从簇毛麦和摄威大麦草幼穗愈伤组织诱导植株再生

禾本科植物的组织培养和植株再生是一个比较困难的研究课题。除甘蔗等少数物种外,禾本科大部分种的幼叶愈伤组织不能或只能偶尔分化再生植株。近年来陆续报道来源于玉米(Zeamays)、Sorghum bicolor和黍属(Panicum)的一些种的胚的愈伤组织长期保存着胚胎发生和植株再生的能力。同时来源于水稻(Oryza sativa)、粗厚山羊草和大麦的杂种(Triticum     

野牛草幼穗愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生

以野牛草[Buchloe dactyloides(Nutt．)Engelm．]幼穗为外植体,建立了愈伤组织诱导、继代培养和植株再生体系。结果表明,雌穗比雄穗难以脱分化形成愈伤组织;小于8mm雄幼穗在2mg／L2,4-D培养基上的愈伤组织诱导率为80．0％～86．8％;添加10mg／L AgNO3对愈伤组织诱导率影响不明显,但可改善愈伤组织质量。2mg／L 2,4-D结合0．1mg／L 6-BA的培养基有利于愈伤组织的继代培养;继代超过3次、继代间隔超过3周,愈伤组织分化能力明显下降。雄穗愈伤组织在含1．0mg／L 6-BA培养基上,弱光条件下分化出芽的频率较高,达31．8％～35．0％;附加3％麦芽糖既可减轻褐化程度,又利于丛生芽的分化。分化苗在1/2MS 0．3mg／L IBA培养基上的生根率为62．5％。     

番茄幼叶愈伤组织诱导与再生植株

1 植物名称番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)。 2 材料类别幼嫩叶片。 3 培养条件基本培养基为MS。(1)诱导愈伤组织培养基附加BA 2 mg/L(单位下同)、IAA 1;(2)分化培养基附加BA 4;(3)生根培养基附加IAA 2。培养温度25℃,每天补充光照10 h,光照度2000 lx。     

从葱的愈伤组织诱导再生植株

以葱属植物为材料研究离体条件下器官分化及植株再生的工作可以提到:Fridborg研究洋葱的一个变种(Allium cepa L.var.proliferum)芽和小植株的再生;Havranek 和Novak 研究大蒜鳞茎外植体上苗的再生;Hu.C.Y.和 T.Su 研究大蒜分生组织的培养及鳞茎的形成;Kehr 和 Schaeffer 及周云罗等研究大蒜贮存叶愈伤组织的诱导以及从愈伤组织再生小植株。我们以葱(Allium fistulosum)为材料,从鳞茎诱导出愈伤     

水稻幼胚愈伤组织再生植株

植物名称:粳稻(Oryza sativa subsp.Japo-nica)“双丰一号”品种。材料类别:开花后7—9天正在胚器宫原基分化期的幼胚。培养条件:取开花后7—9天的水稻子房用0.2％HgC1_2灭菌15分钟后,将正在分化期的未成熟幼胚挑出放入诱导培养基上,诱导愈伤组织的培养基用N_6无机盐,其它附加物如下(单位mg/1):2,4-D2.0,甘氨酸2.0,B_1.0,B_60.5,烟酸0.5,蔗糖5％,琼脂1％,灭菌前调至pH5.8。在25±2℃黑暗下培养17—20天后,将愈伤组织转移到MS分化培养基上,每升中加6-BA1毫克及2,4-D 0.1毫克,蔗糖3％,每日光照12小时,光强为5000—6000 1x,温度25±     

紫果猕猴桃幼胚愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

以紫果猕猴桃(Actinidia arguta var．purpurea)幼胚为外植体,诱导愈伤组织并进行植株再生。结果表明：不同的培养基和不同的培养条件对幼胚愈伤组织的诱导率及分化率不同;0．2mg／L ZT与0．5mg／L GA。配合使用有利于促进愈伤组织的诱导;7％蔗糖、600mg／L CH与400mg／L Gln都有利于促进愈伤组织的形成;在添加0．5mg／L 6-BA、0．05mg／L NAA与0．5mg／L GA3的MS培养基中植株的再生率达93．3％。     

