红鳍东方鲀MIF基因的鉴定及生物信息学分析

巨噬细胞游走抑制因子（macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF）,最早是在1966年研究迟发型超敏反应中发现的细胞因子。Weiser等于1989年首次克隆了人M1F基因。Bernhagen等发现,当垂体前叶细胞暴露于内毒素脂多糖（LPS）后,就会释放MIF分子,表明MIF是联系内分泌和免疫系统的中介因子。     

渤海水母体细菌的微生态分布及弧菌生物学特性

采用稀平板法对我国辽宁渤海海域水母体中细菌的微生态分布进行了考察,结果表明,在渤海水母体中各部位均有腐生性细菌及弧菌生长,其中腐生性细菌主要存在于水母体现,而弧菌除存在于水母体表外,有的则能在水母体内深层生长,水母体细菌微生态研究结果表明,弧菌的占细菌总数的90％以上,通过改进TCBAS培养基,从水母体中分离得到6株优势类群的细菌,对其菌落特征、菌体形态、生理生化特性进行了研究,它们都具备弧菌属的共同特点：革兰氏阴性,氧化酶阳性,兼性厌氧,TCBS培养基上能生长,对O／129敏感,初步鉴定为弧菌属,研究还发现,这几株菌都能产蛋白酶,其中JF2、JF4、JF5、JF6产蛋白酶的能力明显较强,它们极有可能是导致水母捕捞后快速解体腐败的主要原因。     

红鳍东方鲀特异性免疫相关基因的研究进展

红鳍东方(Takifugu rubripes)是我国北方重要的经济鱼类,但随着人工养殖规模的扩大,红鳍东方的病害越来越突出,给红鳍东方的生产造成了影响。因此,对红鳍东方免疫相关基因的研究意义十分重大。综述红鳍东方特异性免疫相关基因的研究进展。     

红鳍东方鲀精原干细胞鉴定、分离及纯化

为获得高比例精原干细胞, 开展了不同月龄红鳍东方鲀精原干细胞分离纯化研究。采用组合酶消化法制备不同月龄的精巢单细胞悬液, 通过形态学观察和生殖细胞特异基因vasa免疫荧光鉴别精原干细胞, Percoll不连续梯度(10%、30%和50%)纯化精原干细胞。结果显示: 14月龄雄鱼精巢生殖细胞主要为A型精原细胞, 精原干细胞占比极显著性地高于22月龄(P<0.05)。纯化后精原干细胞主要分布在10%—30% Percoll梯度带中, 14月龄雄鱼生殖细胞主要分布在此层, 且纯化后精原干细胞占比远高于纯化前以及22月龄纯化前后。结果表明, 14月龄更适用组合酶消化分离, 并通过Percoll梯度离心法获得高比例的红鳍东方鲀精原干细胞。     

红鳍东方鲀干扰素γ基因的原核表达北大核心CSCD

旨在探究一种简单高效的获取重组红鳍东方鲀IFNγ蛋白的方法。提取红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)肾脏组织的总RNA,并以其为模板进行RT-PCR扩增干扰素γ(IFNγ)基因序列。将IFNγ成熟肽序列与表达载体p ET-32a(+)相连,成功构建了重组表达载体PET-32a-IFNγ。将其转化入E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞后获得了重组表达IFNγ的基因工程菌。经IPTG诱导,p ET-32a-IFNγ在BL21中得到了表达。通过对表达产物的纯化和Western blotting检测,结果显示红鳍东方鲀IFNγ基因在大肠杆菌中的表达准确,且目的蛋白表达量较高。     

重组白介素2对红鳍东方鲀的血液生化指标及免疫指标的影响

为研究重组白介素2(Recombinant interleukin-2,r IL-2)对红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)血液生化指标及免疫指标的影响,选用体重为(205.9±30.5)g的红鳍东方鲀进行了重组白介素2的免疫应答实验。设计r IL-2免疫剂量为2.5、5、7.5、10μg,并在免疫后的4 h、8 h和12 h进行采血。结果表明:经r IL-2免疫后红鳍东方鲀血清中尿素氮含量在各个浓度组的8 h时间点显著高于同组内其它时间点(P<0.05),4 h时间点甘油三酯含量有随着免疫浓度增加而增加的趋势,谷草转氨酶活性在8 h时间点要显著高于其他时间点(P<0.05),2.5μg、5μg浓度组过氧化氢酶的活性在4 h时间点显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),对免疫球蛋白的含量也有显著影响。本研究发现,r IL-2的免疫可引起血液生化指标和免疫指标的变化,尤其是超氧化物歧化酶和谷草转氨酶的变化较为显著(P<0.05),可在一定程度上促进红鳍东方鲀的免疫反应。     

