Species of Nectria (Ascomycetes,Hypocreales) having orange perithecia and colorless,striate ascospores

Nine species ofNectria are described or redescribed. Ascospores of all are colorless and striates; their perithecia are orange and do not become red in KOH. Three groups of species are represented. One group includesNectria grammicospora, N. cf.grammicospora, N. subquaternata, and the new species:N. grammicosporopsis, N. lucifer, andN. neogrammicospora. A second group includes the new speciesN. chlorogloea andN. septomyrotheciae. The third group is represented by the single new speciesN. dacryocarpa. The life-cycles of these species are described. Anamorphs ofN. grammicospora, N. grammicosporopsis, N. lucifer, andN. subquaternata are species ofClonostachys. The anamorph, ofN. neogrammicospora isAcremonium- orCephalosporiopsis-like in having monophialidic conidiophores and phragmosporous conidia, and that ofN. cf.grammicospora isAcremonium-like with amerosporous conidia. The anamorphs ofN. chlorogloea andN. septomyrotheciae have green conidia. The anamorph ofN. chlorogloea isMyrothecium sp.; its conidia are unicellular and the conidioma is a synemma. The anamorph ofN. septomyrotheciae isSeptomyrothecium cf.uniseptatum; its conidioma is a sporodochium and the conidia are bicellular. The new genus and speciesDacryoma alba are described for the anamorph ofN. dacryocarpa. All of these fungi are pantropical or Australasian in distribution.     

New nomenclatural combinations in the North American perennial Triticeae (Gramineae)

Recent generic realignments of the perennial grasses of the tribe Triticeae necessitate some new name combinations for North American species. Three new species combinations and three new subspecies combinations are made to accommodate six long-anthered and usually cross-pollinating species ofAgropyron sensu A. S. Hitchcock in the genusElytrigia sensu N. N. Tzvelev. Three new species combinations are made to accommodate three long-anthered and usually cross-pollinating species ofElymus sensu A. S. Hitchcock in the genusLeymus sensu N. N. Tzvelev. A complete listing is given of the North American species and subspecies ofElytrigia andLeymus as I perceive them.     

Notes on Oenocarpus (Palmae) in the Colombian Amazon

Five species ofOenocarpus from the Río Caquetá, in the Colombian Amazon, are discussed. Two of themOenocarpus simplex andOenocarpus makeru are described as new.Oenocarpus bacaba var.parvus is shown to be a synonym ofO. balickii; this species andO. minor are recorded for the first time in Colombia. Some comments on the poorly knownO. circumtextus are also given. The new findings support the inclusion ofJessenia inOenocarpus.     

Two new species ofTrichogramma [Hym.: Trichogrammatidae] from the U.S.A.

Two new species ofTrichogramma from the U.S.A. are described.T. parkeri sp. n., a morphologically distinct species, was reared from an egg ofHeliothis zea (Boddie), whileT. platneri sp. n. which is morphologically indistinguishable fromT. minutum Riley, was reared from eggs ofCydia pomonella (L.). Reproductive incompatibility ofT. platneri andT. minutum is discussed.     

A new species of Pinguicula from Mexico (Lentibulariaceae)

A new species ofPinguicula from Mexico,P. sharpii, is described. It belongs in SubgenusIsoloba, SectionIsoloba, as defined in Casper’s monograph of the genusPinguicula (1966a). The somatic chromosome number ofPinguicula sharpii is2n = 16, which is diploid. The basic chromosome numberx = 8 is found in many members of SubgenusIsoloba ofPinguicula, while that ofx = 11 is also found in some members of the subgenus.     

Studies in the Cyperaceae of Thailand I. New and otherwise noteworthy species of Fimbristylis

Six Thai species ofFimbristylis, including two new ones, are taxonomically discussed, and some range extensions into Burma are reported. Described as new areFimbristylis kernii from the neighborhood ofF. hookeriana, andF. smitinandii, a clearcut species of the sectionAbildgaardia.     

Two new species of Costus (Costaceae) from Costa Rica

As a result of a review of the Costaceae for theManual de las Plantas de Costa Rica, two new species ofCostus (C. ricus andC. osae) are here described and illustrated. The assignment of the new species ofCostus subgen.Costus is discussed.     

New names inPhanerogamae 6

94 new nomenclatural combinations are proposed, resulting mostly from the study of taxonomic problems on the generic level. The reasons for the acceptance of the generic rank are given in the case ofAcetosa, Pulegium and of some sections ofOrobanche s. l. andSilene s. l. The taxonomic rank ofGentiana blepharophora Bordzi?. from the Caucasus has been revised and the taxon is classified as a subspecies ofGentianopsis ciliata. Nomenclatural problems of not numbered “species” inHoffmann's “Flora Deutschlands” from 1800 are demonstrated on the example ofArmeria elongata.     

