红芪、黄芪及配伍当归对环磷酰胺所致血虚模型小鼠的干预作用

目的：观察红芪、黄芪及配伍当归对环磷酰胺（CTX）所致血虚模型小鼠的干预作用。方法：昆明种小鼠随机分为7组,每组10只。采用CTX复制小鼠血虚模型,正常组与模型组小鼠用生理盐水灌胃,阳性对照组小鼠给予驴胶补血颗粒,四个给药组分别灌胃红芪、黄芪、红芪-当归组（5：1）及黄芪-当归组（5：1）,连续灌胃7 d后,采用血细胞分析仪测定各组小鼠外周红细胞（RBC）、淋巴细胞（LYM）、红细胞压积（HCT）、白细胞（WBC）、血小板（PLT）,取脾脏、胸腺、股骨,计算脾脏指数（SI）、胸腺指数（TI）的变化,进行网织红细胞计数（RC）、骨髓有核细胞计数,并对股骨进行病理切片观察。结果：与正常组比较,模型组小鼠RBC、WBC、HCT、PLT、LYM等含量均降低（P<0.05）,与模型组比较,红芪及不同配伍各组小鼠中SI、TI均显著升高（P<0.05）,红芪-当归组及黄芪-当归组可显著提高外周RBC、HCT、WBC、PLT、LYM的含量（P<0.05）,可升高RC及骨髓有核细胞数量（P<0.05）,股骨病理切片显示有所改善。结论：红芪-当归（5：1）与黄芪-当归（5：1）配伍对血虚模型小鼠的改善作用及补血作用优于红芪、黄芪的单独作用,黄芪-当归（5：1）效果更佳。     

《伤寒论》中甘草方剂应用特点及配伍应用的规律探讨

《伤寒论》中霍乱病篇、六经病篇以及瘥后劳复病篇会广泛应用甘草,多用于寒证、表证、虚实夹杂病证及虚证等,少用于实证、热证中与湿热证中,攻逐、急下、涌吐、收敛固涩类方证及清利湿热中不用。本研究通过分析甘草的品种产地、性味归经、功效主治、《伤寒论》关于甘草方剂的应用、甘草配伍情况、应用禁忌、甘草用于表里寒热虚实病证治疗分析以及甘草和其它药物配伍相关性,探讨伤寒论》中甘草方剂应用特点及配伍应用的规律,以期能够实现甘草的最佳应用效果。     

当归栽培及加工技术

本文对当归的形态特征、分布区域、药用价值,特别是当归的栽培及加工技术进行了详细的论述,以期为当归的生产提供一项实用技术.     

mGluR5参与睡眠剥夺抗抑郁作用的研究进展

抑郁症,又称抑郁障碍,是一种常见的心理疾病。其属于高发疾病之一,严重影响着患者的生活质量,也给家庭及社会带来巨大负担。目前对于抑郁症的治疗,虽有多种手段,但基于传统的抗抑郁药物及一般的非药物治疗手段,都不能令人满意,治疗办法仍需创新。因此迫切需要作用更加突出,效果更加明显的新一代治疗策略。目前越来越多的证据表明:谷氨酸调节可迅速缓解难治性患者的抑郁症状,其中代谢型谷氨酸受体5(metabotropic glutamate receptor 5,mGluR5)是谷氨酸能系统的关键组成部分,在抑郁症病理生理过程中发挥着重要作用,同时它也参与了睡眠调节系统对抑郁症的调控。本文就mGluR5参与睡眠剥夺快速抗抑郁效果的研究进展做一综述。     

光疗抗抑郁及其作用机制的研究进展

抑郁症是以显著而持久的情绪或心境低落为主要表现的精神疾病.在各种治疗抑郁症的手段中,光疗因副作用小、成本低而受到越来越多的关注.光疗作为一种物理治疗方法,利用人工光源或自然光源,通过不同时长和不同强度的光线照射达到防治疾病和辅助治疗的目的.动物实验和临床试验均验证了光疗能有效缓解抑郁症状.然而,目前光疗抗抑郁作用的神经...     

