p21WAF1在丁酸钠诱导的人成纤维细胞凋亡中的表现

用丁酸钠 (NaBu)诱导了人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞凋亡 (2BS) ,检测其诱导过程中凋亡相关基因的表达变化 ,结果表明 ,p2 1WAF1的表达在凋亡发生前即有明显下降 ,并持续至凋亡发生时 ,bcl 2的表达仅在凋亡发生时有所下降 ,c myc和c fos的表达有所上升 ,而 p5 3和HER 2的表达无明显变化 .用稳定转染了不同长度p2 1WAF1启动子片段和下游绿色荧光蛋白 (GFP)报告基因的 2BS WP系列细胞进一步研究发现 ,其GFP的表达水平在NaBu诱导过程中下降 ,主要调控区域为 p2 1WAF1启动子的TATAbox上游 0～ - 80 0bp .说明NaBu诱导的人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞凋亡与p2 1WAF1启动子的转录活性下降与密切相关 ,并且可能不依赖于p5 3.     

外源p21~(WAF1)转染对人成纤维细胞凋亡的影响

构建了有义和反义ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１ 逆转录病毒表达载体, 分别经脂质体包裹后转染人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞（２ＢＳ）。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 印迹杂交证实转染细胞中外源ｐ２１ ＷＡＦ１ｃＤＮＡ 已整合入基因组中。与空载体转染细胞相比, 有义转染细胞的ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１ ｍ ＲＮＡ 表达上升; 细胞增殖速度明显减慢; 对丁酸钠诱导凋亡的敏感性降低, 表现在细胞存活率升高, 核ＤＮＡ 梯状断裂片段出现的时间滞后, 断裂片段浓度下降, 流式细胞计检测的凋亡峰面积缩小。而反义转染细胞的ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１ ｍ ＲＮＡ表达下降; 细胞增殖速度较快; 对丁酸钠诱导凋亡的敏感性上升, 有关表现与有义转染细胞相反。说明２ＢＳ细胞内ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１ 的表达量与其被丁酸钠诱导凋亡的能力呈负相关。     

外源p21^WAF1转染对人成纤维细胞调亡的影响

构建了有义和反义ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦ１逆转录病毒表达载体,分别经脂质体包裹后转染人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞（２ＢＳ）。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交证实转染细胞中源ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦ１ｃＤＮＡ已整合入基因组中,与空载体转染细胞相比,有义转染细胞的ｐ２１＾ＷＡＦ１ｍＲＮＡ表达上升;细胞增殖速度明显减慢;对丁酸钠诱导调亡的敏感性降低,表现在细胞存在活率升高,核ＤＮＡ梯状断裂片段出现的时间滞后,断裂片段浓度下降,流式细胞计     

DADS 上调K562 细胞p21WAF1 表达对细胞生长阻抑和凋亡 的实验研究

目的:探讨二烯丙基二硫(DADS)对体外培养的人白血病细胞系K562细胞生长阻抑和凋亡作用及机制。方法:采用MTT分析法检测细胞活性、流式细胞术分析细胞周期及凋亡率、免疫组化检测p21WAF1基因表达。结果:1).DADS在10mg/L～80 mg/L范围内,对K562细胞的抑制作用呈剂量-时间依赖效应;2).不同浓度DADS作用于K562细胞24h后,细胞周期发生了变化:DADS可以将K562细胞阻滞于G2/M期;3).DADS浓度在10mg/L～80mg/L时作用K562细胞24h后,凋亡率逐渐升高,有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);4).用浓度分别为0mg/L,20mg/L,40mg/L,80mg/L处理K562细胞24h后,p21WAF1蛋白表达上调,有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),溶媒组和阴性对照组无差别(P>0.05)。结论:DADS有抑制K562细胞增殖和促进K562细胞凋亡的作用。其作用的可能机制与上调细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂p21WAF1表达,从而诱使k562细胞阻滞于G2/M期有关。     

p21WAF1/CIP1基因与肿瘤

肿瘤的发生发展是多基因参与的复杂而多步骤的过程.p21WAF1/CIP1基因作为一种重要的细胞周期抑制基因与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,近年来的研究表明它在不同肿瘤发生发展中有着不同的作用.     

