ON THE EVOLUTION OF MEGACERINES

<正> The megacerine deer (the tribe Megacerini of the subfamily Cervinae) is a rather ancient extinct group, known from the end of the Miocene, The tribe comprises 8 genera: Megaceros Owen, 1844, Sinomegaceros Dietrich, 1933, Praemegaceros Portis, 1920, Praedama Portis, 1920, Arvernoceros Heintz, 1970, Neomegaloceros Korotkevitch, 1971, Orchonoceros Vislobokova, 1979 and Praesinomegaceros Vislobokova, 1983. The Pleistocene history of megacerines is much studied regarding the evolutionary stage of these deer. Almost all students recognize the existence of two branches of megacerines in the Pleistocene of Europe: one of these connected with Megaceros giganteus (Blumenbach, 1803) and the other with Praemegaceros verticornis (Dawkins, 1872), although the estimations of the systematic range of these cervids are different (Azzaroli,     

ON NEW MATERIAL OF PALAEOLOXODON NAMADICUS OF CHINA,WITH DISCUSSION ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF SOME PLEISTOCENE ELEPHANTS OF CHINA

(Summary)The content of this paper includes the following 5 parts:Ⅰ.Palaeoloxodon namadicus namadi(typicus)MatsumotoⅡ.Palaeolokodon namadicus naumanni(Makiyama)Ⅲ.Palaeoloxodon namadicus yabei?MatsumotoⅣ.Discussion on the systematic classification of P.namadicus and some otherPleistocene elephants of chinaⅤ.Conclusion     

ON SOME SPECIES OF GLOBULAROSCHONGASTIA AND TROMBICULA

1. Globularoschongastia rattihaikonga sp. nov. (Figs. 1-13). When alive, both body and eyes are red in color. Well-fed specimensmeasure 493 μlong and 273 μwide. Gnathosoma measures 91 μlong and85 μ wide. Gnathosoma or capitulum. Gnathosoma large. Chelicera punctate dorso-proximally and with a tricuspid cap distally. Galeal setae nude but veryoccasionally with one tiny branch. Palpal segments: setae on femur andgenu plumose; those on dorsal and ventral side of tibia plumose, while thelateral ones nude but occasionally with 1-2 branches; on tarsus are one     

ON THE FRESHWATER COPEPODS OF YUNNAN PROVINCE

The freshwater copepod-fauna of Yunnan Province is heretofore imperfectly known,although it had previously been reported by several authors, such as Brehm (1921, 1923,1930, 1931) from the Erh Hai Lake, Ta-li; Chappuis (1936) from Yungning; Tchangand Ⅰ (1945) from the Kunming Lake; Hsiao (1950) from the Erh-Hai Lake, Ta-li, andthe present authors (1964) from Hsi-Song-Pang-Na, Tai Autonomous County, SouthernYunnan, amounting in all not more than 26 species from the various localities mentionedabove. Recently, colleagues of the Institute of Hydrobiology have kindly put at our dis-posal three lots of zooplankton samples, which were collected during July—September,     

ON NEW MATERIAL OF STEGODON WITH RECOLLECTIONS OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF STEGODON IN CHINA

ReviseddiagnoaisCraniumcompressedanteroposteriorlyandhighvertical1y.Superiortuskslargeandstraight,nolowerincisors'Ridge-platesprogressiveIymulti-plyingfromsixtoelevenintheintermediateteeth,fromninetofifteenandhaIfilltheposteriormolars.Thereisamediancleftoritsvestigesintheanteriorridge-platesoftheprimitivespecies.Conesrapidlysubdividingbybinaryorternary.fissionintomultipleconelets(8-l2).Ridge-plateselevatingfrombrachyodonttosubhypsodont.Cementdevelopingintheval1eys.RemarksSarwar(l977)propose…     

EFFECT OF REMOVAL OF EXTERNAL CALCIUM ON PHOSPHOINOSITIDE HYDROLYSIS IN CULTURED MYOTUBES OF EMBRYONIC CHICKEN

本工作研究了去细胞外钙对取自9天来亨鸡胚的培养肌管磷脂酰肌醇水解的影响。80 mmol/L K     

ON THE FIRST DISCOVERY OF CAPITOSAURID FROM SINKIANG

During the field expedition to Sinkiang of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontologyand Paleoanthropology some fragments of capitosaurid have been collected from Taoshu-yuantze,Turfan,Sinkiang.In spite of their fragmentary state of preservation they displaysome interesting characteristics which are capable for determination.All the fourpieces were found near by and belong most probably to the same individual.This is ac-     

OUTLINE OF SYSTEMS GEOLOGY AND ITS FLOW-RESISTANCE OUTLOOK ON TIME-SPACE

Systems geology is to integrate the developments of earth's spheres for studyof relevant systems at different levels and their periodical evolution from trendingtoward equilibritum to phasically stepping over it. Entropy theory, regarded by Albert Einstein as the first Principle for wholesciences, shows that the spontaneous alteration of a system always trends towardthe increase of entropy, the direction of thermodynamic time flow toward an     

ON THE LARVAE OF THE CHINESE SPECIES OF THE SUBFAMILY CHRYSOMYINAE(DIPT.CALLIPHORIDAE)

In this paper, the author described the larvae of Chinese Chrysomyine flies. All larval specimens of the seven species studied in this paper were reared in the laboratory. The 7 species of Chrysomyinae are as follows: Chrysomya megacephala (Fab., 1794). Fig.1. Ch. pinguis (Wlk., 1858). Ch. bezziana Vill., 1914, Fig.2. Ch. defixa (Wlk., 1857), Fig.3. Achaetandrus rufifacies (Macq., 1842). Fig. 4a.b. Ach. villeneuvii (Patton. 1922). Fig. 4b. (right 5, 8.) Ceylonomyia nigripes (Aubt., 1932). Fig. 5. The larvae of following species are described for the first time.     

