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1.
Wang N She Y Zhu Y Zhao H Shao B Sun H Hu C Li Y 《Biological trace element research》2012,145(3):382-387
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aluminum (Al) exposure on the reproductive function in female rats.
Forty female Wistar (5 weeks old) rats, weighing 110–120 g, were divided randomly into four groups. They were orally administrated
with 0, 64.18, 128.36, and 256.72 mg aluminum chloride (AlCl3) per kilogram body weight in drinking water for 120 days. Levels of Al, estrogen (E2), progestogen (P), testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum were measured
at the end of experiment. The results showed that levels of E2, P, FSH, and LH were significantly lower and Al concentration was significantly higher in all three Al-treated groups than
those in the control group (GC). The level of T was significantly higher in the low- and medium-dose groups (GL and GM) (P < 0.05) but not in high-dose group (GH) compared with GC. The results suggest that the reproductive function of female rats
is inhibited under long-term Al exposure in an Al dose-dependent manner. 相似文献
2.
Yubing Deng Hengmin Cui Xi Peng Jing Fang Zhicai Zuo Junliang Deng Qin Luo 《Biological trace element research》2013,155(2):247-252
Fluoride can exert toxic effects on soft tissues, giving rise to a broad array of symptoms and pathological changes. The aim of this study was to investigate on erythrocytes and erythrocyte immune adherence function in broiler chickens fed with high fluorine (F) diets by measuring the total erythrocyte count (TEC), the contents of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volumn (PCV), erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF), erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (E-C3bRR), and erythrocyte immune complex rosette rate (E-ICRR). A total of 280 1-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted into four equal groups of 70 birds each and fed with a corn–soybean basal diet containing 22.6 mg F/kg (control group) or same basal diets supplemented with 400, 800, and 1,200 mg F/kg (high F groups I, II, and III) in the form of sodium fluoride for 42 days. Blood samples were collected for the abovementioned parameters analysis at 14, 28, and 42 days of age during the experiment. The experimental results indicated that TEC, Hb, and PCV were significantly lower (p?<?0.05 or p?<?0.01), and EOF was higher (p?<?0.05 or p?<?0.01) in the high F groups II and III than that in the control group from 14 to 42 days of age. The E-C3bRR was significantly decreased (p?<?0.01) in the three high F groups, whereas the E-ICRR was markedly increased (p?<?0.01) in the high F groups II and III from 14 to 42 days of age. It was concluded that dietary F in the range of 800 to 1, 200 mg/kg could significantly cause anemia and impair the integrity of erythrocyte membrane, the transport capacity of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and erythrocyte immune adherence function in broiler chickens. 相似文献
3.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of aluminum (Al) exposure on bone mineral elements, trace elements,
and bone mineral density (BMD) in rats. One hundred Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups. Experimental rats were
given drinking water containing aluminum chloride (AlCl3, 430 mg Al3+/L), whereas control rats were given distilled water for up to 150 days. Ten rats were sacrificed in each group every 30 days.
The levels of Al, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium
(Se), boron (B), and strontium (Sr) in bone and the BMD of femur were measured. Al-treated rats showed lower deposition of
Ca, P, and Mg compared with control rats. Levels of trace elements (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Se, B, and Sr) were significantly lower
in the Al-treated group than in the control group from day 60, and the BMD of the femur metaphysis in the Al-treated group
was significantly lower than in the control group on days 120 and 150. These findings indicate that long-term Al exposure
reduces the levels of mineral and trace elements in bone. As a result, bone loss was induced (particularly in cancellous bone). 相似文献
4.
Effects of Nickel Chloride on the Erythrocytes and Erythrocyte Immune Adherence Function in Broilers
Jian Li Bangyuan Wu Hengmin Cui Xi Peng Jing Fang Zhicai Zuo Junliang Deng Xun Wang Kun Tang Shuang Yin 《Biological trace element research》2014,161(2):173-179
This study was conducted to investigate the immune adherence function of erythrocytes and erythrocyte induced by dietary nickel chloride (NiCl2) in broilers fed on a control diet and three experimental diets supplemented with 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg NiCl2 for 42 days. Blood samples were collected from five broilers in each group at 14, 28, and 42 days of age. Changes of erythrocyte parameters showed that total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) contents, and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly lower (p?0.05 or p?0.01) and erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) was higher (p?0.05 or p?0.01) in the 600 and 900 mg/kg groups at 28 and 42 days of age than those in the control group, and the sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) and calcium adenosine triphosphatase (Ca2+-ATPase) activities were significantly decreased (p?0.05 or p?0.01) in the NiCl2-treated groups. The results of erythrocyte immune adherence function indicated that erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (E-C3bRR) was significantly decreased (p?0.05 or p?0.01) in the 600 and 900 mg/kg groups and in the 300 mg/kg group at 42 days of age, whereas the erythrocyte immune complex rosette rate (E-ICRR) was markedly increased (p?0.05 or p?0.01) in the 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg groups at 28 and 42 days of age. It was concluded that dietary NiCl2 in excess of 300 mg/kg caused anemia and impaired the erythrocytic integrity, erythrocytic ability to transport oxygen, and erythrocyte immune adherence function in broilers. Impairment of the erythrocytes and erythrocyte immune adherence function was one of main effect mechanisms of NiCl2 on the blood function. 相似文献
5.