人外周血淋巴细胞凋亡与年龄及p21~(WAF1)的关系

 分别从老年人和新生儿外周血中分离淋巴细胞 ,用形态观察、DNA断裂电泳图谱、流式细胞仪分析凋亡峰等手段检测其在体外培养过程中发生凋亡的情况 .结果表明 ,不论是自发凋亡还是用1 0 mmol/L的丁酸钠诱导其凋亡 ,老年人淋巴细胞的凋亡率均高于新生儿组 .进一步检测淋巴细胞凋亡时 p2 1 WAF1的表达变化 ,结果表明老年人淋巴细胞 p2 1 WAF1的下调幅度明显大于新生儿组 .提示老年人淋巴细胞凋亡率高与其 p2 1 WAF1表达容易下调有关 .     

G1阻滞中p21-E2F间的相互作用

前列腺素A2(PGA2)具有强的体内、外抗增殖活性,引起细胞周期阻滞,同时,可诱导cdk抑制物p21蛋白的表达,后者亦可介导多种细胞的G1阻滞.提示p21^waf1/cip1在PGA2诱导的细胞周期阻滞中具有重要作用.主要介绍了近两年来有关p21^waf1/cip1与转录因子E2F间的相互作用的研究,阐述p21^waf1/cip1在PGA2介导的细胞周期阻滞中的作用机制.     

胃癌和非癌病变ras P21表达的定量研究

应用流式细胞术对胃癌和胃粘膜的非癌病变组织细胞ras癌基因蛋白产物P²¹表达进行了定量研究,并探讨了ras P²¹表达与DNA倍体与增殖指数的关系.结果表明,胃癌P²¹表达量明显高于非癌病变组织的表达量.胃粘膜非癌病变组织中,胃癌前病变组织P²¹表达量明显高于慢性萎缩性胃炎组织的表达量,并发现P²¹蛋白的表达量与胃癌和癌前病变组织学分级、DNA倍体、增殖指数密切相关.     

核糖体S6蛋白激酶p90rsk与卵母细胞减数分裂

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号途径对减数分裂有重要调节作用,p90^rsk是迄今研究最清楚的MAPK下游靶分子,介导MAPK途径在卵母细胞减数分裂中的多种功能,包括卵母细胞减数分裂的启动、MⅠ/MⅡ期转化和MⅡ期阻滞的维持等.p90^rsk的磷酸化是MAPK激活的结果,而细胞退出减数分裂时,p90^rsk的去磷酸化也发生在MAPK失活以后.介绍了在卵母细胞中p90^rsk的研究进展.     

Zn2＋参与遗传调控的研究进展

Zn^2＋在遗传调控中的作用十分广泛而显著.结合新近的研究资料,着重从染色质结构与功能、核酸的生物合成、DNA的结构及构象、基因表达的调控等四个主要方面来反映Zn^2＋与遗传调控的相关性,并阐述Zn^2＋在其中发挥作用的机理.     

Lithium increases expression of p21WAF/Cip1 and survivin in human glioblastoma cells

Lithium is the most widely prescribed mood stabilizer, but the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic function are not yet fully elucidated. Recent preclinical and clinical evidence indicates its neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects. As a tight coupling of function and metabolism in the central nervous system between glial cells and neurons has recently been detected, lithium's effect on glial cells may participate also in the total beneficial effects of this drug. The aim of the present study was to analyze molecular mechanisms induced in human glioblastoma A1235 cells by the treatment with lithium, especially its influence on the expression of apoptosis-related genes. Lower levels of lithium (0.5 mmol/L and 2 mmol/L) did not cause any cytotoxicity or changes in the cell cycle phase distribution following 72 h incubation. However, a higher dose (20 mmol/L) was cytostatic for glioblastoma cells, and caused accumulation of cells in G₂/M phase of the cell cycle. The treatment with lithium did not alter the levels of Bcl-2 or procaspase-3 and did not cleave PARP, but increased the levels of p21^WAF/Cip1 and survivin. Thus, increased expression of p21^WAF/Cip1 (a protein with antiapoptotic function), and survivin (a protein that supports the growth of cells by suppression of apoptosis and promotion of cell proliferation) may be the early events in the long-term cell response to lithium that are involved in the beneficial effects of this drug.     

