Polymorphisms of VEGF,TGFβ1, TGFβR2 and conotruncal heart defects in a Chinese population

Genetic variants may determine susceptibility of congenital heart disease (CHD). To evaluate the impact of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), TGFβ receptor II (TGFβR2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms on conotruncal heart defects susceptibility, we genotyped six functional polymorphisms TGFβ1 rs1800469 C>T, TGFβR2 rs3087465 G>A, VEGF ?2578C>A, ?1498T>C, ?634G>C and +936C>T in a hospital based case–control study of 244 conotruncal heart defects cases and 136 non-CHD controls in a Chinese population. Logistic regression analyses revealed that if the TGFβ1 rs1800469 CC homozygote genotype was used as the reference group, subjects carrying the CT variant heterozygote had a significant 0.48-fold decreased risk of conotruncal heart defects [odds ratio (OR) = 0.52; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–0.88], subjects carrying the TT variant homozygote had a significant 0.47-fold decreased risk of conotruncal heart defects (OR 0.53; 95 % CI 0.28–1.00). In stratification analyses, the TGFβ1 rs1800469 C>T genotype was associated with a decreased risk for tetralogy of fallot in homozygote comparisons (OR 0.47; 95 % CI 0.22–0.99), a decreased risk for transposition of great artery in the dominant genetic model (OR 0.49; 95 % CI 0.28–0.87) and heterozygote comparisons (OR 0.45; 95 % CI 0.24–0.83). Our findings suggest that TGFβ1 rs1800469 C>T polymorphism was significantly associated with decreased risk of conotruncal heart defects. TGFβR2 rs3087465 G>A, VEGF ?2578C>A, ?1498T>C, ?634G>C and +936C>T polymorphisms may not play a role in the susceptibility of conotruncal heart defects.     

Association between polymorphism of MTHFR c.677C>T and risk of cardiovascular disease in Turkish population: a meta-analysis for 2.780 cases and 3.022 controls

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the main cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. A common polymorphism c.677C>T has been identified in the gene coding for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), which is involved in the remethylation of homocysteine, and may predispose to CVDs. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate the risk of CVDs associated with MTHFR c.677C>T in Turkish population. Published studies were retrieved from PubMed, Science Citation Index/Expanded, Google Scholar, Turkish Medline, and the Turkish Council of Higher Education Theses Database. For each study, we calculated odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals (CI), assuming frequency of allele and homozygote comparison, dominant and recessive genetic models. Thirty-one separate studies were included and 2.780 cases/3.022 controls were involved in the current meta-analysis. Significant association was found between c.677C>T polymorphism and risk of CVD when all studies pooled with random-effects model for T versus C (OR 1.33; 95 % CI 1.11–1.59; p = 0.002), TT vs. CC (OR 1.87; 95 % CI 1.35–2.60; p = 3.53E?04), TT+CT vs. CC (OR 1.32; 95 % CI 1.06–1.64; p = 0.014) and TT vs. CT+CC (OR 1.75; 95 % CI 1.29–2.37; p = 6.57E?04). Further analysis indicated the significant association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) TT genotype and groups with venous thrombosis, peripheral arterial thrombosis, acute MI/MI. No publication bias was observed in any comparison model. Our results of meta-analysis suggest that MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism is associated with the CVDs in Turkish population.     

IL-1RN +2018T>C polymorphism is correlated with colorectal cancer

Epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates chronic inflammation as a risk factor for colorectal cancer. We investigated whether IL-1B ?511C>T (rs16944), IL-1B +3954C>T (rs1143634) and IL1-RN +2018T>C (rs419598) cytokine polymorphisms are correlated with colorectal cancer. Blood samples were obtained from 377 Romanian subjects: 144 patients with sporadic colorectal cancer and 233 healthy controls. Polymorphisms were analyzed by allelic discrimination TaqMan PCR assays with specific probes. The results of our study showed that IL-1RN +2018T>C polymorphism is associated with colorectal cancer. We found that there was a significant difference in the frequency of CC genotype between patients with colorectal cancer and the control group (OR 2.42, 95 % CI: 1.06–5.53, p = 0,034) when TT genotype was used as reference. Furthermore, in a stratified analysis, a positive association was found only for IL-1RN +2018CC genotype, that was limited to early I and II stages (OR 2.72, 95 % CI: 1.05–7.03, p = 0,033). We did not find any association between any of the IL-1B polymorphisms and colorectal cancer. In conclusion this study found that IL-1RN +2018T>C polymorphism is associated with colorectal cancer, mainly for localized disease.     