Kaizer RR Corrêa MC Gris LR da Rosa CS Bohrer D Morsch VM Schetinger MR 《Neurochemical research》2008,33(11):2294-2301
Aluminum (Al), a neurotoxic agent, has been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is characterized by cholinergic
dysfunction in the central nervous system. In this study, we evaluated the effect of long-term exposure to aluminum on acetylcholinesterase
(AChE) activity in the central nervous system in different brain regions, in synaptosomes of the cerebral cortex and in erythrocytes.
The animals were loaded by gavage with AlCl3 50 mg/kg/day, 5 days per week, totalizing 60 administrations. Rats were divided into four groups: (1) control (C); (2) 50 mg/kg
of citrate solution (Ci); (3) 50 mg/kg of Al plus citrate (Al + Ci), and (4) 50 mg/kg of Al (Al). AChE activity in striatum
was increased by 15% for Ci, 19% for Al + Ci and 30% for Al, when compared to control (P < 0.05). The activity in hypothalamus increased 23% for Ci, 26% for Al + Ci and 28% for Al, when compared to control (P < 0.05). AChE activity in cerebellum, hippocampus and cerebral cortex was decreased by 11%, 23% and 21% respectively, for
Al, when compared to the respective controls (P < 0.05). AChE activity in synaptosomes was increased by 14% for Al, when compared to control (P < 0.05). Erythrocyte AChE activity was increased by 17% for Al + Ci and 11% for Al, when compared to control (P < 0.05). These results indicate that Al affects at the same way AChE activity in the central nervous system and erythrocyte.
AChE activity in erythrocytes may be considered a marker of easy access of the central cholinergic status. 相似文献
6.
Erwin J. J. Sieben Craig D. Morris Donovan C. Kotze A. Muthama Muasya 《Plant Ecology》2010,207(1):107-119
A survey of 93 wetlands in six catchments across the Maloti-Drakensberg is used to assess the distribution of plant functional
types across altitudinal and wetness gradients. Altitudes range from 1,000 to 3,200 m a.s.l. Within each catchment, the wetlands
were selected to cover the complete range in altitude and wetland types. In each of the selected wetlands, vegetation was
sampled in 3 by 3 m quadrats covering the entire range of wetness represented in the wetland, from temporarily wet to permanently
inundated soils. Plant species were allocated to one of 11 different functional types (examples are C3 grasses, C4 sedges, rosette plants, and shrubs), and the proportion of the vegetation in each sample occupied by each functional type
was calculated from the species’ abundances. Canonical Correspondence Analysis shows that “wetness” clearly has the highest
impact on the distribution of functional types, followed by altitude. The most important plant functional types in wetlands
are grasses and sedges, however, at higher altitudes, forbs (especially rosette plants) and bulbous plants become a more prominent
feature in the wetlands. The total amount of graminoids gradually decreases with altitude. The general trend is that sedges
tend to increase with increasing wetness and C3 plants (grasses and sedges) increase with increasing altitude, but these effects are not independent. The distributions of
C4 sedges and C4 grasses along an altitudinal gradient are quite different, and C4 grasses grow abundantly at much higher altitudes than C4 sedges. C4 sedges are very scarce at the altitudes represented in the Maloti-Drakensberg area, whereas C3 grasses occur in the permanently wet parts of the wetlands, especially at higher altitudes (normally mostly occupied by sedges).
