浙江油茶产地土壤和果实金属元素含量特征

为探讨油茶(Camellia oleifera)产地土壤和油茶果实中金属元素分布和富集特征,在油茶果实成熟期,对浙江5个油茶产地土壤及油茶果实中金属元素进行污染分析和富集能力评价.结果表明,浙江油茶产地土壤中Pb、Cr、Cd、As、Hg、Ni、Cu和Zn含量低于农用地土壤污染风险筛选值,综合污染等级为安全.个别产区常山...     

基于MSIASM方法的中国省级行政区体外能代谢分析

通过社会代谢多尺度综合分析方法,采用社会不同层次人类活动时间、体外能代谢率与人类活动的社会开支和体外能的社会开支等指标,评价我国30个北京、天津、河北、山西、内蒙古自治区、辽宁、黑龙江、上海、福建、山东、河南、湖南、陕西、甘肃、宁夏回族自治区、新疆维吾尔自治区、吉林、江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、湖北、广东、广西壮族自治区、海南、重庆、四川、贵州、云南和青海30个省级行政区的社会代谢状况,识别出限制区域可持续发展的关键因素可持续发展水平,并通过因子分析和相关分析方法,识别限制区域可持续发展的因素。结果表明,该方法社会代谢多尺度综合分析方法适合于中国省级行政区的可持续发展评价;与2003年相比,2007年我国各省级单位的社会生产和消费水平普遍提高。在内蒙古自治区,矿业的迅速发展及其对工业和服务业的剧烈带动作用,造成了体外能代谢改善水平高于全国其他省级行政区。在海南省,整体工业化水平不高,以农业和旅游业为主的产业特点,使其体外能代谢的改善水平低于全国其他省级行政区。在江西和贵州,生产性行业发展过快,而服务业发展的和民生的工程人民生活水平改善发展的滞后,导致生产部门体外能代谢水平提高,而消费部门体外能代谢水平下降。在河北、青海和新疆维吾尔自治区,社会各行业均发展较快,而人民生活水平的改善较慢,使其付薪部门体外能代谢水平提高,而家庭部门体外能代谢水平下降。在安徽和广西壮族自治区,农业生产发展和消费水平提高较快,而工业生产水平和服务业发展有所降低,使其非农生产部门体外能代谢水平下降,而农业和家庭部门的体外能改善水平提高。在山西和上海地区,工业、服务业的发展和人民生活水平改善较叫快,而农业生产发展较慢,导致非农部门和家庭的体外能代谢水平提高,而农业部门的体外能代谢水平有所降低,这为地区可持续发展政策的制定提供了科学依据。与2003年对比,2007年资本和技术聚集是我国大部分地区社会发展的重要影响因素。北京、天津、河北、山西、内蒙古自治区、辽宁、黑龙江、上海、福建、山东、河南、湖南、陕西、甘肃、宁夏回族自治区和新疆维吾尔自治区仍需加大力度调整地区产业结构;吉林、江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、湖北、广东、广西壮族自治区、海南、重庆、四川、贵州、云南和青海继续加大资本技术的引进力度,以解决个省级行政区经济发展中的资本技术聚集与区域产业结构的不协调问题。而且,2007年中国省级行政区社会代谢表现异常,大多数省级行政区社会开支并未随社会发展而增加,社会负担表现为自南方向北方转移的倾向;内蒙古、宁夏和新疆3个矿产资源丰富的省级行政区的经济发展使当地环境承压过重。30个省级行政区中只有上海接近中等发达国家水平,北京、天津、河北等16个省级行政区仍需着力调整区域的产业结构,吉林、江苏、浙江等14个省级行政区仍需着力资本技术的引进力度,中国的社会负担出现南方转移到北方的倾向;与其他国家和地区相比,大部分省级行政区仍处于发展中国家水平,对这些国家和地区曾遇到的不可持续发展问题我们应引以为戒。     