Mitogen/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase-5 promoter region polymorphisms affect the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer in a southern Chinese population

Mitogen/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase-5 (MEK5), which belongs to a network of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, play a pivotal role in carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether variants in the MEK5 gene promoter were involved in susceptivity of individuals to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present hospital-based case-control study of 737 patients with sporadic CRC and 703 healthy control subjects in a southern Chinese population, the two polymorphisms of MEK5 promoter (i.e., rs7172582C>T and rs3743354T>C) were genotyped by TaqMan assay. There were significant differences between cases and controls in the genotype and allele distribution of the MEK5 gene rs3743354T>C polymorphism. The rs3743354 CC genotype was associated with a significantly decreased risk of CRC when compared with the TT genotype (adjusted odds ratios [ORs]=0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24-0.77). Compared to the T allele, a significant correlation was detected between the presence of the C allele and decreased risk of CRC (adjusted OR=0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-0.94). The decreased risk of CRC associated with rs3743354 variant genotypes (i.e., CT+CC) was found in the smoker subgroup (adjusted OR=0.63; 95% CI=0.45-0.88). Further, environmental factors, including smoking and drinking, interacted with rs3743354C variant genotypes to reduce CRC risk. Western blot analysis showed that the levels of MEK5 protein in sporadic CRC neoplastic tissues and adjacent normal colorectal epithelium tissues were lower in the carriers of rs3743354 CC genotypes than that in those with rs3743354 TT genotypes or those with rs3743354 TC genotypes. However, no significant association was found between the rs7172582C>T polymorphism and risk of CRC. These data indicate that the rs3743354 polymorphism in the MEK5 promoter may affect the risk of developing CRC.     

Association of potentially functional variants in the XPG gene with neuroblastoma risk in a Chinese population

XPG gene plays a critical role in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. However, the association between XPG gene polymorphisms and neuroblastoma risk has not been investigated. In this study with 256 neuroblastoma cases and 531 cancer‐free controls, we investigated the effects of five potentially functional polymorphisms ( rs2094258 C>T, rs751402 C>T, rs2296147 T>C, rs1047768 T>C and rs873601G>A) on neuroblastoma risk. We calculated odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the association between the five selected polymorphisms and neuroblastoma risk. False‐positive report probability (FPRP) was utilized to determine whether significant findings were noteworthy or because of a chance. We also performed genotype–phenotype association analysis to explore the biological plausibility of our findings. We found that the rs2094258 T allele was significantly associated with decreased neuroblastoma risk (CT versus CC: adjusted OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.47–0.90, P = 0.010; and CT/TT versus CC: adjusted OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.53–0.97, P = 0.030) after adjusting for age and gender. The association was more prominent for subjects with retroperitoneal tumour or early‐stage tumour. We also found that carriers of the 2–3 risk genotypes had a significantly increased neuroblastoma risk when compared to carriers of the 0–1 risk genotypes. The association with risk genotypes was more predominant in older children, females and subjects with retroperitoneal tumour or early stage. Our results were further supported by FPRP analysis and genotype–phenotype association analysis. In conclusion, our study verified that the XPG gene rs2094258 C>T polymorphism may contribute to neuroblastoma susceptibility. Our findings require further validation by studies with larger sample size and concerning different ethnicities.     