Shrubs are rare in wetlands and tend to be an indication of disturbance. This study complements previous studies on the distribution
of grasses and sedges at the lower altitudes within KwaZulu-Natal, which found that at altitudes below 1,000 m a.s.l. C4 sedges were much more prominent, while forbs and rosette plants were largely absent. This confirms that C4 as an adaptation to hotter and warmer climates is sometimes a less favorable metabolism in wet high altitude areas. At high
altitudes, rosette plants and bulbous plants become more competitive in wetlands, probably because grasses and sedges present
at these altitudes generally grow smaller than they do in low altitude wetlands. 相似文献
7.
《Inorganica chimica acta》2006,359(5):1650-1658
A series of nickel(II) and palladium(II) complexes containing one or two pentafluorophenyl ligands and the phosphino-amides o-Ph2PC6H4CONHR [R = iPr (a), Ph (b)] displaying different coordination modes have been synthesised. The chelating ability of these ligands and the influence of both coligands and the metal centre in their potential hemilabile behaviour have been explored. The crystal structure of (b) has been determined and reveals N–H⋯O intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Bis-pentafluorophenyl derivatives [M(C6F5)2(o-Ph2PC6H4CO-NHR)] [M = Ni; R = iPr (1a); R = Ph (1b); M = Pd; R = iPr (2a); R = Ph (2b)] in which (a) and (b) act as rigid P, O-chelating ligands were readily prepared from the labile precursors cis-[M(C6F5)2(PhCN)2]. X-ray structures of (1a), (1b) and (2a) have been established, allowing an interesting comparative structural discussion. Dinuclear [{Pd(C6F5)(tht)(μ-Cl)}2] reacted with (a) and (b) yielding the monopentafluorophenyl complexes [Pd(C6F5)Cl{PPh2(C6H4–CONH–R)}] (R = iPr (3a), Ph (3b)) that showed a P, O-chelating behaviour of the ligands, confirmed by the crystal structure determination of (3a). New cationic palladium(II) complexes in which (a) and (b) behave as P-monodentate ligands have been synthesised by reacting them with [{Pd(C6F5)(tht)(μ-Cl)}2], stoichiometric Ag(O3SCF3) and external chelating reagents such as cod [Pd(C6F5)(cod){PPh2(C6H4-CONH-R)}](O3SCF3)(R = iPr (4a), Ph (4b)) and 2,2′-bipy [Pd(C6F5)(bipy){PPh2(C6H4-CONH-R)}](O3SCF3) (R = iPr (5a), Ph (5b)). When chloride abstraction in [{Pd(C6F5)(tht)(μ-Cl)}2] is promoted by means of a dithioanionic salt as dimethyl dithiophospate in the presence of (a) or (b), the corresponding neutral complexes [Pd(C6F5){S(S)P(OMe)2}{PPh2(C6H4-CONH-R)}] (R = iPr (6a), Ph (6b)) were obtained. 相似文献
8.
Spleen cells depleted of their rosette forming cells (RFC) toward sheep or pigeon erythrocytes are specifically deficient in restoring the capacity of lethally irradiated syngeneic recipients to produce antibodies against the erythrocyte type used for rosette formation. Unresponsiveness to pigeon erythrocytes can still be induced after depletion of the rosettes formed at very low erythrocyte/lymphocyte ratios. One concludes that the majority of antigen-binding cells observed in unimmunized animals are irrelevant to the initiation of in vivo immune responses. 相似文献
9.
Lichao Zhang Xinwei Li Qingyun Gu Yanzhu Zhu Hansong Zhao Yanfei Li Zhigang Zhang 《Biological trace element research》2011,141(1-3):246-253
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of subchronic aluminum (Al) exposure on iron (Fe) homeostasis in rats. One hundred Wistar rats were divided into two groups. Experimental rats were given drinking water containing aluminum chloride (AlCl3, 430 mg Al3+·L?1), while control rats were given distilled water for up to 150 days. Ten rats were sacrificed in each group every 30 days. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and serum levels of Al, Fe, transferrin (TF), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) were measured. Al-treated rats showed significantly decreased bodyweight and increased Al and Al/Fe levels during the experimental period. Fe levels and MCH were higher on day 150 in the experimental group than in the control group. TF content and TIBC were higher, whereas erythrocyte counts and sTfR content were lower in the experimental group than in the control group from days 90 and 60, respectively. Longer duration of Al administration increased the serum levels of Al, TF, Al/Fe, and TIBC and decreased sTfR. MCH and Fe levels decreased first, and then increased. The results indicate that chronic exposure to Al disturbed Fe homeostasis. 相似文献
10.
