竹叶吉祥草（鸭跖草科）的核型研究

本文对鸭跖草科的竹叶吉祥草（Ｓｐａｔｈｏｌｉｒｉｏｎｌｏｎｇｉｆｏｌｉｕｍ（Ｇａｇｎｅｐ．）Ｄｕｎｎ）进行了染色体研究．其染色体大型,数目为２ｎ＝２０;核型公式为２ｎ＝４ｓｍ＋１４ｓｔ＋２ｔ（ｓａｔ）．为首次报道。这支持了竹叶吉祥草属和竹叶子属是两个亲缘关系较近,但同时又是两个分明不同的属的观点。     

宝铎草和长穗开口箭的核型

本文对湖南产的宝锋草（ＤｉｓｐｏｒｕｍｓｅｓｓｉｌｅＤ．Ｄｏｎ）和广西产的长穗开口箭（ＴｕｐｉｓｔｒａｌｏｎｇｉｓｐｉｃｇＹ．ＷａｎｅｔＸ．Ｈ．Ｌｕ）的核型作了分析。前者的核型公式为２ｎ＝１４＝４ｇ＋１０ｓｍ（２ｓａｔ）,核型类型属于３Ａ;后者的核型公式为２ｎ＝３８＝２４ｍ＋６ｓｉｎ＋８ｓｔ．核型具有明显的二型性,属于２Ｃ型。此外还讨论了宝锋草的核型变异以及开口箭属和蜘蛛抱蛋属（Ａｓｐｉｄｉｓｔｒａ）的关系。     

环境因子对香根草生长习性的影响

环境因子对香根草生长习性的影响夏汉平,敖惠修,何道泉（中国科学院华南植物研究所,广州５１０６５０）ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＦａｃｔｏｒｓｏｎＶｅｔｉｖｅｒＧｒａｓｓＧｒｏｗｔｈ．￥ＸｉａＨａｎｐｉｎｇ;ＡｏＨｕｉｘｉｕ;ＨｅＤａｏｑ...     

华蟹甲草属和蟹甲草属4种植物的核型

４种植物的染色体间期均为复杂型,前期染色体为中间型。华蟹甲草两居群的染色体数目及核型为２ｎ＝６０＝４４ｍ＋１６ｓｍ（４ＳＡＴ）和２ｎ＝６０＝４２ｍ＋１８ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）。蟹甲草属３种：阔柄蟹甲草为２ｎ＝６０＝５０ｍ＋１０ｓｍ;蛛毛蟹甲草为２ｎ＝６０＝５０ｍ＋１０ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）;三角叶蟹甲草两居群分别为２ｎ＝６０＝４４ｍ＋１６ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）和２ｎ＝６０＝４４ｍ＋１６ｓｍ。核型均为２Ａ型,尽管华蟹     

赖草属5个种的核型与进化

报道了国产赖草属５个种的核型,即大赖草,２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２４ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）;粗穗赖草２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）;若羌赖草,２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２０ｍ（４ＳＡＴ）＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）;羊草,２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２２ｍ（４ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ（４ＳＡＴ）;窄颖赖草,２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｔ（２Ｓ     

单条草的皂甙成分

从单条草（ＬｙｓｉｍａｃｈｉａｃａｎｄｉｄａＬｉｎｄｌ）全草中分离出３个皂甙类化合物,经波谱分析并结合化学方法鉴定为：报春花素Ａ３ＯβＤ吡喃木糖基（１→２）βＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→４）［βＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→２）］αＬ吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（１）、原报春花素Ａ３ＯβＤ吡喃木糖基（１→２）βＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→４）［βＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→２）］αＬ吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（ｌｙｓｉｋｏｉａｎｏｓｉｄｅ,２）和α菠甾醇葡萄糖甙（３）。其中１是新化合物,命名为单条草甙（ｃａｎｄｉｄｏｓｉｄｅ）。     

普通小麦与冰草间杂种的细胞遗传学及其自交可育性

为了进一步研究冰草属（Ａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎ Ｇａｅｒｔｎ．）的Ｐ染色体组与小麦染色体组间的遗传关系和评价Ｐ染色体组在属间杂种自交可育性上的遗传效应,获得了普通小麦品种Ｆｕｋｕｈｏ（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ ｃｖ．Ｆｕｋｕｈｏ,２ｎ＝４２;ＡＡＢＢＤＤ）与３个不同来源的四倍体冰草（Ａ．ｃｒｉｓｔａｔｕｍ＜Ｌ．＞Ｇａｅｒｔｎ．,２ｎ＝２８;ＰＰＰＰ）间的杂种（２ｎ＝３５;ＡＢＤＰＰ）。结果表明     

香港草地,芒萁和灌木群落的养分利用效率

香港草地、芒萁和灌木群落的养分利用效率管东生（中山大学环境科学系广州５１０２７５）ＮｕｔｒｉｅｎｔＵｔｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎＥｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙｏｆＧｒａｓｓｌａｎｄ,ＦｅｒｎｌａｎｄａｎｄＳｈｒｕｂｌａｎｄｉｎＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇ．￥ＧｕａｎＤｏｎｇｓｈｅ...     

广西马钱科度量草属植物四新种

本文描述中国广西马钱科度量草属４新种,即：凤山度量草（ＭｉｔｒｅｏｌａｐｉｎｇｔａｏｉＤ．ＦａｎｇｅｔＤ．Ｈ．Ｑｉｎ）、长叶度量草（Ｍ．ｍａｃｒｏｐｈｙｌｌａＤ．ＦａｎｇｅｔＤ．Ｈ．Ｑｉｎ）、匙叶度量草（Ｍ．ｓｐａｔｈｕｌｉｆｏｌｉａＤ．ＦａｎｇｅｔＬ．Ｓ．Ｚｈｏｕ）和紫脉度量草（Ｍ．ｐｕｒｐｕｒｅｏｎｅｒｖｉａＤ．ＦａｎｇｅｔＸ．Ｈ．Ｌｕ）。     

多荚草中的新三萜皂甙

从石竹科植物多荚草（Ｐｏｌｙｃａｒｐｏｎ ｐｒｏｓｔｒａｔｕｍ（Ｆｏｒｓｓｋ．）Ａｓｃｈｅｒｓ．ｅｔ Ｓｃｈｗｅｉｎ．ｅｘ Ａｓｃｈｅｒｓ）中分离得到３个新的柴胡皂甙类化合物：ｐｒｏｓｔｒａｔｏｓｉｄｅ Ａ￣Ｃ（１￣３）。它们的结构通过波谱方法分别鉴定为：３－Ｏ－｛β－Ｄ－ｘｙｌｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙｌ－（１→２）－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙｌ－（１→４）－「β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｙ     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.