南京地区药用植物资源调查

对南京地区的药用植物资源进行了初步调查,据植物分类学统计,南京地区有药用植物107科281属357种,其中蕨类植物12科12属12种,种子植物95科269属345种.对数种江苏特产和稀有的药用植物进行了介绍.     

鄞州五龙潭风景区药用植物资源的利用与保护

通过实地调查、访问、查阅资料等方法及对浙江医药高等专科学校标本室的标本查阅,已知鄞州五龙潭现有药用植物资源123科,481种;包括真菌3种,苔藓2种,蕨类植物27种,种子植物449种;据生态习性分有乔木52种,灌木99种,多年生草本116种,一、二年生草本158种,藤本56种;有常用中草药124种,以根和根茎类中草药最多,有41种,其次为全草类中草药,有38种。基本摸清了五龙潭常用中草药资源的利用情况。分析了药用植物资源被破坏的主要原因。提出了对药用植物资源进行保护的具体措施。     

甘肃黄芪属药用植物资源

目的:调查甘肃省黄芪属药用植物资源,为该属植物资源的开发利用提供科学依据.方法:深入甘肃各地进行实地调查、采集标本和分类鉴定,并查阅和核对主要标本馆的腊叶标本.结果:初步研究,甘肃省有13种1亚种药用黄芪属植物,记述了它们在省内的分布、生境和药用价值,并编制了检索表.结论:甘肃黄芪属植物资源丰富,有待进一步研究,开发利用.     

九节属药用植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展

九节属植物(Psychotria)是我国南方常用中草药。文献调研表明,关于我国境内本属植物相关化学成分及药理作用研究报道很少。为进一步研究开发Psychotria属药用植物资源,对其化学成分及药理作用进行综述,为其深入开发打下基础。     

神奇植物 济世良方

从药用植物中提取抗癌或者治疗其他疾病的新药,是全球众多科学家热衷研究的课题。我国的药用植物资源丰富,一些特有的药用植物如红豆杉、海南粗榧、灵芝等创造了医药界中美丽的“仙草神话”。因而,从中草药尤其是中国特有的植物中探索新药,前景广阔。     

神奇植物 济世良方

从药用植物中提取抗癌或者治疗其他疾病的新药,是全球众多科学家热衷研究的课题。我国的药用植物资源丰富,一些特有的药用植物如红豆杉、海南粗榧、灵芝等创造了医药界中美丽的“仙草神话”。因而,从中草药尤其是中国特有的植物中探索新药,前景广阔。     

植物原生质体培养技术在药用植物中的应用

我国是世界上使用和出口药用植物资源最多的国家,到目前为止,大多数中草药仍然依靠传统的大田栽培及野生资源的采挖等手段获取,这些获取方法不仅生产周期长,而且会导致部分特色植物资源因过度采挖而濒临灭绝,造成药用植物的产量与其活性成分无法满足人们日益增长的需求.原生质体培养技术是利用植物细胞快速增殖的一种种质资源保护方法,可以...     

甘肃香茶菜属药用植物资源分布及其利用对策

目的：调查统计甘肃省香茶菜属药用植物资源,为该属植物资源的合理开发利用提供科学依据。方法：野外调查、采集标本和查阅相关文献资料。结果：经初步研究,甘肃省有12种该属植物,记述了它们在省内的主要分布范围及药用价值。结论：甘肃东南部香茶菜属植物资源较为丰富,有待进一步研究,并提出了相应的开发保护措施。     

中国减肥植物资源初步研究

本文应用植物资源学的研究方法 ,对目前国内市场上常见的药物减肥产品进行了调查 ,并对其所用的药用植物进行了归类研究 ,结合《本草纲目》中的所记载的减肥药方 ,遴选出此类植物 38种 ,隶属于 2 5科。作者根据其减肥作用机理和中药分类方法将这些植物归为 7类。每类选取 1种代表植物 ,即消食类 :山楂等 ;化痰类 :绞股蓝等 ;利水渗湿类 :茯苓等 ;泻下类 :大黄等 ;解表类 :柴胡等 ;理气类 :陈皮等 ;活血祛瘀类 :丹参等。就其主要形态特征、群落类型、地理分布、化学成分和药用功效、采收加工、资源利用等进行较为详细的说明 ,旨在初步弄清我国减肥药用植物资源种类和分布 ,并对保护和开发利用这些资源提出建议     

紫堇属藏药的药用民族植物学研究

紫堇属植物在藏药中具有较悠久的历史,而且随着历史的发展藏医所使用的该属药用植物的种类也在不断增加.本文采用药用民族植物学研究中的文献研究法,对文献中有关藏医用该属药用植物资源的利用情况进行了整理和分析.结果发现,藏医对该属植物的命名具有一定的规律,但目前还没有人对此进行系统研究;不同地区的藏医在使用该属药用植物资源中存在着一定程度的差异,这可能与不同地区该属的种类分布不同有关;该属藏药植物中藏医主要用于治疗止血、肝胆疾病和流感等疾病.与丰富的该属植物种类相比,并结合藏医的利用情况,从该属植物中寻找新的药用资源具有一定的潜力.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.