Germination sensitivities to water potential among co‐existing C3 and C4 grasses of cool semi‐arid prairie grasslands
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An untested theory states that C4 grass seeds could germinate under lower water potentials (Ψ) than C3 grass seeds. We used hydrotime modelling to study seed water relations of C4 and C3 Canadian prairie grasses to address Ψ divergent sensitivities and germination strategies along a risk‐spreading continuum of responses to limited water. C4 grasses were Bouteloua gracilis, Calamovilfa longifolia and Schizachyrium scoparium; C3 grasses were Bromus carinatus, Elymus trachycaulus, Festuca hallii and Koeleria macrantha. Hydrotime parameters were obtained after incubation of non‐dormant seeds under different Ψ PEG 6000 solutions. A t‐test between C3 and C4 grasses did not find statistical differences in population mean base Ψ (Ψb(50)). We found idiosyncratic responses of C4 grasses along the risk‐spreading continuum. B. gracilis showed a risk‐taker strategy of a species able to quickly germinate in a dry soil due to its low Ψb(50) and hydrotime (θH). The high Ψb(50) of S. scoparium indicates it follows the risk‐averse strategy so it can only germinate in wet soils. C. longifolia showed an intermediate strategy: the lowest Ψb(50) yet the highest θH. K. macrantha, a C3 grass which thrives in dry habitats, had the highest Ψb(50), suggesting a risk‐averse strategy for a C3 species. Other C3 species showed intermediate germination patterns in response to Ψ relative to C4 species. Our results indicate that grasses display germination sensitivities to Ψ across the risk‐spreading continuum of responses. Thus seed water relations may be poor predictors to explain differential recruitment and distribution of C3 and C4 grasses in the Canadian prairies. 相似文献
11.
Tianlong Han Min Wang Chunfang Cao Huacheng Chen Guanghe Zhang Liping Wang Jundong Wang 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2017,31(8)
This study investigated the damage and expression of dentine phosphoprotein (DPP) in guinea pig teeth by the administration of fluoride (F) or/and aluminum (Al). Fifty‐two guinea pigs were divided randomly into four groups (control, F, Al, and F+Al). F (150 mg NaF/L) or/and Al (300 mg AlCl3/L) were added in their drinking water for 90 days. The levels of F ion, dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene, and DPP protein in incisor and molar were determined, respectively. The results showed that the concentrations of F ion in F and F+Al groups were increased significantly. F induced the mottled enamel and irregular abrasion of teeth, which might occur as a consequence of depressed DSPP mRNA and DPP protein expression. Both the gene and protein expressions showed obvious decrease induced by Al, especially by F. There were no synergistic effects between F and Al, instead, Al inhibited the toxicity of F. 相似文献
12.
To investigate the effects of aluminum (Al) exposure on peritoneal macrophages of Wistar rats, four groups of ten rats each were orally exposed to 0, 13, 26, and 52?mg?kg(-1) Al(3+) in form of aluminum trichloride (AlCl(3)) in drinking water for 120?days. At the end of the experimental period, the Al concentration in serum, the adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis capacity of peritoneal macrophages were determined. The results showed that the Al concentration in serum significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner; the adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis capacity of peritoneal macrophages decreased with the increase of Al dose, and present a dose-effective relationship. Further, they were significantly lower in the high-dose groups (P?0.01) compared with the control group. It indicates that Al was toxic to peritoneal macrophages of rats, and the adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis capacity of peritoneal macrophages in rats were significantly suppressed by exposure to 52?mg?kg(-1)?day Al(3+). 相似文献
13.
Effects of aluminum exposure on the allergic responses and humoral immune function in rats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yanzhu Zhu Jinfeng Xu Hao Sun Chongwei Hu Hansong Zhao Bing Shao Alphajoh A. Bah Yanfei Li 《Biometals》2011,24(5):973-977
This study was conducted to assess effects of aluminum (Al) exposure on allergic responsive reactions and humoral immune function in rats. Forty male Wistar rats (5 weeks old) weighed 110?C120 g were randomly allocated into four groups and were orally exposed to 0, 64.18, 128.36, and 256.72 mg/kg body weight aluminum trichloride in drinking water for 120 days. The levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, IgM, IgE, Complement factor (C)3, and C4 in serum were determined by ELISA and nephelometric assays at the end of experiment. The results showed that the levels of IgM, C3, and C4 were lowered, and the levels of IgG, IgA, and IgE were increased in an Al-dose dependent manner. The increased in IgE level and the decreased in C3 and C4 levels indicate that Al induces allergic responses in rats; while the increased levels in IgG and IgA and the decreased level in IgM suggest that Al disorders the humoral immune function in rats. 相似文献
14.