投喂频率对红鳍东方鲀生长和行为的影响

以红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)幼鱼为实验对象,研究在日投喂量相同的条件下,不同投喂频率[3次/d(F3)、4次/d(F4)和5次/d(F5)]对幼鱼生长和行为的影响。结果表明:(1) F4组幼鱼的生长性能显著高于F3和F5组(P<0.05);(2)在实验结束时,不同处理组幼鱼的游泳速度差异显著,从大到小依次为F4>F3>F5(P<0.05),F4组幼鱼的角速度显著高于F3和F5组(P<0.05), F4组幼鱼的加速度和活跃度显著低于F3和F5组(P<0.05), F3组幼鱼的对象间距离显著高于F4和F5组(P<0.05);(3) GLMMs的结果表明, F4组幼鱼的游速受到实验时间与投喂频率交互效应的影响显著(P<0.05),各处理组之间的比较结果显示,实验时间和投喂频率的交互效应对F5组幼鱼的加速度有正向效果,但其显著降低了F5组幼鱼的对象间距离。综上所述,不同投喂频率对幼鱼的生长性能和行为表现具有显著影响。实验推测4次/d的投喂频率可能改变了幼鱼的能量分配,更多的能量被用于生长和游泳,使得幼鱼的生长性能有所提高,并...     

红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)MC4R基因的多态性分析

采用PCR-SSCP(single strand conformation polymorphism)技术和DNA测序方法分析红鳍东方鲀MC4R(Melanocortin-4receptor)基因编码区多态性。在MC4R基因编码区48 nt和264 nt均发生了碱基的转换突变(G→A),两个突变位点分别位于M1和M2引物扩增产物中。引物M1扩增产物SSCP分析得到两种基因型:AA基因型和AB基因型,并且AA基因型和A等位基因频率明显高于AB基因型和B等位基因。引物M2扩增产物也得到两种基因型:CC基因型和CD基因型,CC基因型和C等位基因频率明显高于CD基因型和D等位基因。遗传变异结果分析表明,两个突变位点均属于低度多态性,而且群体遗传杂合度较低,反映了该群体的遗传一致性较高。     

基于轻量级卷积神经网络的红鳍东方鲀个体身份无损识别方法

文章充分利用红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)体侧纹理特征提出了一种基于轻量级卷积神经网络的鱼类个体身份识别方法,可在无损前提下实现红鳍东方鲀个体身份的高精度识别。首先,采用SOLOv2模型进行前景分割,并结合红鳍东方鲀体型特点,通过质心和哈希值计算方法完成数据集生成和筛选;随后,从多维度分别测试主流深度学习图像分类骨干网络和不同损失函数在红鳍东方鲀身份识别中的效果;继而,在MobileNet v2骨干网络基础上,耦合Softmax Loss函数,建立了一种适用于红鳍东方鲀的个体身份无损识别的最优组合方法。研究结果表明,文章方法准确率可达90.2%,优于其他相关主流方法(准确率73.6%—89.3%),相关研究成果将为循环水养殖鱼类个体身份无损识别和精准生物量估算提供技术支撑。     

红鳍东方鲀不同生长时期脑和肌肉的转录组比较分析

红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)是中国北方重要的海水养殖鱼类.本研究通过Illumina测序技术对13月龄和15月龄红鳍东方鲀的脑组织和肌肉组织共12个样本进行了转录组测序与分析.结果表明:在脑组织样本中平均共得到5 510万条原始reads,在肌肉组织样本中平均共得到5 482万条原始reads.在1...     

Light and electron microscopic study on the endocrine cells of the pancreas in a marine teleost,Fugu rubripes rubripes

Summary The pancreatic endocrine tissue of Fugu rubripes rubripes consists of numerous round principal islets (Brockmann bodies) of various sizes scattered around the gall-bladder. The endocrine cells are divided into A-, B-, D-, and F_f-cells. Each cell type was identified by comparing thick and thin sections in both light and electron microscopy. Aldehyde-fuchsin positive B-cells contain numerous round secretory granules (average diameter 300 nm) each of which has a round compact core of moderate density; a narrow space exists between this core and the limiting membrane. Grimelius' silver positive A cells contain round secretory granules (average diameter 360 nm) with a hexagonal or tetragonal crystalline core (average diameter 170 nm) of high density; the silver grains preferentially appear in the space between the limiting membrane and the core. The crystalline core of each -granule often contains an appendix-like structure of variable shape. D cells blackened by the silver impregnation method of Hellman and Hellerström (1960) have round secretory granules (average diameter 320 nm) filled with a flocculent material of low density. The fourth cell type (F_f-cell) has a clear cytoplasm after differential staining for light microscopy. By electron microscopy, this cell has elongated fusiform secretory granules (520 nm average length × 230 nm average width) filled with numerous filaments arranged in parallel with the longitudinal axis. Figures suggesting granule formation in the sacs of the Golgi apparatus were obtained in all of islet cell types. Equivalents of emiocytotic release of secretory granules were encountered in the A and F_f cells.     