当归内酯对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的重建作用(英文)

探讨当归内酯(ASDL)对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的重构作用。通过小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺建立免疫抑制动物模型。采用免疫器官重量法和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验检测了ASDL对非特异性免疫功能的影响;用血清溶血素分光光度法检测了对体液免疫功能的作用;用MTT法进行了致分裂原诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增值反应实验,再用乳酸脱氢酶法测定了NK和CTL细胞活性,从而确定ASDL对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响。结果表明:ASDL能够对免疫低下小鼠的非特性和特异性免疫功能起到一定的重构作用。但是这种效果并不是剂量依赖性的,20 mg/kg这个剂量的效果明显好于5和80 mg/kg这两个剂量。上述结果表明ASDL能够显著提高免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能。     

当归油化学成分及其神经保护作用研究

为研究当归油化学成分,及其对氯化钴诱导PC12神经细胞损伤的保护作用,采用硅胶柱层析、制备薄层层析和半制备高效液相色谱等方法对化学成分进行富集,并根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结合氯化钴损伤PC12神经细胞模型,利用MTT法、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力测定法,以及Hoechst染色法对当归油及单体成分进行活性评价。研究结果显示从当归油中共获得6个单体化合物,分别鉴定为匙叶桉油烯醇(1)、(-)-(S)-1-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-乙基甲基醚(2)、苯戊酮(3)、2,5-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯(4)、邻苯二甲酸单甲酯(5)、香草醛(6)。其中化合物2的构型为首次报道,化合物2、4、5均为首次从当归油中分离得到。活性评价结果为当归油和化合物2在一定浓度下均能显著提高细胞存活率,降低细胞内乳酸脱氢酶水平,抑制PC12细胞损伤性凋亡。本文通过对当归油化学成分及其神经保护作用研究,发现了活性先导芳香族化合物,为进一步阐明当归油神经保护作用奠定了物质基础,提供了科学依据。     

柴胡皂苷A抗抑郁的靶点识别及作用研究

中药柴胡具有改善抑郁患者临床治疗效果的作用,柴胡皂苷A(saikosaponin A,SSA)是柴胡主要药效成分,本研究以SSA为研究对象,利用慢性不可预知性温和应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress, CUMS)模型小鼠悬尾(tail suspension test, TST)和强迫游泳实验(forced swimming test, FST)明确SSA的抗抑郁作用。利用计算机分子对接技术分析并验证SSA的作用靶点,并利用细胞热转移测定实验(cellular thermal shift assay, CETSA)和药物亲和力靶稳定性实验(drug affinity responsive target stability, DARTS)验证SSA的靶标;采用Western blotting等技术研究SSA的抗抑郁作用机制。CUMS模型TST和FST结果表明,与模型组相比,SSA能够显著缩短小鼠的不动时间,表明SSA具有显著的抗抑郁作用。计算机分子对接证明了SSA与催产素受体(oxytocin receptor, OXTR)结合效果较好,表明SSA抗抑郁...     

东当归对四氯化碳及乙醇性肝损伤的保护作用

研究东当归水提取物对四氯化碳及乙醇所致小鼠SGPT和SGOT活性升高的影响。在四氯化碳及乙醇所致小鼠急性肝损伤的血清中检测SGPT和SGOT值。结果表明,37．5％、75．0％和150．0％东当归水提物在体内显著抑制四氯化碳及乙醇所致小鼠SGPT值和／或SGOT值升高。东当归水提取物对小鼠四氯化碳及乙醇性肝损伤具有保护作用。     

当归及其混淆品独活、欧当归的紫外鉴别

为寻找当归及其混淆品独活、欧当归的紫外吸收光谱鉴别特征，采用紫外谱线组法对三者在不同极性溶剂中的紫外吸收光谱图进行比较。结果表明，当归和独活在四种极性溶剂中均存在明显差异，而当归和欧当归仅在无水乙醇和蒸馏水溶剂中鉴别差异显著。紫外谱线组法可以鉴别当归及其混淆品独活、欧当归。     

地塞米松当归多糖前体药在大鼠胃肠道内容物中的释药特性

目的:探讨以当归多糖为载体的地塞米松前体药在大鼠胃肠道内容物中的释药特性,考察其结肠靶向性。方法:将前体药与大鼠胃肠道不同部位内容物稀释液于37℃共同孵育,不同时间点取样,高效液相色谱法检测释放的地塞米松(dexamethasone, DEX)及地塞米松琥珀酸单酯(dexamethasone hemisuccinate,DSH)。结果:前体药在大鼠胃肠道各部位内容物稀释孵育液中均有DEX及DSH释放;DEX在小肠近端的释放量最大,在结肠和盲肠中的释放量次之,在胃和小肠远端的释放量较小;DSH在结肠和盲肠中的释放量大,在胃、小肠近端和小肠远端释放量小;在160min孵育时间时,DEX和DSH在结肠和盲肠中的释放总量是在胃、小肠近端和小肠远端释放总量的1．95倍。结论:以当归多糖为载体的地塞米松前体药具有一定的结肠靶向释药特性,有可能用作局部治疗结肠炎的结肠靶向药物。     