Effect of astaxanthin and aluminum chloride on erythrocyte G6PD and 6PGD enzyme activities in vivo and on erythrocyte G6PD in vitro in rats
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Yusuf Temel Aydın Şükrü Bengü Hurrem Turan Akkoyun Mahire Akkoyun Mehmet Ciftci 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2017,31(10)
In this study, we investigated the effect of astaxanthin (Ast) and aluminum (Al) on the erythrocyte glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) enzymes activities in vivo and on G6PD enzyme in vitro in rats. For in vitro studies, G6PD enzyme was purified from rat erythrocyte by using 2′,5′‐ADP‐Sepharose 4B affinity gel. The effects of Ast and Al3+ ion were investigated on the purified enzyme. It was determined that Ast increased the enzyme activity, whereas Al3+ inhibited the enzyme activity noncompetitively (IC50 values; 0.679 mM, Ki values 1.32 mM). For in vivo studies, the rats were divided into the groups: control (Cont.), Al, Ast, and Al + Ast. The last three groups were compared with the control group. In Al group, a significant degree of inhibition was observed in the activity of G6PD and 6PGD enzymes when compared with the control group (P < 0.05), whereas there was an increase in the activities of G6PD and 6PGD enzymes in Ast and Al + Ast groups (P < 0.05). 相似文献
15.
To analyse the influence of thyroid status on the effect of aluminium (Al) upon intestinal calcium (Ca) absorption, adult male Wistar rats with experimentally altered thyroid hormones circulating levels, were orally treated (o.g.) with 0 (control), or 50 mg elemental Al (as chloride)/kg body weight (b.w.) per day, for a 14 d period. Hyper- and hypo-thyroid conditions were respectively achieved by means of administration of either sodium levothyroxine (50 μg/kg b.w. per day, o.g.) or methimazole, a thyroxine synthesis inhibitor (1 mg/kg b.w. per day, o.g.). In duodenum–jejunum segments, in vitro mucosa-to-serosa 45Ca flux (JCams) and kinetics of 45Ca uptake in isolated enterocytes, were determined. In serum, concentrations of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were measured by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Unlike non-Al-treated rats, JCams of Al-exposed rats decreased as serum levels of T4 and T3 increased, showing a significant inverse correlation in both cases (T4: r2 = 0.414, P = 0.024; T3: r2 = 0.443, P = 0.018). Enterocytes isolated from rats treated with Al plus thyroxine showed a reduction of both maximum Ca uptake (4.86 ± 0.44 vs. 6.85 ± 1.04 nmol Ca/mg protein, P < 0.05) and Km (0.84 ± 0.18 vs. 1.05 ± 0.36 mM, P < 0.05) when compared to control. The observed variability in the Al effect on Ca transport with thyroid status of rats could be reflecting a negative interaction of Al with thyroid hormone action mechanisms on intestinal Ca absorption, which would take place mainly at Ca entry into enterocyte from lumen. 相似文献
16.
Abdeladim Guermoune Al Mokhtar Lamsabhi Driss Cherqaoui Abdellah Jarid Hafid Anane Gabriel Merino 《Journal of molecular modeling》2010,16(3):551-557
The stability of the tri–μ–hydrido–bis[(η5–C5Me5)aluminum], Cp*2Al2H3, 1 is studied at B3LYP/6–311+G(d,p), CCSD(T)//B3LYP/6–311+G(d,p) and MP4//B3LYP/6–311+G(d,p) levels. The coordination between
Al2H3 entity and both C5(CH3)5 groups is ensured by strong electrostatic and orbital interactions. The orbital analysis of the interacting fragments shows
that Al2H3 acceptor, which keeps its tribridged structure, implies the vacant
( \texta1¢ ) \left( {{\text{a}}_1^\prime } \right) and five antibonding (a2¢¢ a_2^{\prime \prime } , e′ and e″) molecular orbitals to interact with two orbitals mixtures, b1 and e" of the donors (C5Me5). When we take into account the solvent effect, the computation shows that 1 seems to be stable in condensed phase with a tribridged bond between the Al atoms [Cp*Al(μ-H)3AlCp*], whereas in the gas phase, the monobridged Cp*AlH(μ-H)AlHCp* 4 is slightly favored (4 kcal mol−1). We propose that 1 could be prepared thanks to Cp*Al (2) and Cp*AlH2 (3) reaction in acidic medium. The experimental treatment of this type of metallocenes would contribute to the development of
the organometallic chemistry of 13th group elements.