Identification of novel tropomyosin 1 genes of pufferfish (Fugu rubripes) on genomic sequences and tissue distribution of their transcripts

Fugu genome database enabled us to identify two novel tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) genes through in silico data mining and isolation of their corresponding cDNAs in vivo. The duplicate TPM1 genes in Japanese pufferfish Fugu rubripes suggest that additional an ancient segmental duplication or whole genome duplication occurred in fish lineage, which, like many other reported Fugu genes, showed reduction in genomic size in comparison with their human homologue. Computer analysis predicted that the coiled-coil probabilities, that were thought to be the most major function of TPM, were the same between the two TPM1 isoforms. We confirmed that the tissue expression profiles of the two TPM1 genes differed from each other, which implied that changes in expression pattern could fix duplicated TPM1 genes although the two TPM1 isoforms appear to have similar function.     

陕西府谷自然保护区杜松种群的空间分布格局及其动态

采用方差/均值比率法和5个聚集度指标研究了陕西府谷自然保护区杜松(Juniperus rigida Sieb.etZucc.)种群15个样地的空间分布格局及动态特征。结果表明,杜松种群的空间分布格局为聚集分布,其v/m值、负二项参数、聚块性指数、丛生指数、平均拥挤度和Morisita指数分别为1.98、1.84、1.54、0.98、2.79和1.54。随着径级的增大,聚块性指数逐渐减小,种群的聚集程度也减小,Ⅶ级大树呈随机分布,该种群表现出明显的扩散趋势。调查发现,人为干扰对杜松种群的空间分布格局有较大影响。     

Identification and analysis of cis-regulatory elements in development using comparative genomics with the pufferfish, Fugu rubripes

The control of vertebrate development is facilitated by cis-regulatory sequences hardwired into the genome. Given that many developmental processes are strikingly similar across all backboned animals, it is reasonable to expect these sequences to be conserved at the nucleotide level, their potential for mutation being constrained by their function. Comparison between the genomes of highly divergent organisms allows such sequences to be identified and some of the most successful approaches have compared regions from the pufferfish, Fugu rubripes, with its distant mammalian relatives, rodents and humans. This review describes progress made in this kind of comparison, from small regions of individual genes, to whole genome alignments.     

不同水温条件下暗纹东方鲀催产过程中的行为学观察

１　引　言暗纹东方鲀（Ｆｕｇｕｏｂｓｃｕｒｕｓ）是江海洄游性鱼类,每年春季溯江而上进行生殖洄游,近年来由于野蛮捕捞,长江中,下游渔获量正以数倍的速率下降,１９９８年的产量已经不足５０００尾,其价格已达３６００元·ｋｇ－１。为了保护这一宝贵资源和发展暗纹东方鲀的养殖业,从１９９５年以来我们着力进行了该鱼种的人繁研究工作,并于１９９６年在国内首先获得了人繁育苗１．０×１０５尾可进行规模化生产的突破性进展。１９９７年４月结合人繁的生产过程,我们对三批亲鱼在不同水温条件下催产后的行为进行了详细的观察研究…     

温度、溶解氧对暗纹东方tun幼鱼呼吸频率的影响

暗纹东方鱼屯 (Ｆｕｇｕｏｂｓｃｕｒｕｓ)系硬骨鱼纲 ,鱼屯形目 ,鱼屯科 ,属江海洄游性鱼类。因其有较高的经济价值 ,近年来在华东地区已迅速发展成规模化 ,集约化的淡水养殖 ,获得了较大的经济效益和社会效益[1] 。开展暗纹东方鱼屯生理、生态学方面的研究对促进养殖技术进一步完善有着重要的意义。本文以温度 ,溶解氧两项理化因子对暗纹东方鱼屯幼鱼呼吸频率的影响作了测定和分析 ,并对其影响呼吸频率变化的规律作了初步探讨 ,在理论上和生产实践中都有一定的参考价值。1　材料和方法1.1　材料实验用鱼系当年长江产野生种鱼经人工授精孵…     