Variant rs2237892 of KCNQ1 Is Potentially Associated with Hypertension and Macrovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in A Chinese Han Population

KCNQ1 has been identified as a susceptibility gene of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in Asian populations through genome-wide association studies. However, studies on the association between gene polymorphism of KCNQ1 and T2 DM complications remain unclear. To further analyze the association between different alleles at the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) rs2237892 within KCNQ1 and TD2 M and its complications, we conducted a case-control study in a Chinese Han population. The C allele of rs2237892 variant contributed to susceptibility to T2DM(odds ratio [OR], 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–1.75). Genotypes CT(OR, 1.97; 95% CI,1.24–3.15) and CC(OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.57–3.95) were associated with an increased risk of T2 DM. Multivariate regression analysis was performed with adjustment of age, gender, and body mass index. We found that systolic blood pressure(P = 0.015), prevalence of hypertension(P = 0.037), and risk of macrovascular disease(OR, 2.10; CI, 1.00–4.45) were significantly higher in subjects with the CC genotype than in the combined population with genotype either CT or     

Influences of −482C&gt;T and 3238G&gt;C polymorphisms of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Apolipoprotein C3</Emphasis> gene on prevalence of metabolic syndrome

Apolipoprotein C3 (ApoC3) plays a regulatory role in triglyceride (TG) metabolism. The higher level of TG can be a cause in pathogenesis of the vascular diseases or metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we examined the associations of ApoC3 polymorphisms (?482C>T rs2854117 and 3238G>C rs5128) with Korean MetS patients. A total of 835 subjects were investigated, including 320 patients with MetS and 515 healthy subjects. The genotype analysis of the ApoC3 polymorphisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Of the two polymorphisms studied, we observed a significant difference in the ?482C>T polymorphism between the MetS and control groups. The TT genotype of the ?482C>T polymorphism was associated with increased risk for MetS, compared with the controls (OR 1.627, 95 % CI 1.075–2.463, P = 0.021). The association was female-specific. No associations were found for the risk of MetS in the 3238G>C polymorphism. Haplotypes composed of two polymorphisms, however, were associated with MetS susceptibility in only male group. The 3238G>C polymorphism was significantly associated with TG levels (P = 0.013). Our data suggest that the ApoC3 ?482C>T polymorphism is associated with increased MetS susceptibility in the Korean population.     

A LncRNA gene polymorphism (rs1814343) is associated with the risk of coronary artery lesions in southern Chinese Kawasaki disease patients

Background

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a multisystemic angiitis, and its most disastrous complication is coronary artery lesions (CALs). Recently, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in KD has been reported. rs1814343 is a lncRNA, but the relationship between the lncRNA rs1814343 polymorphism and KD risk remains elusive.

Methods

We enrolled 1625 Kawasaki disease patients (583 patients with CAL and 1042 without CAL) and 1000 healthy controls from a southern Chinese population. We genotyped the rs1814343 C > T polymorphism in KD and control patients using the TaqMan method. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the strength of the association.

Results

There was no significant association between the lncRNA rs1814343 C > T polymorphism and KD susceptibility. However, we stratified patients in this study by CAL and sex. First, compared with the control groups, we found that the rs1814343 genotype increased risk for KD patients with CAL (TT vs. CC + CT: OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.08–1.71, p = 0.009). Moreover, when KD patients were stratified by CAL, the TT genotypes of this lncRNA polymorphism contributed to a relatively higher occurrence of KD with CAL than that was found in the CC/CT genotype patients (TT vs. CC + CT: OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.07–1.69, p = 0.011). In addition, our research suggested that the TT variant genotype in the lncRNA rs1814343 had an obvious risk of KD with CAL susceptibility in male children.

Conclusion

The lncRNA rs1814343 C > T polymorphism was related to higher susceptibility of KD with CAL.     