相似文献
17.
Background
Little information is available on the amelioration of boron (B) on aluminum (Al)-induced photosynthesis inhibition. Sour pummelo (Citrus grandis) seedlings were irrigated for 18 weeks with nutrient solution containing 4 B levels (2.5, 10, 25 and 50 μM H3BO3) × 2 Al levels (0 and 1.2 mM AlCl3·6H2O). The objectives of this study were to determine how B alleviates Al-induced growth inhibition and to test the hypothesis that Al-induced photosynthesis inhibition can be alleviated by B via preventing Al from getting into shoots. 相似文献18.
《Inorganica chimica acta》2006,359(4):1135-1146
We are reporting the stability constants of the different complexes between phosphonoacetic acid (PAA), phosphonoformic acid (PFA), aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), aminoethylphosphonic acid (AEPA) and methylenediphosphonic acid (MDP) with the aluminum metal ion in aqueous solutions. (In this study the term aluminum is reserved for the 3+ ion.) The affinity of the phosphonic acid derivatives to chelate aluminum has been tested by potentiometric titrations with I = 0.10 M KNO3 at 25 ± 0.1 °C. The proposed aluminum–ligand complex structures have been confirmed by 31P NMR, 13C NMR, and 27Al NMR experiments. Both PAA and PFA formed simple one to one complexes. The respective values for PAA are log β111 = 13.57, log β110 = 10.58, and log β11−1 = 5.84. The respective values for PFA are log β112 = 15.24, log β111 = 13.11, and log β110 = 6.88. In contrast to PAA and PFA, the major species formed with AMPA and AEPA consist of a series of dimeric complexes. The 31P NMR spectra of these complexes indicate that the amine groups do not co-ordinate to aluminum and remain protonated. In addition to these dimeric complexes, a monoprotonated monomer of Al–AMPA also has been detected. The 27Al NMR experiments indicated that the aluminum is hexacoordinated in all the complexes in this study and the hydroxide ion did not remove aluminium from its complexes. Among the ligands studied, PAA and PFA were able to solubilize aluminum at physiological pH. A comparison between the acidities and the chelating properties of the ligands used is presented. 相似文献
19.
The present study was aimed to explore the potential of an antidepressant drug lithium (Li) in reducing aluminium (Al) induced
neurotoxicity. To carry out the investigations, Al was administered orally (100 mg AlCl3/Kg b wt/day) whereas, Li was administered through diet (1.1 g Li2CO3/Kg diet, daily) for a total duration of 2 months. Al treatment resulted in a significant increase in the activity of enzyme
nitric oxide synthase and the levels of l-citrulline which, however, were decreased appreciably following lithium supplementation. Al treatment also revealed an increase
in DNA fragmentation as evidenced by an increase in number of comets. Interestingly, Li supplementation to Al treated rats
reduced the damage inflicted on DNA by Al. Ultrastructural studies revealed an increase in chromatin condensation with discontinuity
in nuclear membrane in both the cerebrum and cerebellum of Al treated rats which showed improvement following Li supplementation.
Alterations in the structure of synapse and mitochondrial swelling were also seen. The present study shows the potential of
Li in containing the damage inflicted by Al on rat brain. 相似文献
20.
Soudani N Ben Amara I Troudi A Hakim A Bouaziz H Ayadi Makni F Zeghal KM Zeghal N 《Journal of physiology and biochemistry》2011,67(4):577-588
Excess chromium (Cr) exposure is associated with various pathological conditions including hematological dysfunction. The
generation of oxidative stress is one of the plausible mechanisms behind Cr-induced cellular deteriorations. The efficacy
of selenium (Se) to combat Cr-induced oxidative damage in the erythrocytes of adult rats was investigated in the current study.
Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of six each: group I served as controls which received standard
diet, group II received in drinking water K2Cr2O7 alone (700 ppm), group III received both K2Cr2O7 and Se (0.5 Na2SeO3 mg/kg of diet), and group IV received Se (0.5 mg/kg of diet) for 3 weeks. Rats exposed to K2Cr2O7 showed an increase of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels and a decrease of sulfhydryl content, glutathione, non-protein
thiol, and vitamin C levels. A decrease of enzyme activities like catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase
activities was also noted. Co-administration of Se with K2Cr2O7 restored the parameters cited above to near-normal values. Therefore, our investigation revealed that Se was a useful element
preventing K2Cr2O7-induced erythrocyte damages. 相似文献