机体微生态变化及炎症因子表达在支气管扩张症中的预警作用初步分析

摘要 目的：初步探讨与分析机体微生态变化及炎症因子表达在支气管扩张症中的预警作用。方法：2020年6月1日-2022年3月31日选择在本院诊治的支气管扩张患者100例作为支气管扩张组,同期选择本院体检中心招募50例体检人员作为对照组。测定支气管扩张组及对照组的第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）,用力肺活量（FVC）,血清炎性细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α含量以及外周血炎性标记物中性粒细胞（NEU）,C-反应蛋白（CRP）。将完成电子气管镜检查的患者分为急性加重期组（A组）及稳定期组（B组）,同时测定A组B组肺泡灌洗液的细菌丰度并进行相关性分析。结果：支气管扩张组的FEV₁、FVC都明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。支气管扩张组中急性加重期支气管扩张患者43例,稳定期支气管患者扩张例57例。支气管扩张组的血IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α、NEU、CRP明显高于对照组（P<0.05）,且在急性加重时增高更明显。100例支气管扩张患者中完成电子气管镜检查的患者61例,分为急性加重期组（A组）30例及稳定期组（B组）31例,A组流感嗜血杆菌丰度明显高于B组（P<0.05）,A组铜绿假单胞菌丰度与B组无显著差异（P＞0.05）。在支气管扩张组及对照组150例入选者中,Spearsman分析显示血IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α、NEU、CRP与支气管扩张存在相关性（P<0.05）,在61例支气管扩张患者中,流感嗜血杆菌丰度与支气管扩张急性加重存在相关性（P<0.05）。COX比例风险回归模型分析显示血IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α、NEU、CRP都可能为导致支气管扩张发生的重要预警因子（P<0.05）。流感嗜血杆菌丰度可能为导致支气管扩张急性加重的重要预警因子（P<0.05）。结论：支气管扩张可导致患者肺功能下降,多伴随有血清炎性细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α含量的高表达以及外周血炎症标记物NEU、CRP的增高,且在急性加重时的表达和增高更明显,该因子都可能为导致支气管扩张发生的重要预警因子。支气管扩张患者肺泡灌洗液中可含有大量铜绿假单胞菌、流感嗜血杆菌,流感嗜血杆菌丰度可能为导致支气管扩张急性加重的重要预警因子,铜绿假单胞菌丰度却与支气管扩张急性加重无显著相关。     

中药金汁和粪菌移植液的菌群结构特征

摘要：目的 明确中药金汁的菌群结构和数量,阐明金汁和粪菌移植液的菌群差异。方法 课题组在福建省泉州市花桥慈济宫采集了金汁样本9份,在宁夏标准粪菌移植库制备粪菌移植液9份。采用宏基因组学16S rRNA技术对9份金汁和9份粪菌移植液样本的菌群进行检测。结果 金汁和粪菌移植液在门、纲、目、科、属和种等不同生物学等级进行对照研究,发现丰富度差异较大的10个菌属,金汁中的变形菌从门、纲、目、属和种等不同层级的丰富度均高于粪菌移植液(t=2.647 1,P=0.003 2)。金汁中的厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、梭杆菌门和放线菌门的丰富度明显低于粪菌移植液（t=2.824 9、2.782 1、3.684 5、2.735 4,均P<0.01,）。结论 中医金汁的菌群生物学特征明显不同于现代的粪菌移植液。     

Retinal development and the expression profiles of opsin genes during larval development in Takifugu rubripes

The light-sensitive capacity of fish larvae is determined by the structure of the retina and the opsins expressed in the retinal and nonretinal photoreceptors. In this study, the retinal structure and expression of opsin genes during the early developmental stage of Takifugu rubripes larvae were investigated. Histological examination showed that at 1 days after hatching (dah), seven layers were observed in the retina of T. rubripes larva, including the pigment epithelial layer [retinal pigment epithelium layer (RPE)], photoreceptor layer (PRos/is), outer nuclear layer (ONL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL). At 2 dah, optic fibre layer (OFL) can be observed, and all eight layers were visible in the retina. By measuring the thickness of each layer, opposing developmental trends were found in the thickness of ONL, OPL, INL, IPL, GCL and OFL. The nuclear density of ONL, INL and GCL and the ratios of ONL/INL, ONL/GCL and INL/GCL were also measured and the ratio of ONL/GCL ranged from 1.9 at 2 dah to 3.4 at 8 dah and no significant difference was observed between the different developmental stages (P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed for the INL/GCL ratio between the different developmental stages, which ranged from 1.2 at 2 dah to 2.0 at 18 dah (P > 0.05). The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that the expression of RH1, LWS, RH2-1, RH2-2, SWS2, rod opsin, opsin3 and opsin5 could be detected from 1 dah. These results suggest that the well-developed retina and early expression of the opsins of T. rubripes during the period of transition from endogenous to mixed feeding might be critical for vision-based survival skills during the early life stages after hatching.