Association of <Emphasis Type="Italic">FGFR2</Emphasis> (rs2981579) gene polymorphism with the risk of mesial occlusion

The molecular-genetic testing of the polymorphic rs2981579 (C>T) locus of the FGFR2 gene as the marker of increased predisposition to the development of mesial occlusion was carried out in 110 patients with mesial occlusion and 103 general-population control subjects from Ukraine. It was shown that polymorphism rs2981579 in gene FGFR2 is associated with mesial occlusion (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.14–2.45, p = 0.009). Compared to CC carriers, TT+CT carriers had a 3.21-fold higher risk of mesial occlusion (95% CI = 1.57–6.57, p = 0.001). We found the protective effect of the homozygous allele C on mesial occlusion development (OR = 0.31, p = 0.001). This is the first published data on FGFR2 polymorphisms rs2981579 (C>T) in patients with mesial occlusion.     

Association of C-reactive protein (CRP) rs1205 and rs2808630 variants and risk of cancer

The correlation between rs1205, rs2808630 variants of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene and susceptibility of cancer has been assessed previously, but with conflicting results. We adopted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), in silico tools and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis to evaluate this association. Totally, 10,614 cancer subjects and 33,294 controls were involved in the pooled analysis. When all the studies were pooled, no significant correlation was indicated between the two variants and cancer risk. However, in stratification analysis by ethnicity, we found that CRP rs1205 C>T polymorphism was associated with an elevated risk of cancer in Asians (T-allele vs. C-allele, OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.06–1.36, p_{heterogeneity} = .226; TT vs. CC, OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.14–1.93, p_{heterogeneity} = .089). Similar findings were observed for rs2808630 variant. In silico tools showed that lung adenocarcinoma participants with high CRP expression may have shorter overall survival time than low expression group. ELISA analysis indicated that CRP expression in prostate adenocarcinoma subjects with TT + TC genotypes was statistically higher than in those with CC genotypes. CRP rs1205 C>T and rs2808630 T>C polymorphism may be associated with cancer risk, especially for Asians.     

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis

Associations between 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism and ischemic stroke have been reported (Ariyaratnam et al., 2007; Banerjee et al., 2007; Casas et al., 2004), but the results of these studies are inconsistent. To investigate the possible associations between the MTHFR gene polymorphism and ischemic stroke, we performed a meta-analysis. Nineteen case–control studies associated with MTHFR gene C667T involving 2223 cases and 2936 controls were included. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated with I² and Egger's test and an inverted funnel plot was used to assess publication bias. Odds ratio (OR) was observed to identify the associations. Statistically significant association with ischemic stroke was identified for allele T polymorphism of MTHFR [fixed-effects OR = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.17–1.40, P < 0.00001] and marginally significant association was detected with genotype CT of MTHFR (fixed-effects OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01–127, P = 0.04) and genotype TT of MTHFR (fixed-effects OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.20–1.70, P < 0.001). The results suggested that the MTHFR C667T genetic polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke.     

A miR-125b binding site polymorphism in bone morphogenetic protein membrane receptor type IB gene and prostate cancer risk in China

Recently, a C>T polymorphism (rs1434536) in a miR-125b binding site in the 3?? untranslated region (3??UTR) of bone morphogenetic protein membrane receptor type IB gene (BMPR1B) has been found to contribute to cancer susceptibility. To investigate whether it plays an important role in the development of prostate cancer in southern Chinese Han population, we performed a case?Ccontrol study. 247 prostate cancer and 278 control subjects were included in the cancer association study and dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to test the binding ability of miR-125b to BMPR1B-C or -T vectors. The effect of CT/TT genotype on prostate cancer risk was found to be significant for localized disease (OR?=?1.60, 95% CI?=?1.01?C2.53, P?=?0.044) and among subgroups of aged >70?years (OR?=?1.90, 95% CI?=?1.15?C3.15, P?=?0.015) compared with CC genotype. Moreover, C-allele gave a reduced luciferase activity relative to T-allele in dual-luciferase reporter assay. Our findings show that rs1434536 in the 3??UTR of BMPR1B gene affects the binding ability of miR-125b to BMPR1B mRNA and contributes to the genetic predisposition to localized prostate cancer and patients aged >70?years.     