中国绿色食品产业化发展的理论与实践

对天津蓟县国家级绿色食品生产示范区和国家级龙头企业草原兴发集团进行案例研究,得出绿色食品产业化经营的基本框架结构及其理论依据。绿色食品产业化的基本框架是由农产品生产、加工企业、农户、市场销售部门等组成,各部分之间存在特定的、相互依存的经济技术关系,共同构成统一的产业结构体系。在农业产业化、农业可持续发展、绿色经济、绿色营销、市场经济、以及农业生态学等理论与原理的指导下,该体系以市场为导向,以提高经济效益为中心,按照“市场牵龙头,龙头带基地、基地联农户”的形式,优化组合各生产要素,实行区域化布局、专业化生产、一体化经营、社会化服务、企业化管理。实现了资源持续利用和生态环境优化,从而获得最佳的社会、经济、生态综合效益,有利于提高中国农业的综合生产能力和出口能力。     

农林业系统沙兰杨-小麦、玉米群落类型氮、磷、钾营养元素循环的研究

农林业系统沙兰杨-小麦、玉米群落类型N、P、K营养元素循环研究结果表明:在整个群落中,元素N和P发生损亏,K基本平衡。在植物组分库和枯落物库中,元素N、P、K均发生累积;在土壤库中,元素N、P和K均发生亏损。土壤表层(0—20cm)N的含量是限制农作物正常生长发育的主要环境因子。土壤库中有效N和速效P的含量是限制沙兰杨正常生长发育的主要环境因子。群落的年输入输出量大,枯落物少,营养元素在各组分间的循环量大等是该群落类型营养元素循环的重要特性。     

自然生态价值、生态资产管理及价值实现的生态经济学基础研究——科学概念、基础理论及实现途径

自然界的生态系统为人类繁衍发展提供各式各样的生活、生产和生计的环境条件与自然资源。基于自然规律的生态系统管理是人类社会不断认知自然生态价值、保护利用自然环境和资源、创造积累生态资产、维持社会经济系统永续发展的基本途径。以此为核心认知的区域生态经济学或经济生态学,正在成为探讨人类世地球系统演变及社会经济可持续发展问题的科学研究前沿。本文以大尺度区域宏观生态系统科学为学术视角,以生态系统的多功能性与多元价值观为基础,综合论述了自然生态价值、生态资产、生态产品等基本概念;从生态学、社会学和经济学融合角度,分析讨论了生态资产形成与变化、生态产品生产与消费、生态投资与生态资产损益等过程原理;提出了区域生态资产的系统经营与生态价值实现途径,期望为我国及区域生态系统价值及生态资产的评估,生态产业及生态价值实现体系的发展提供理论和方法学参考。     

生态功益:自然生态过程对人类的贡献

大自然是维系人类社会生存和维持文明发展的生命之舟,为人们的物质和精神生活提供必不可少的资源和环境条件及生态服务。生态功益是这些由自然生物过程产生和维持的环境资源方面的条件和服务的统称。本文从自然生产,维持生物多样性,调节气象过程、气候变化和地球化学物质循环,调节水循环和减缓旱涝灾害,改善与保持土壤,净化环境,为作物与自然植物传粉播种,控制病虫害,维护改善人的身心健康和激发人的精神文化追求等方面探讨和介绍生态功益及生态功益的经济评价。迅猛的人口增长、社会变化和技术发展已使承载人类社会的生命之舟受到严重破坏和巨大威胁。减少这些破坏和威胁是整个社会,特别是生态学エ作者面临的重大挑战.     

基于生态系统服务视角的山水林田湖草生态保护与修复——以洞庭湖流域为例

山水林田湖草系统保护与修复的重要目标是维护和提升区域生态系统服务。基于山水林田湖草生命共同体理念,以维护和提升人类福祉所需的重要生态系统服务为目标,提出生态系统服务视角下的山水林田湖草系统治理框架,以实现流域生态系统整体保护、质量提升和格局优化。基于该框架,以洞庭湖流域为例,通过流域生态系统格局、生态系统质量状况分析、流域生态系统服务重要性评估和生态问题识别,构建流域生态安全格局,为实现可持续的山水林田湖草生命共同体提出系统保护与修复布局建议。通过洞庭湖流域的分析案例为流域山水林田湖草生态保护与修复重要区域的识别提供了可借鉴的指标和定量分析方法,为流域尺度构建生态安全格局、实现山水林田湖草系统保护和修复提供思路和途径。     

Development of the Systematic Approach to Studying Agricultural Land and Agrolandscape Management