利用RNA干扰抑制p21WAF1/CIP1基因的表达及周期阻滞效应

目的：构建p21WAF1/CIP1基因小干扰RNA（siRNA）的真核表达载体,观察其对p21WAF1/CIP1表达的影响和细胞周期的变化。方法：合成了针对p21WAF1/CIP1基因的siRNA,将其克隆到siRNA表达载体pSliencer2.1-U6neo上,将重组质粒和带FLAG标签的p21WAF1/CIP1共转染293T人胚肾细胞,通过Westernblot检验RNA干扰（RNAi）敲低外源p21WAF1/CIP1的效果;将重组质粒单独转染293T人胚肾细胞,利用p21WAF1/CIP1抗体检测RNAi敲低内源p21WAF1/CIP1的效果;利用流式细胞仪检测敲低后细胞周期的变化。结果：测序证明构建了p21WAF1/CIP1siRNA真核表达载体;Westernblot和流式细胞分析证明,构建的siRNA能有效降低p21WAF1/CIP1基因的表达,并且使G1期细胞数减少14.03%,S期细胞增多13.45%。结论：构建了p21WAF1/CIP1siRNA的真核表达载体,该siRNA能有效抑制p21WAF1/CIP1基因的表达并部分解除了G1期阻滞。     

The p53-p21WAF1 checkpoint pathway plays a protective role in preventing DNA rereplication induced by abrogation of FOXF1 function

We previously identified FOXF1 as a potential tumor suppressor gene with an essential role in preventing DNA rereplication to maintain genomic stability, which is frequently inactivated in breast cancer through the epigenetic mechanism. Here we further addressed the role of the p53-p21^WAF1 checkpoint pathway in DNA rereplication induced by silencing of FOXF1. Knockdown of FOXF1 by small interference RNA (siRNA) rendered colorectal p53-null and p21^WAF1-null HCT116 cancer cells more susceptible to rereplication and apoptosis than the wild-type parental cells. In parental HCT116 cells with a functional p53 checkpoint, the p53-p21^WAF1 checkpoint pathway was activated upon FOXF1 knockdown, which was concurrent with suppression of the CDK2-Rb cascade and induction of G₁ arrest. In contrast, these events were not observed in FOXF1-depleted HCT116-p53−/− and HCT116-p21−/− cells, indicating that the p53-dependent checkpoint function is vital for inhibiting CDK2 to induce G₁ arrest and protect cells from rereplication. The pharmacologic inhibitor (caffeine) of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) protein kinases abolished activation of the p53-p21^WAF1 pathway upon FOXF1 knockdown, suggesting that suppression of FOXF1 function triggered the ATM/ATR-mediated DNA damage response. Cosilencing of p53 by siRNA synergistically enhanced the effect of FOXF1 depletion on the stimulation of DNA rereplication and apoptosis in wild-type HCT116. Finally, we show that FOXF1 expression is predominantly silenced in breast and colorectal cancer cell lines with inactive p53. Our study demonstrated that the p53-p21^WAF1 checkpoint pathway is an intrinsically protective mechanism to prevent DNA rereplication induced by silencing of FOXF1.     

p53-, SIRT1-, and PARP-1-independent downregulation of p21WAF1 expression in nicotinamide-treated cells

Nicotinamide at mM concentration is a potent inhibitor of certain key molecules involved in cell survival, such as SIRT1 and PARP-1, and affects cell survival in various conditions in vivo and in vitro. However, the effect of an acute treatment of nicotinamide on gene expression has rarely been closely examined. In our study, the treatment of 10 mM nicotinamide downregulated p21WAF1 expression in various human cells including p53-negative or SIRT1-knockdown cells indicating gene regulation not mediated by p53 or SIRT1. Meanwhile, in the nicotinamide-treated cells, Sp1 activity and protein level was substantially reduced due to increased proteasome-mediated degradation. Our results indicate that nicotinamide treatment attenuates p21WAF1 expression through Sp1 downregulation, and suggest a possible involvement of nicotinamide metabolism in cellular gene expression.