Association of the Genetic Polymorphisms in Pre-MicroRNAs with Risk of Ischemic Stroke in a Chinese Population

microRNA (miRNA) plays a role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in miRNA genes may contribute to disease susceptibility. However, the effect of miR-146a, miR-196a2, and miR-499 polymorphisms on ischemic stroke susceptibility has been rarely reported. Using the TaqMan assay, we evaluated the association of hsa-miR-146a/rs2910164, hsa-miR-196a2/rs11614913, and hsa-miR-499/rs3746444 polymorphisms with the risk of ischemic stroke in a Chinese population with 531 ischemic stroke patients and 531 control subjects. Rs2910164 C/G genotypes were significantly associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke in different genetic model (homozygote comparison: OR = 2.00, 95% CI, 1.29–3.12, P = 0.002; additive model: OR = 1.35, 95% CI, 1.10–1.65, P = 0.004;dominant model: OR = 1.33, 95% CI, 1.00–1.75, P = 0.049; recessive model: OR = 1.82, 95% CI, 1.20–2.74, P = 0.004). Subjects with allele G of hsa-miR-146a/ rs2910164 also showed increased risk of ischemic stroke (OR = 1.33, 95% CI, 1.09–1.62, P = 0.005). Stratification analysis showed that the association between rs2910164 and the risk of ischemic stroke was more pronounced in subjects over 60 years old, females, non-drinkers, subjects without hypertension or diabetes mellitus. There were significant combined effects between miR-146a/rs2910164 and fasting glucose/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels on ischemic stroke susceptibility. However, we failed to find any association between the alleles/genotypes of rs11614913 T/C and ischemic stroke, respectively (P> 0.05). In summary, this study provides evidence that miR-146a/rs2910164 might be associated with a significantly increased risk of ischemic stroke in a Chinese population, and the combined effects between miRNA polymorphism and fasting glucose /blood lipid levels may contribute to stroke pathogenesis.     

Genetic association of IDE,POU2F1, PON1, IL1α and IL1β with type 2 diabetes in Pakistani population

A number of genes are known to be involved in glucose homeostasis. Mutations and polymorphisms in candidate genes may effect insulin production, action or resistance. This study was designed to report the association of genetic polymorphism with the type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Pakistani population. A total of 458 subjects (case n = 288, control n = 170) participated in the study. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms were investigated in genes IDE (rs6583813 C>T, rs7910977 C>T), POU2F1 (rs3767434 A>T, rs10918682 A>T, rs2146727 A>G), WFS1 (rs734312 A>G), PON1 (rs854560 T>A), IL1α (rs1800587 C>T) and IL1β (rs1143634 C>T). Genotyping was performed by DNA sequencing after nested polymerase chain reaction of targeted regions. Results indicated that rs7910977 in IDE showed significant association with the development of T2D [P = 0.012, OR 1.677 (95 % CI 1.112–2.438)]. The rs10918682 in POU2F1 was associated with T2D [P < 0.001, OR 3.606 (95 % CI 2.165–6.005)]. The rs854560 in PON1was associated with incidences of T2D and increased the risk of cardiovascular complications [P = 0.031, OR 0.663 (95 % CI 0.455–0.965)] in diabetics. The rs734312 from WFS1 gene was associated with diabetes at genotype level (P < 0.01). Haplotype analysis of rs1800587–rs1143634 depicted CC haplotype increased the susceptibility to diabetes (P < 0.05). Haplotype GAA from rs2146727–10918682–rs3767434 was protective against diabetes (P < 0.01) and GGA exhibited the association with T2D (P < 0.01). Haplotype CT from rs6583813–rs7910977 was protective against diabetes (P = 0.02). Our study provided evidence to IDE, PON1, WFS1, POU2F1, IL1α and IL1β associated with T2D in Pakistanis.     