This paper develops the methodological foundations of agrolandscape-environmental studies and management of agricultural land that are based on the concept of conservation and reproduction of land and other natural resources used in agriculture, soil fertility, productive longevity of agro-ecosystems and agrolandscapes (All-Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute), and the concept of the ecological framework of agricultural landscapes and ecological–economic balance (Moscow State University, Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Sciences). An integrative understanding of the essence of agricultural lands allows us to consider them as natural agricultural systems, which have a specific structure, functions, and links and are interrelated with other agrogeo-ecosystems and geo-ecosystems that form the environment. They supply agricultural products and other side derivatives of their functioning that are associated with the development of negative processes outside their limits. The features of study, construction, and management of agricultural land are determined by the dual nature-productive essence of agrogeo-ecosystems and the presence of three subsystems in them (abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic). A special role is played by a control and monitoring unit. Agrogeoecosystems are characterized by the presence of three types of relationships (substance-energy, informational, and management); three main functions of agrogeo-ecosystems (productive, environment-forming, and nature-protective); the ability of agrogeo-ecosystems to respond to anthropogenic impacts; the ability of adaptation and recovery; and their distinctive openness and dynamism. The priorities of studies and management of agricultural land are formulated in several principles (systematic approach, emergence, environmental framework, landscape-ecological balance, multilevel and multifactor adaptation, etc.). They are intended to improve the adaptability, sustainability, productivity, and resource-saving and environmental role of agro-ecosystems and agricultural landscapes, which is only possible by creating favorable conditions for their functioning, ensuring a balance between the productive and protective agro-ecosystems and favorable conditions for the development of soil and soil biota, for the active life of major soil-formers (perennial grasses and microbes).     

State and management of wetlands in Bangladesh

Wetlands are a vital link between land and water in Bangladesh. A majority of the people of Bangladesh are critically dependent on wetlands. In this paper, the values of wetlands, causes and effects of wetlands degradation, as well as the present wetlands management approach, are analyzed and recommendations for wetlands management are suggested based on participatory rural appraisal (PRA), field visit, personal experience, and existing literature and information. Wetlands play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of ecosystems, but wetlands habitat of Bangladesh is under constant threat due to increase of population, intensive agriculture, overfishing, siltation, pollution, ill-planned infrastructures, lack of institutional coordination, lack of awareness, etc. As a result biodiversity is reducing, many species of flora and fauna are threatened, wetlands-based ecosystem is degenerating, and the living conditions of local people are deteriorating as livelihoods, socioeconomic institutions, and cultural values are affected. Wetlands management is not addressed separately in water management activities of Bangladesh. In order to balance human needs and wetlands conservation, a mainly community-based wetlands management approach has been taken in Bangladesh, but this is not enough to prevent the degradation of wetlands. Therefore, Bangladesh now needs a comprehensive strategy combining political, economic, social, and technological approaches to stop further degradation of wetlands. Therefore, wetlands management should be incorporated into a system of integrated land and water use and, indeed, into the socioeconomic system of the country. Policies, strategies, and management plans for sustainable use and conservation of wetlands of Bangladesh must be based on solid knowledge and understanding of their ecological and socioeconomic functions and processes.     

现代农业与新型农业类型与模式特点

论述了目前现代与新型农业种类与模式的内涵、特点、基本指导思想与发展前景,分析了可持续农业、生态农业、有机农业、精准农业、设施农业、白色农业、城市农业、质量农业、蓝色农业、自然农业、生物农业、生物动力农业、集约农业及其他新型农业产生的背景条件和精髓,指出这些农业类型之间并不是完全对立,而是互相渗透与补充。其中的许多农业模式都注重依靠农业生态系统自身的循环,其生产过程有利于生态环境的改善和保护,但它们绝对排斥现代化学工业产品,侧重强调环境意识,忽视农业的生产功能和收益,会使农业生产效率和效益降低。面对人类人口增加和耕地面积不断减少的现实问题,这些替代农业很难实现大面积应用,如果能够把这些农业模式的精髓之处有机地结合起来,将形成具有生命力的现代农业,将主宰21世纪的农业潮流。     

