TYRO3~(-/-)AXL~(-/-)MER~(-/-)小鼠骨髓细胞mRNA的差异表达谱

TYRO3、AXL和MER受体是受体酪氨酸激酶亚家族之一,广泛地表达在哺乳动物神经、免疫、生殖、血液等系统多种细胞中,促进细胞存活、增殖和分化。本研究利用基因芯片技术筛选基因敲除的TYRO3~(~(-/-))AXL~(-/-)MER~(-/-)小鼠骨髓细胞中差异性表达的m RNA,并进行生物信息学分析。与正常小鼠骨髓细胞相比,TYRO3~(-/-)AXL~(-/-)MER~(-/-)小鼠骨髓细胞中差异表达基因探针共1 363条,其中表达上调的基因探针499条、下调的基因探针864条。GO功能富集分析发现上调的基因主要参与免疫反应,下调的基因主要参与造血。KEGG Pathway富集分析发现上调的基因主要参与细胞粘附分子和抗原呈递等信号通路。Real-time PCR验证5个差异基因,与芯片中表达变化趋势一致。因此TYRO3、AXL和MER受体共同参与调控机体的免疫反应和血细胞分化。     

Synthesis of (S)-(—)-Vertinolide

(S)-(?)-Vertinolide 1 was synthesized via the tetronic acid derivative 6 from (S)-(?)-tetrahydro-2-methyl-5-oxo-2-furancarboxylic acid 3. (±)-Vertinolide was also synthesized from (±)-3.     

Preparation of (±)-2-(2,3-2H2)Jasmonic Acid and Its Methyl Ester,Methyl (±)-2-(2,3-2H2)Jasmonate

For use as the internal standards in a quantitative analysis of natural jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (JAMe) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring, (±)-2-(2,3–²H₂)JA and its methyl ester, (±)-2-(2,3–²H₂)JAMe, were efficiently prepared from 2-(2–pentyl)-2-cyclopentenone through catalytic semi-deuteriogenation of acetylenic intermediates with deuterium gas in pyridine.     

乔治·威尔斯·比德尔( 1903-1989 )

1903年10月22日,乔治·威尔斯·比德尔(G.W.Beadle)出生于美国内布拉斯加州一户农民家庭,1926年和1927年先后获内布拉斯加林肯大学理科学士和硕士学位。尔后,他到康奈尔大学,在遗传学大师爱默生(Emerson)领导的“玉米小组”攻读博士学位,从事玉米细胞遗传学研究。1931年获博士学位后,他又到加州理工学院,在遗传学大师摩尔根(Morgan)领导的“蝇室”从事果蝇细胞遗传学研究。1936年,他到哈佛大学任助理教授,1937~1946年任斯坦福大学教授,1946年回到加州理工学院任教授和生物学系主任,1961~1968年任芝加哥大学校长。比德尔和泰特姆(Tatum)以…     

(S)-3-(4-(2-(5-Methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)-2-(piperazin-1-yl)propanoic acid compounds: Synthesis and biological evaluation of dual PPARα/γ agonists

A series of novel, potent PPARα/γ dual agonists were synthesized and appraised. The most potent analogue, compound 2b demonstrated EC₅₀ value of 0.012 ± 0.002 and 0.032 ± 0.01 μM, respectively, for hPPARα and hPPARγ in transactivation assay. Additionally, compound 2b demonstrated good glucose and lipid lowering effect in genetic diabetic (db/db) mice.     

Synthesis and screening of (E)-1-(β-D-galactopyranosyl)-4-(aryl)but-3-ene-2-one against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A series of galactose-derived aryl enones were synthesised and screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H₃₇Rv. Preliminary results were promising with MIC values in the range 1.56-12.5 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of 7-(tetrahydropyran-2-yl)- and 7-(4-acetoxytetrahydropyran-2-yl)-ε-rhodomycinone and 7-(tetrahydropyran-2-yl)-ε-pyrromycinone

The ¹³C.n.m.r spectra of water-soluble and -insoluble glucans synthesized by enzymes isolated from six strains of Streptococcus mutans are interpreted. The glucans are shown to be composed primarily of α(1→3)- and α-(1→6)-linked glucosyl residues, and the relative abundance of each linkage is estimated from peak areas. Treatment of water-insoluble glucans with dextranase is found to result in water-soluble and -insoluble products, the former enriched in α-(1→6)-linkages and the latter in α-(1→3)-linkages. The structural conclusions arrived at by ¹³C-n.m.r. spectroscopy are consistent with data from methylation analysis and ¹H-n.m.r. spectroscopy.     