ON THE LARVAE OF THE CHINESE SPECIES OF THE TRIBE LUCILIINI (DIPT.CALLIPHORIDAE)

The present paper deals with the larvae of 10 species of Luciliini from China. The 10 species of Luciliini are as follows: Hypopygiopais infumata (Bigot, 1877), Fig. 1. Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wied., 1830), Fig. 2. Lucilia sericata (Meig., 1826), Fig. 3. L. cuprina (Wied., 1830), Fig. 4. L. illustris (Meig., 1826), Fig. 5. L. caesar (L., 1758), Fig. 6. L. porphyrina (Walk., 1857), Fig. 7. L. ampullacea laoshanensis Quo, 1952, Fig. 8.     

THE EFFECT OF N,N''''—DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE ON THE FREQUENCY OF MICRONUCLEI IN BONE MARROW POLYCHROMATIC ERYTHROCYTES OF MICE

The micronucleus test is a reliable short-term in vivo test for detectingpotential clastogens or spindle poisons.Using the micronucleus test to evaluatethe mutagenic effect of N, N＇-Dimcthyl formamide(DMF)on bonemarrow polychromatic erythrocytes,Kunming strain mice were treated withthe drug in single and multiple injection tests.     

EFFECTS OF SELENIUM ON THE GROWTH,GLUTATHI0NE PEROXIDASE AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF OCHROMONAS DANICA

Axenic culture of Ochromonas danica from the Protozoology Laboratoryof Peking University was used for this study.In proteose peptone-glucosemedium containing lppm.selenium(in the form of Na_2SeO_3),Ochromonas     

NOTE ON THE EXCITATION AND INHIBITION OF LUMINESCENCE IN BER?

1. The ions of Ca and K condition general luminescence, and are therefore necessary to the conduction of the impulse. 2. In van''t Hoff''s solution from which Mg is omitted, Berœ shows hyperirritability with respect to luminescence. This is the result of the action of Ca and K ions unantagonized by Mg. 3. The luminescent material spread on filter paper does not show luminescence in sea water, NaCl, MgCl₂, or saccharose solutions isotonic with sea water. In solutions of CaCl₂, SrCl₂, BaCl₂, KCl, and K₂SO₄ the indicator paper glows with a bright luminescence. 4. In dark adapted Berœ, luminescence is inhibited by a certain quantity of light. This quantity has an average value of 57,285 meter-candle-minutes, which is twelve times the value given by Mnemiopsis.     

INFLUENCE OF pH AND TEMPERATURE ON THE ACTIVITY OF SnO2-BOUND α-AMYLASE: A GENOTOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF SnO2 NANOPARTICLES

Immobilization of biologically important molecules on a myriad of nanosized materials has attracted great attention due to their small size, biocompatibility, higher surface-to-volume ratio, and lower toxicity. These properties make nanoparticles (NPs) a superior matrix over bulk material for the immobilization of enzymes and proteins. In the present study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens α-amylase was immobilized on SnO₂ nanoparticles by a simple adsorption mechanism. Nanoparticle-adsorbed enzyme retained 90% of the original enzyme activity. Thermal stability of nanosupport was investigated by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. Scanning electron microscopic studies showed that NPs have porous structure for the high-yield immobilization of α-amylase. The genotoxicity of SnO₂-NPs was analyzed by pUC¹⁹ plasmid nicking and comet assay and revealed that no remarkable DNA damage occurred in lymphocytes. The pH-optima was found to be the same for both free and SnO₂-NPs bound enzyme, while the temperature-optimum for NPs-adsorbed α-amylase was 5°C higher than its free counterpart. Immobilized enzyme retained more than 70% enzyme activity even after its eight repeated uses.     

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON ACTION OF ANTIHISTAMINIC NASAL SOLUTION—A Preliminary Report

The effect of antihistaminic drugs in the form of solutions for nasal instillation on the mucous membranes of rabbits was investigated. So far as histologic observations would indicate, Antistine®-Privine® was the most harmful and caused almost complete necrosis throughout the entire nasal area. Pyribenzamine® was the least harmful. Allergan® caused more damage than did Pyribenzamine in the nasal mucosa of rabbits, but considerably less than Antistine-Privine.Clinically, the author has observed Antistine-Privine to be extremely irritating when employed as a topical application for symptomatic relief of nasal allergic disease. Pyribenzamine has caused considerable pain and discomfort in patients and has been least effective for relief of nasal congestion since it does not contain a vasoconstrictive agent. Allergan has not been observed by the author to be irritating to any degree in patients with nasal allergic disease unaccompanied by acute infection, and it has been noted to be the least irritating of these three antihistaminic solutions in nasal allergic disease complicated by infection.