低温处理对水稻幼穗愈伤组织再生植株的影响

植物名称:粳稻(Oryza sativa var.japonica)品种牡交17和秋光。材料类别:水稻幼穗分化到第4,5期(幼穗长0.5～1.0cm),将幼穗连同叶鞘同时剪下,95％酒精消毒1分钟,用饱和的漂白粉上清液浸泡15～20分钟,再用0.1％的升汞液灭菌15分钟,最后用无菌水冲洗3～4次,在无菌条件下剥去叶鞘,剪取2～     

火龙果愈伤组织诱导与植株再生

为了建立火龙果愈伤组织诱导与植株再生体系,以火龙果茎段、幼苗和子叶为外植体进行离体培养试验。结果表明：茎段诱导愈伤组织的最优培养基为1／2MS＋2,4-D2．0mg·L^-1＋6-BAO．5mg·L^-1,诱导子叶愈伤组织的最适培养基是1／2MS＋2,4-D2．0mg·L^-1＋6-BA1．0mg·L^-1,诱导愈伤组织分化的最优培养基为1／2MS＋6-BA4．0mg·L^-1＋NAA0．5mg·L^-1,最佳生根培养基为1／2MS＋6．BA1mg·L^-1＋NAA0-3mg·L^-1。     

罗布麻愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

以罗布麻(Apocynum venetum L.)当年的成熟种子和5周龄的幼苗叶片为外植体,研究了不同激素组合、暗培养对愈伤组织及植株再生的影响.结果表明,幼苗作外植体诱导愈伤的最佳培养基为添加1.0 mg/L 6-BA 0.2 mg/L IBA的MS培养基;继代培养中1.0 mg/L 6-BA与0.2 mg/L IBA组合愈伤致密而生长迅速,长时间培养硬化的愈伤组织可用添加0.5 mg/L 6-BA和0.1 mg/L IBA培养基和初期暗培养获得大量质地疏松、增殖迅速的愈伤组织;再生苗诱导以0.5 mg/L 6-BA 0.2 mg/L IBA组合为佳;1/2MS附加NAA 0.6 mg/L为适宜的生根培养基,初步建立了罗布麻离体再生体系.     

何首乌愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

1　植物名称　何首乌 (Ｐｏｌｙｇｏｎｕｍｍｕｌｔｉｆｌｏｒｕｍ)。2　材料类别　蒙山阳坡路旁野生植株上的嫩芽。3　培养条件　诱导愈伤组织培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 1 ;(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 1 ;(3) 1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .3;(4) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 0 .1 ;(5 ) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ0 .3;(6 ) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 1 ;(7)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3 2 ,4 Ｄ 1。芽分化培养基 :(8)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 ;(9)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ;(1 0 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;(1 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 0 .4;(1 2 …     

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Leaf Callus of Hordeum vulgare

Explants obtained from the basal portion of leaves of Hordeumvulgare (cv. Karan 92) gave rise to callus when cultured onMurashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2, 4-D). Initially, the callus was friable, shiny-whiteand watery but subsequently some compact, nodular callus appeared.The latter were cultured on MS medium containing 0.05 mg l^–12, 4-D and 0.1 mg l^–1 N6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin),when plantlets were generated. Histological studies showed thatplantlet regeneration occurred by the formation of somatic embryos.The regenerated plants had the normal diploid chromosome number(2n = 14). Hordeum vulgare, barley, somatic embryogenesis, tissue culture, plant regeneration     