生态系统服务功能及其生态经济价值评价

生态系统服务功能是指生态系统与生态过程所形成及所维持的人类赖以生存的自然环境条件与效用。它不仅为人类提供了食品、医药及其它生产生活原料,更重要的是维持了人类赖以生存的生命支持系统,维持生命物质的生物地化循环与水文循环,维持生物物种与遗传多样性,净化环境,维持大气化学的平衡与稳定。人们逐步认识到,生态服务功能是人类生存与现代文明的基础。近年来生态系统服务功能的研究已引起了人们的广泛重视,生态学家、经济学家纷纷探讨生态系统服务功能的内涵与定量评价方法,并已成为当前生态学与生态经济学研究的前沿课题。本文拟系统地分析生态系统服务功能的研究进展与趋势,生态系统服务功能价值的评估方法,并探讨生态系统服务功能及其与可持续发展研究的关系.     

野生鸟类传染性疾病研究进展

由于具有独特的飞行能力和极强的地理扩散能力,鸟类活动为某些传染性疾病的快速传播和扩散带来了潜在风险.自20世纪以来,以禽霍乱、禽波特淋菌病、西尼罗河热、禽流感等为代表的鸟类疾病频繁暴发,导致为数众多的野生鸟类、家禽甚至人类死亡,给社会造成巨大的经济损失.因此,有关鸟类传染性疾病的研究已引起了国内外学者的广泛关注.从鸟类传染性疾病的生态学特征、疾病对鸟类与人类社会的影响、鸟类对疾病的传播、鸟类疾病的监测、预警和防控等方面对野生鸟类的传染性疾病研究进展进行了综述.不同疾病导致的鸟类死亡量、易感物种数量、暴发频率和地理扩散等特征差异显著.20世纪以来,疾病已成为全球生物多样性的七大威胁因子之一.疾病可能造成鸟类大量死亡,从而对鸟类种群,特别是濒危鸟类种群造成严重影响.其中,人畜共患病还会导致家禽家畜甚至人类的死亡,从而对社会产生严重的影响.野生鸟类作为多种疾病传播的媒介,其移动和迁徙可能会导致疾病的传播与扩散.开展全面的监测活动和建立疾病预警体系,对于疾病的防控具有重要意义.     

米老排种源家系生长性状变异分析及早期选择

为分析米老排生长性状在种源和家系间的变异规律,筛选出速生的米老排优良种源和家系。以来自8个米老排地理种源的116个家系为研究对象,对米老排生长性状进行种源间和家系间遗传变异分析和育种值综合评分。结果表明：不同米老排种源间和家系间生长性状的差异均达到极显著水平。生长量最高的GXPX种源的平均树高、胸径和单株材积分别为9.50 m、13.40 cm、0.079 9 m³,是最差种源GXFC的1.28、1.42和2.30倍;生长最快家系是PX01,其平均树高、胸径和单株材积分别为9.86 m、15.31 cm和0.101 6 m³,其株材积是最差家系FC01的4.01倍,是家系群体均值的1.94倍。通过单性状选择对种源进行选择,初步选出2个优良种源,其树高、胸径和单株材积的预期遗传增益分别达到8.87%、11.79%和34.70%;运用育种值综合评分法对家系进行选择,初步选出12个优良家系,其树高、胸径树高和材积的预期遗传增益分别达到11.57%、17.35%和52.06%。GXPX和GXLZ 2个种源,PX01、LZ03、PX02、DB08、PX10、PX04、PX09、DB07、DB16、LZ05、JX16和PX05等12个家系是选出的综合生长表现最好的优良种源和家系,可作为米老排良种材料进行申报并推广。     

鱼蛋白有机液肥对小粉土酶活性和微生物生物量碳、氮的影响

采用恒温土壤培养方法,研究了4种不同鱼蛋白有机液肥施用量[0(对照)、0.5、1.5、2.5 ml·kg-1]条件下小粉土酶活性和微生物生物量碳、氮的变化,及其与土壤养分的相关关系.结果表明:在整个培养过程中,不同鱼蛋白有机液肥施用量处理下土壤pH值变化范围为7.07～7.31,与对照无显著差异;土壤磷酸酶活性显著增强,分别为对照的1.27、1.90、1.96倍;土壤脲酶活性分别比对照提高39.81%、78.06%、173.24%;蛋白酶活性比对照提高56.37%、108.29%、199.98%;土壤微生物生物量碳、氮均随肥料添加量的增加而逐渐增大,分别为对照的1.67、3.95、4.74倍和1.21、2.43、4.06倍.土壤脲酶和蛋白酶活性以及土壤微生物生物量碳、氮在不同施用量处理下达到峰值点的时间不同.土壤磷酸酶、脲酶和蛋白酶活性、土壤微生物生物量碳、氮与土壤养分均呈显著正相关.施用鱼蛋白有机液肥可以显著促进小粉土微生物的生长及酶活性的提高,从而促进土壤有机质的分解转化和速效养分的释放.     