New and interesting species ofEmericella from Brazilian soil

Among the ascomycete isolates from soil and armadillo dung collected in São Paulo State, Brazil, a new species ofEmericella, E. montenegroi and a new variety ofE. rugulosa, E. rugulosa var.Iazulina are described and illustrated.Emericella montenegroi differs from the other known species of the genus in having ascospores with an incompletely reticulate or ribbed ornamentation on the convex walls.Emericella rugulosa var.Iazulina differs from the type variety in having blue to violet color of ascospores. Isolations ofE. corrugata andE. foveolata are also reported as a South American record. A synoptic key to all accepted species of the genus is provided.     

Revision of the bulbous Iridaceae of North America

The native bulbous Iridaceae of North America excluding Mexico comprise seven species in four genera. The type species ofAlophia Herb. (1836) is shown to belong toEustylis Engelm. & Gray (1836), hence the latter genus is reduced to synonymy. The well known genusAlophia (sensu auct. non Herb.) (Herbertia Sweet) now takes the nameTrifurcia. As a result of the new interpretation ofAlophia, new combinations are made for the North American and Latin American species ofTrifurcia andAlophia. New chromosome counts are given forNemastylis floridana (2n = 56) andTrifurcia lahue (2n = 56).     

A review of Lecointea (Fabaceae: Swartzieae) in South America

Lecointea (Fabaceae: Swartzieae) is briefly reviewed in order to place in context a new species (L. marcano-bertii Barneby) from western Venezuela and a new Ecuadorian variety ofL. peruviana J. F. Macbr. (var.lasiogyne Barneby). The new taxa are discussed, the new species is illustrated, and a dispersal map and a key to the South American members ofLecointea are provided.     

Plectodiscus discoideus (Rauff): A redescription of a chondrophorine from the early devonian hunsrück Slate,West Germany

Additional specimens of a “by-the-wind sailor” (velellid hydrozoan) from the Hunsrück Slate indicate thatPalaeonectris Rauff is a subjective synonym ofPlectodiscus Ruedemann.Silurovelella Fisher is also judged to be a synonym ofPlectodiscus. The nature of the matrix and the degree of decay and flexing of the pneumatophore disc affect preservation of these fossils. The internal chitinoid gas-filled float structure ofPlectodiscus discoideus is often preserved as a concentrically laminated, oval disc. After death of the organism, it was separated from the soft tissues and before burial in the sediment, it may have been transported by the wind and surface currents. Some new details are added to the anatomy of P.discoideus (Rauff), and a new reconstruction is presented.     

Sensitivity of differentAgrobacterium strains to agrocin 84

Sensitivity of fourteenA. tumefaciens andA. rhizogenes strains to agrocin 84 was followed. A new agrocin 84 sensitivity of mannopine strains ofA. rhizogenes 8196 and TR101 was described. Agropine strains ofA. rhizogenes andA. tumefaciens were sensitive to agrocin 84, too. Agrocin 84 sensitivity of succinamopine and mannopine strains ofA. tumefaciena was also confirmed.     

Smilax saülensis (Smilacaceae), a new species from French Guiana

Botanical exploration of the vicinity of Saül, French Guiana, with the goal of producing a manual of the vascular plant flora, has yielded a new species ofSmilax. A diagnostic characteristic that differentiates this new species from all other species ofSmilax known from the Guianas and the Amazonian region is the admedial ramified branching pattern of the tertiary leaf veins.     

Description of a new species of Anuretes (Copepoda: Caligidae) from Kerala

A new species ofAnuretes collected from the gills ofDiagramma crassispinum Day at Cape Comorin, India, is described in detail. The carapace of the three females obtained was folded ventrally likeHermilius on the gill filaments.     

Revision ofMesorhyphus Handlirsch,Eoplecia Handlirsch andHeterorhyphus Bode (Diptera: Anisopodomorpha,Bibionomorpha) from the upper liassic of Germany

The holotypes of the Lower Jurassic DipteraMesorhyphus nanus Handlirsch 1920,M. areolatus Handlirsch 1939,M. anomalus Handlirsch 1939,Eoplecia primitiva Handlirsch 1920,Heterorhyphus latus Bode 1953,H. analivarius Bode 1953 andProtorhyphus (?)ovisimilis Bode 1953 were re-examined. The holotype ofEoplecia primitiva is the counterpart ofMesorhyphus areolatus. M. areolatus is a junior synonym ofM. nanus. Mesorrhyphoides Rohdendorf 1962 is a synonym ofHeterorhyphus Bode 1953.Heterorhyphus analivarius is a synonym ofProtorhyphus (?)ovisimilis, being mistakenly described from the counterpart of the holotype of the latter. The genusHeterorhyphus is valid and comprises onlyH. anomalus (Handlirsch 1939) n. comb.;H. latus is a synonym of the latter species. As the wing venation ofHeterorhyphus is conspicuously different from all fossil and Recent Anisopodomorpha, it is placed into a new family, Heterorhyphidae, within the Bibionomorpha.