Biotransformation of (-)-(R)-α-Phellandrene: Antimicrobial Activity of Its Major Metabolite

Terpene derivatives converted by microbial biotransformation constitute an important resource for natural pharmaceutical, fragrance, and aroma substances. In the present study, the monoterpene α-phellandrene was biotransformed by 16 different strains of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and yeasts). The transformation metabolites were initially screened by TLC and GC/MS, and then further characterized by NMR spectroscopic techniques. Among the six metabolites characterized, 6-hydroxypiperitone, α-phellandrene epoxide, cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol, and carvotanacetone, which originated from (-)-(R)-α-phellandrene, are reported for the first time in this study. Additionally, the substrate and the metabolite 5-p-menthene-1,2-diol were subjected to in vitro antibacterial and anticandidal tests. The metabolite showed moderate-to-good inhibitory activities (MICs=0.125 to >4?mg/ml) against various bacteria and especially against Candida species in comparison with its substrate (-)-(R)-α-phellandrene and standard antimicrobial agents.     

羰基还原酶产生菌Candida ontarioensis制备(R)-2-氯-1-(3-氯苯基)乙醇

从实验室保藏的菌株中筛选获得Candida sp.PT2A,并通过18S rRNA鉴定为安大略假单胞菌Candida on-tarioensis。对C.ontarioensis不对称还原合成(R)-2-氯-1-(3-氯苯基)乙醇的发酵产酶条件和转化条件进行优化,确定了最适的发酵产酶条件和转化条件:温度30℃,初始pH 6.5,摇床转速180 r/min,菌体质量浓度200 g/L。采用2-氯-1-(3-氯苯基)乙酮质量浓度为10 g/L时,还原反应72 h,(R)-2-氯-1-(3-氯苯基)乙醇的e.e.值为99.9%,产率为99%;底物质量浓度提高至30 g/L时,产率下降为84.3%。采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对C.ontarioensis细胞进行通透性处理(CTAB g/L,4℃下处理20 min),在30 g/L底物下反应24 h,产物的e.e.和产率分别达到99.9%和97.5%。     

Formation of genotoxic products from N-nitrosoheptamethyleneimine (NHMI), 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) and N′-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) by isolated rabbit lung cells

The genotoxic potentials of N-nitrosoheptamethyleneimine (NHMI), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3 pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) were studied in fresh preparations of Clara cells and type II cells isolated by centrifugal elutriation and density gradient centrifugation, and macrophages from rabbit lung. The activation of the compounds to bacterial mutagens was assayed in the Salmonella mutagenicity test using strains of TA 100 and TA 1530 preincubated with test chemicals and cells placed in chambers with nucleopore membranes to separate cells and bacteria. Unscheduled DNA synthesis was measured by incorporation of [³H]-thymidine in the cells after exposure to the compounds. NHMI, NNK and NNN were not activated to bacterial mutagens by Clara cells, type II cells or macrophages, presumably because the reactive metabolites generated were not released into the incubation medium. However, NHMI and NNK increased unscheduled DNA synthesis in Clara cells, and the highest repair activity was found after incubation with NNK. The effect of NNN was only marginal. This indicates that NHHI and NNK are genotoxic in the rabbit lung and that the Clara cells are involved in the metabolic activation of these compounds.Abbreviations NHMI N-nitrosoheptamethyleneimine - NNK 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone - NNN N-nitrosonornicotine Supported by a grant and a fellowship (R.B.) from the Royal Norwegian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research.     

Microbiological synthesis of 5-ethyl- and (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine

Summary The title compounds were prepared by an enzymatic transdeoxyribosylation from 2 dGuo or 2 dThd to the respective heterocyclic bases, 5-ethyluracil and (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil, using the whole bacterial cells ofEscherichia coli as a biocatalyst.     

王云章教授传略(1906-)

王云章,字蔚青,1906年10月12日出生于河南省北部内黄县的一个农民家庭.他的童年和少年时代正处清朝末年民国初期,中国内忧外患,军阀混战,民不聊生,社会处于激烈动荡之中.他目睹中国贫穷落后的惨景,萌发了科学救国的思想,立志要为发展中国农业科学事业贡献力量.1927年他考进了北平大学农学院农业生物系,1931年毕业,获农学士学位.     