Biomimetic nanosystems and novel composite nanobiomaterials

Biophysicochemical approaches to the solution of nanotechnology problems associated with the design of functional biomimetic nanosystems, hybrid and composite nanobiomaterials and study of their structure-function relationships. The results of studies concerned with physicochemical mechanisms of the formation of organized biomimetic nanostructures and bioinorganic nanomaterials in systems involving a bulky liquid phase and the interface (gas-liquid, solid-liquid, liquid-liquid)during the synthesis and structure formation with the participation of the components of colloid systems, inorganic nanoparticles of various composition and clusters of metals, surfactants, polyelectrolytes and their complexes are discussed. In the development of the methods for the formation of composite bioinorganic nanosystems containing inorganic nanocomponents, two major approaches were used: adsorption and incorporation into the biomolecular matrix or colloid system of presynthesized inorganic nanoparticles, as well as the synthesis of the inorganic nanophase immediately in the biomolecular system. The methods of obtaining biomaterials and nanosystems are based on the principles of biomimetics, biomineralization, self-assembly and self-organization, combination and integration of a number of synthetic and physicochemical methods (physical and chemical adsorption, Langmuir technique, the formation of polycomplexes, chemical linking, competitive interactions, and substitution of ligands in supramolecular and coordination complexes) and nanocomponents of different nature. In particular, a novel approach to the preparation of highly organized nanofilm materials was developed, which is based on the effect of self-assembly and self-organization of colloid nanoparticles during the formation of their complexes with polyfunctional biogenic ligands in the volume of the liquid phase in the absence of any surfaces and interfaces. The physical and chemical factors responsible for the formation of structurally ordered biomolecular and composite nanosystems including nano-sized components of different nature and the possibilities to control the composition, structure, and properties of resulting nanomaterials and nanosystems are discussed. The experimental methods and approaches developed may be useful in studies of structure-property relationships and basic mechanisms of structural organization and transformation at the nanoscales level in biological, artificial, and hybrid nanosystems. The problems of practical application of the synthetic methods and the corresponding nanomaterials are discussed.     

山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程综合成效评估技术框架

我国实施了诸多生态保护修复工程,取得了显著成效。然而,以往工程多以湿地、森林、草原等单一类型的生态系统为保护修复目标,缺乏区域整体性、系统性考虑。2016年以来,我国开始从完整流域的视角出发,系统考虑生态系统完整性、自然地理单元连续性和社会经济可持续性,实施山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程。该类工程保护修复目标多样、内容庞杂,因而成效评估面临子项目类型多、空间尺度多、目标维度多、项目实施周期短等诸多挑战。就空间尺度而言,评估对象既要涵盖常规评估中相对较大的、确定的空间范围,也要涵盖具有相对类似生态问题或目标的保护修复单元,以及实际采取措施的子项目;就时间尺度而言,既要考虑工程实施结束时的成效,也要考虑实施结束后的成效动态;就评估内容而言,既要关注社会、生态、经济效益,也要考察工程措施与生态效应之间的关系、不同类型子项目的关联性与协同性、工程的整体性与系统性。研究基于上述背景制定了一个新型评估框架,重点强调基于子项目、保护修复单元以及工程范围三个尺度的指标体系,以及生态、社会、经济、管理四个方面的评估内容。新的评估框架将有助于完善山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程标准体系,为推进国土空...     