Association between the MMP-9−1562 C>T polymorphism and the risk of stroke: a meta-analysis

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 so far is identified as extremely large and complicated MMP family member. Recently, dozens of studies have explored the association between a promoter polymorphism (?1562 C>T) in MMP-9 and stroke susceptibility. However, the conclusions of these studies still remain equivocal. Therefore, our current meta-analysis was conducted to investigate whether or not the MMP-9 promoter polymorphism is related to the risk of stroke. Electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database) were searched to obtain all the available studies investigating this polymorphism and stroke from inception to October 2013. Overall and subgroup analyses were rigorously conducted after data extraction. Pooled odds ratio (OR) corresponding to 95 % confidence interval (CI) were estimated. The statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.2. Totally, seven studies involving 1,624 cases and 1,525 controls were identified. The overall results suggested that there was no association of the C?1562T variant on stroke risk under the T allele versus C allele [OR _{T vs. C} 0.98, 95 % CI (0.84, 1.15), P = 0.84], the dominant model [OR _{TT+TC vs. CC} 0.95, 95 % CI (0.81, 1.13), P = 0.59], the recessive model [OR _{TT vs. TC+CC} 1.55, 95 % CI (0.86, 2.81), P = 0.15], the homozygote comparison [OR _{TT vs. CC} 1.48, 95 % CI (0.82, 2.68), P = 0.20] and the heterozygote comparison [OR _{TC vs. CC} 0.93, 95 % CI (0.78, 1.10), P = 0.38]. In the subgroup analyses by ethnicity, age, stroke type and source of controls, no significant relations were observed in any genetic models. Our results indicated that MMP-9?1562 C>T polymorphism was not a risk factor for stroke. Further studies should focus on gene–gene and gene–environment interactions, and provide a more convincing explanation for this association.     

A polymorphism in the visfatin gene promoter is related to decreased plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with coronary artery disease

Visfatin, a newly identified proinflammatory adipokine, has been linked to coronary artery disease (CAD). The ?1535C>T polymorphism (rs61330082) located in the visfatin gene promoter is reportedly associated with proinflammatory status. However, it is unclear whether this polymorphism correlates with plasma levels of inflammatory markers including visfatin, hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-?? in CAD patients. The present study was to investigate the potential association of the ?1535C>T polymorphism with plasma levels of visfatin, IL-6, C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and TNF-?? in patients with CAD. We conducted a hospital based study with 171 CAD patients to examine the association between the ?1535C>T polymorphism and plasma levels of visfatin, hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-??. Plasma visfatin levels were markedly different between patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP, 11.91 ± 0.70 ng/l) and those with unstable angina pectoris (UAP, 17.49 ± 0.20 ng/l) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI, 16.63 ± 0.22 ng/l; SAP versus UAP or AMI, P < 0.05). Compared with the CC genotype, variant genotypes CT and TT correlated with significantly lower levels of visfatin, hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-?? in the SAP group (P < 0.05), with lower levels of hs-CRP and IL-6 in the UAP group (P < 0.05), and with lower levels of visfatin in the AMI group (P < 0.05) after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and medication. Our results suggest that the ?1535C>T polymorphism is associated with decreased plasma levels of inflammatory markers in CAD patients, reflecting that this polymorphism might provide a useful marker for predicting the development of CAD events.     

PSCA rs2294008 Polymorphism with Increased Risk of Cancer

Background

Published data on the association between PSCA rs2294008 polymorphism and cancer risk have implicated inconclusive results. To determine the relationship and to precisely assess the effect size estimate of the association, we performed a meta-analysis.

Methods

We searched published literature in Embase and PubMed databases using the search terms “PSCA”, “prostate stem cell antigen”, “variants”, “polymorphism”, “polymorphisms”, and “cancer”. A total of 21 eligible articles were retrieved, with 27, 197 cancer cases and 48, 237 controls.

Results

On the whole, we found the association between PSCA rs2294008 polymorphism and cancer risk was statistically significant: TT vs CC: OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.27; TT + CT vs CC: OR = 1.08, 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.10; TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.21; T vs C: OR = 1.10, 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.14; CT vs CC: OR = 1.10, 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.13. Stratified analyses in cancer type and ethnicity showed similar results.

Conclusions

Based on the statistical evidence, we can draw a conclusion that the rs2294008 polymorphism of PSCA gene is likely to play a role in cancer carcinogenesis, especially in gastric cancer and bladder cancer.