科学出版社书讯(2010-3,4)

<正>病毒学精要概览(双语版)(英)T.斯科恩著,朱俊萍李相辉安静译978-7-03-026886-0$50.002010年3月出版内容简介:本书是Coffee House Notes on Virology一书的中英双语版本,内容涵盖了病毒学的基本原理、概念以及与病毒学密切联系的学科中各项热点议题,例如:病毒和肿瘤、病毒和免疫系统、     

Oligo(dT)-纤维素与Oligo(U)-纤维素的合成及其应用

Oligo(dT)-纤维素与Oligo(U)-纤维素具有分离信使RNA(mRNA)的功能。这是由于大多数的mRNA 分子的3’-末端含有多聚腺嘌呤核苷酸的片段(亦有例外,如一类组蛋白的mRNA),在低温与高离子强度的条件下,此片段能与多聚脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷酸或多聚尿嘧啶核苷酸形成互补的碱基配对,而核糖核蛋白体RNA(rRNA)与转移RNA(tRNA)缺少多聚腺嘌呤核苷酸的片段,不能被该树脂吸附,利用这一特性可将mRNA与其它RNA分离开来。     

科学出版社书讯(2010-1,2)

<正>堆肥微生物学原理许修宏李洪涛张迪编著978-7-03-026451-0$48.002010年1月出版内容简介:本书内容分为上、下两篇。上篇着重介绍堆肥的生物学原理,包括堆肥的生化过程、     

乙醇脱氢酶与葡萄糖脱氢酶偶联催化制备(S)-1-(2,6-二氯-3-氟苯基)乙醇

(S)-1-(2,6-二氯-3-氟苯基)乙醇是抗癌药物克唑替尼的手性合成前体,可由2,6-二氯-3-氟苯乙酮经乙醇脱氢酶催化还原制备,还原中所需的还原型辅酶Ⅱ再生是该反应的技术瓶颈.本研究构建重组大肠杆菌E.coli BL21-ADH和E.coli BL21-GDH,实现了葡萄糖脱氢酶和乙醇脱氢酶的共表达,并进行偶联转化.结果表明,当在反应温度为30℃,pH为7的条件下,(S)-l-(2,6-二氯-3-氟苯基)乙醇的产量达到最高,在投料量为6％时,该体系转化率为93.75％.     

О РАСЧЛЕНЕИИ НИЖНЕКАМЕННОУΓОЛЫХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ СЕВЕРНОΓО СКЛОНА ХРЕБТА БОРО-ХОРО(ВОСТОЧНАЯ ЧАСТЬ ТЯНЬ-ШАНЯ,СИНЬЦЗЯНЬ)

B KoHue习X eT助eT“月PyeeKH盆reo月OrMy二KeToB H.B.(1575一1900r,r.)BnePB曰e Bhl八即朋HH水HeKaMeHH0yro几bHbleor卫咪eHu分no eo6PaHH滩‘HM中ayHePa3Pe30B H3BeCTH只KOBB BePx阳b只x P.A川a几a“P.八水ePra几aH eeBePHoroCKJIOHa玩Po·XoPo. flos及HeegTOTPa仑oH noceTM卫H HeMe双KHe reo卫orH:MeP玖6axeP(1907一1909r。r。Merzbaeher),rPe6eP(Gr6ber,1908一1909 r.r.),KPeHKe几b(KreDkel,1913 r.).OHHBflePBble八aJIH onHCaHHeOT几。尧KeHH直.BH3e直cKO直中ayH乒H TeM caM曰M yToq…     

D-(-)-苯甘氨酸酶法制造工艺研究

<正> D-(-)-苯甘氨酸为半合成抗生素中用量最大的侧链化合物,其制造工艺有化学法和酶法两种。酶法工艺是八十年代新工艺,具有工艺简便、收率较高、生产周期短、原材料成本低等特点,尤为重要的是一酶多用,开发了制造中性D-氮基酸的工艺路线。为了研究酶法制造D-(-)-苯甘氨酸工艺,我们在筛选获得了D-乙内酰脲酶产生菌巨大芽孢杆菌SIPI-