Mass spectra of methyl-branched hydrocarbons from eggs of the tobacco hornworm

Hydrocarbons from three homologous series of branched alkanes from the eggs of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.), were identified by mass spectrometry. Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) peaks 37-A (equivalent chain length of 37.2) and 39-A (equivalent chain length of 39.2) were mixtures of 13-, 15-, 17-, and 19-methylheptatriacontane and 13-, 15-, 17-, and 19-methylnonatriacontane, respectively. GLC peaks 33-B, 37-B, and 39-B with equivalent chain lengths of 33.4, 37.4, and 39.4, respectively, were mixtures of 13,17- and 15,19-dimethyltritriacontane, 13,17-, 15,19-, and 17,21-dimethylheptatriacontane, and 13,17-, 15,19-, and 17,21-dimethylnonatriacontane, respectively. GLC peak 37-C (equivalent chain length of 37.6) was a mixture of 11,15,19-, 13,17,21-, and 15,19,23-trimethylheptatriacontane.     

Effect of natural amino acids and sugars on cyclase activities in infusoria Tetrahymena pyriformis and Dileptus anser

Natural amino acids and sugars in intracellular eukaryotes are known to regulate adenylyl cyclase (AC) and guanylyl cyclase (GC) systems that control the most important cell processes. The goal of the present work consisted in study of effects of natural amino acids and sugars and some of their derivatives on AC and GC activities of infusoria Tetrahymena pyriformis and Dileptus anser. Methionine, arginine, lysine, and tryptamine stimulated basic AC activity of T. pyriformis, whereas alanine, thyrosine, and cysteine decreased it. Methionine, glycine, alanine, thyrosine, arginine, and to the lesser degree tryptamine and histidine stimulated AC of D. anser. The GC activity of T. pyriformis are increased in the presence of tryptamine, tryptophane, histidine, arginine, and lysine, whereas glycine and aspartic acid, on the contrary, decreased it. Tryptamine, tryptophan, leucine, glutamic acid, serine, histidine, and alanine stimulated the GC activity of D. anser. Glucose, fructose, and sucrose stimulated the basal AC activity of both infusorians and GC of T. pyriformis, with glucose and sucrose increasing AC of T. pyriformis twice, while that of D. anser 4.5 times. Lactose stimulated AC and GC of T. pyriformis and was inefficient with respect to the D. anser cyclases, whereas mannose and galactose did not affect the enzyme activities in both infusorians. The study of the chemotactic response of infusorians to amino acids and sugars indicates that involved in realization of this response can be signaling pathways both dependent on and independent of cyclic nucleotides. Thus, it has been established for the first time that several amino acids and sugars affect functional activity of enzymes with cyclase activity of the infusorians T. pyriformis and D. anser. This confirms the hypothesis that at early stages of evolution the large spectrum of comparatively simple natural molecules has a hormone-like action.     

Impact of the invasive shrub Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) on shrub-layer insects in a deciduous forest in the eastern United States

Invasive Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) creates a dense shrub layer in deciduous forests in eastern North America that negatively impacts native herbs and tree seedlings. We predicted that higher vegetative cover caused by this shrub would increase abundance and diversity of insects and alter composition of insect assemblages. We used paired plots, one with and one without honeysuckle, in ten forest locations in southwestern Ohio, USA, to sample insects and measure diversity and vertical cover of vegetation in the shrub layer. Vertical cover of this vegetation was higher on honeysuckle-present plots, but diversity of shrub-layer vegetation did not differ between honeysuckle-present and honeysuckle-absent plots. Species diversity of Hexapoda, Coleoptera, and Psocoptera, richness of Hexapoda, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Psocoptera, and abundance of Hexapoda, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Psocoptera were higher on honeysuckle-present than on honeysuckle-absent plots. Evenness did not differ between honeysuckle treatments. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling distinguished taxonomic composition in honeysuckle-present plots from that in honeysuckle-absent plots. Presence of vertical cover explained higher richness of Hexapoda and Coleoptera, and higher abundance of Hexapoda, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Psocoptera. Attributes of honeysuckle, independent of its contribution to vertical cover, explained increases in richness of Hexapoda, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera and abundance of Hexapoda, Hymenopera, and Psocoptera. These attributes of honeysuckle could include a more complex vegetative structure, a greater availability of resources such as food, detritus, or shelter, and/or a more favorable cooler and moister microenvironment. To more fully understand the mechanisms causing increased richness and abundance of insects in honeysuckle-present areas, detailed studies on these attributes of honeysuckle would be necessary.