesis of the carpal tunnel syndrome and its treatment remains to be investigated.     

On the Microanatomy of the Brain and the Innervation and Homologues of the Cephalic Appendages of Hesionidae and Syllidae (Polychaeta)

Abstract Earlier papers dealing with the anatomy of the hesionids and syllids were studied. Thereby it was found that information about the structure of the central nervous system was meagre. As a result, the anterior end appendages, especially the large, laterloventral ones of the Syllidae, have been differently interpreted. This prompted a re-investigation. The circum-oesophageal connectives, the brain commissures and the innervation of the alimentary canal and the cephalic appendages of a number of hesionid and syllid species were studied. The results, summarized in schematic diagrams, were compared with corresponding observations in other polychaete families. Among other things, it was concluded that not only the latero-ventral cephalic appendages of the hesionids but also those of the syllids are homologous with the palps of the nereids and of many other “errant” and “sedentary” families.