Plant Regeneration from Callus Protoplasts of Codonopsis pilosula

Embryogenic cell line was established from hypocotyl segments of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.)Nannf. 4--8 day old embryogenic callus was used to isolate protoplasts in an enzyme solution containing 1.5 % cellulase Onozuka R-10 and 3 % pectinase. Protoplasts were cultured in MS,C81V,DPD and KMSp basal medium supplemented with 1.2 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.2 mg/L NAA, 0. 2 mg/L BAP, 0. 1 mg/L ZT,and different combinations of glucose and mannitol . Protoplast-derived cells underwent sustained divisions in KM8p medium. As an osmoticum, glucose was more beneficial to protoplast division. A combination of 0. 30 mol/L glucose with 0.10 mol/L mannitol gave the best result. Under proper conditions , protoplasts underwent the first division on the 3rd day of culture,formed colonies within 30 days , and developed into microcalli in 6 weeks. Plantlets were regenerated from protoplast-derived calli through somatic embryogenesis. 0.2 % activated charcoal promoted embryoid formation and root development.     

杂交狼尾草胚性愈伤组织的诱导与植株再生

以杂交狼尾草初级愈伤为材料,运用方差分析的方法研究不同因素对杂交狼尾草胚性愈伤诱导率与植株再生率的影响。结果发现,2,4-D和TDZ对杂交狼尾草胚性愈伤诱导影响显著,最佳的胚性愈伤诱导培养基为MS+3.0 mg·L-12,4-D+0.4 mg·L-16-BA+0.2 mg·L-1 TDZ,诱导率为54%;愈伤分化培养基以附加0.1 mg·L-1 TDZ+0.2 mg·L-16-BA+3.2 mg·L-1 CuSO4的 MS培养基为最佳,再生率为68.33%,褐化率为8.33%;分化培养基中添加0.8~3.2mg·L-1的CuSO4均能促进杂交狼尾草愈伤组织分化,而添加AgNO3对杂交狼尾草愈伤分化无显著影响。该技术为离体诱变获得杂交狼尾草低温种质材料奠定了基础。     

Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Barley Mature Embryos

Callus cultures were induced starting from excised mature embryosin spring barley, Hordeum vulgare cv Maxima On a medium containinga high level of auxin, a first primary callus was induced whichwas friable, unorganized and capable of direct plant regenerationin the tested conditions This callus type was characterizedby fast growth and high variability in chromosome number Subsequently,a secondary callus type arose from the primary calli subculturedon the same medium in the light This callus type was white andcompact and consisted predominantly of diploid cells When transferredto hormone-free medium it gave rise to green shoots Completerooting of the shoots was achieved on half-strength basal mediumfollowed by exposure to higher light intensity Regenerated plantletscould then be transferred directly into soil without sufferingany loss in vitality Although showing different degrees in morphologicalvariability, they all maintained the diploid chromosome number Hordeum vulgare L, spring barley, morphogenic calli, organogenesis     

花叶千年木愈伤组织直接再生花序

以花叶千年木(Dracaena fragrans cv. Massangeana Hort.)的花被筒、花序分枝轴和花序轴为外植体成功地诱导了花序的直接再生. 3种外植体首先在MS附加1.0 mg/L 6-BA和0.5-0.8mg/L 2,4-D的培养基上诱导形成愈伤组织,然后转移到MS附加0.5 mg/L 6-BA和0.005～0.5 mg/L 2,4-D的培养基上分别诱导了花序的直接再生.观察了愈伤组织形成和花序分化的形态学过程.     

盐地碱蓬幼嫩花序的组织培养及植株再生

选用盐地碱蓬(Suaedasalsa)幼嫩花序为外植体,建立了快速而高效的离体培养体系。在附加1.0mg.L-16-BA和0.4mg.L-1IAA的MS培养基上培养25天可诱导出不定芽,诱导频率达到82.1%;不定芽在此培养基上可快速扩增和长期继代培养。不定芽转至MS培养基中培养2￣3周生根形成完整植株。     

Plant Regeneration from Cell and Protoplast Cultures of Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa Hybrid

Starting materials used in these experiments were taken from Triticum aestivum-Hay-naldia villosa hybrid embryo-derived callus, which had been maintained for nearly two years. To establish suspension cultures, the callus was subcultured till its compact texture became friable, and then shaken in a liquid medium. Upon transferring the suspended cells onto a semisolid medium, high frequency of plant regeneration was achieved.