不同产地胡芦巴中两种黄酮甙的含量测定

中药胡芦巴系豆科 (Ｌｅｇｕｍｉｎｏｓａｅ)植物胡芦巴 (Ｔｒｉｇｏｎｅｌｌａｆｏｅｎｕｍ ｇｒａｅｃｕｍＬ .)的种子。胡芦巴在我国有久远的应用历史 ,主产于河南、安徽、四川等省[1,2 ] ,除药用外 ,也是重要的香精香料和食用经济作物。胡芦巴主含皂甙类成分 ,另外 ,还含有     

Influence of plant matrix on microwave-assisted extraction process. The case of diosgenin extracted from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

A focused microwave-assisted extraction method was developed for the extraction of diosgenin from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds, air-dried and fresh leaves and air-dried roots. Several experimental parameters were studied, including extraction time, microwave power applied and percentage of 2-propanol in the extraction mixture as well as their interactions, in order to optimize the extraction efficiency. The two latter parameters were found to be the most important. Response surface modelling was used to predict the extraction yield of diosgenin in selected matrices. The analysis of diosgenin in crude extracts was carried out by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).     

Characterization of recombinant human growth hormone variants from sodium hyaluronate-based sustained release formulation of rhGH under heat stress

This study provides the findings of investigations of potential product-related variants on recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in a once-weekly sustained release formulation (SR–rhGH) of sodium hyaluronate microparticles and on the rhGH bulk solution used as the active ingredient for SR–rhGH under extreme stress conditions of 24 h at 60 °C. The extent of rhGH degradation was much higher in solution (33%) than in SR–rhGH (10%). The degradation products, especially Met14 sulfoxide and deamidated rhGH variants, were separated and quantified by a modified reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP–HPLC) method at reduced flow rate. The primary degradation product of rhGH was found to be deamidated rhGH, although an unknown peak was also detected. In contrast, the primary degradation product of SR–rhGH was Met14 sulfoxide rhGH, with no unknown peaks. Using a cell proliferation assay, the biological activities of the isolated products of SR–rhGH degradation were found to be equivalent to those of native hGH, as determined by comparison with a National Institute for Biological Standards and Control standard. In conclusion, SR–rhGH is structurally and functionally stable and maintains the intactness of rhGH.