不同剂量当归口服对硫化钠致小鼠斑秃模型的影响

目的:探讨当归口服对硫化钠致小鼠斑秃模型的影响及其可能机制。方法:将50只雄性KM小鼠随机均分为空白对照组、模型组和当归高、中、低剂量组,每组10只。模型组和当归高、中、低剂量组均以8%硫化钠酒精溶液局部外涂建立斑秃模型,当归高、中、低剂量组予以不同剂量当归煎剂灌胃,空白对照组和模型组予以等体积生理盐水灌胃,每天1次,连续7 d。采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)和苏木-伊红素(HE)染色法分别检测小鼠血清白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平和单位视野毛囊数,同时对小鼠背部脱毛区毛发生长情况进行评分。结果:模型组毛发生长评分、单位视野毛囊数及血清IL-10水平均显著低于空白对照组(P0.05)。与模型组比较,高、中、低剂量组毛发生长评分、单位视野毛囊数及血清IL-10水平均显著高于模型组(P0.05)。中剂量组组毛发生长评分明显高于高、低剂量组(P0.05),低剂量组评分与高剂量组毛发生长评分、单位视野毛囊数及血清IL-10水平比较无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:口服当归对硫化钠致斑秃小鼠模型有生发作用,且以中剂量效果最佳,其生发作用可能与提高血清IL-10水平有关。     

Structural Characterization of an Alkali-Soluble Polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis and Its Antitumor Activity in Vivo

A novel alkali-soluble polysaccharide (AASP) was isolated from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels under aqueous alkali treatment, and its structural characterization and antitumor activity in Vivo were evaluated in present study. Results of HPGPC and IC revealed that AASP was a neutral polysaccharide containing Ara, Gal and Glc in the mole ratio of 1.00 : 2.26 : 24.43, with the average molecular weight of 4.7 kDa. Periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation, FT-IR, and NMR analyses further demonstrated that a preliminary structure of AASP was proposed as follows: (1→3)-linked arabinose, (1→6)-linked galactose, and (1→), (1→4), (1→6), (1→3,6)-linked glucose with α- and β-configuration. In Vivo antitumor assays, AASP exhibited prominent antitumor effects on H22 hepatoma cells with an inhibitory ratio of 48.57 % and effectively protected thymuses and spleens of tumor-bearing mice. Besides, AASP displayed a proliferation stimulating activity of immunocytes (splenocytes, peritoneal macrophages and natural killer cells), and an auxo-action for cytokines release (TNF-α, IL-2 and IFN-γ), leading to the apoptosis of H22 solid tumors cells via G0/G1 phase arrested. The above data demonstrated that AASP holds great application potential to be a safe and effective antitumor supplement in the future.     

Immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide isolated from Angelica sinensis

The immunomodulatory activities of an Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (AP), purified from the fresh root of A. sinensis Diels, were investigated in vitro in relation to the specificity to immune cells. AP consisted of rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucose, galactose with the molar ratio of 1.00:4.54:2.98:11.09:7.45. Cell proliferation results showed that proliferation of total spleen cells, macrophages and T cells were promoted by the action of AP. The treatment of AP increased the production of IL-2 and IFN-γ, while that of IL-4 was decreased. RT-PCR analysis displayed that the IL-2 and IFN-γ gene expression were enhanced but the IL-4 gene expression was decreased. Some differences in cytokines secretion pattern were also detected, the expression of IFN-γ was rapidly augmented while that of IL-2 responded later. The flow cytometry results showed that the percentage of CD4⁺T cell in total spleen cells was remarkably increased by AP, while that of CD8⁺T cell was slightly decreased. In conclusion, AP has immunomodulatory activity by regulating expression of Th1 and Th2 related cytokines. The time–effect relation of cytokines response also suggests that macrophages and natural killer cells involved in nonspecific immunity were primary activated, and helper T cell were secondarily affected by AP.     

The natural compound n-butylidenephthalide derived from Angelica sinensis inhibits malignant brain tumor growth in vitro and in vivo

The naturally-occurring compound, n-butylidenephthalide (BP), which is isolated from the chloroform extract of Angelica sinensis (AS-C), has been investigated with respect to the treatment of angina. In this study, we have examined the anti-tumor effects of n-butylidenephthalide on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) brain tumors both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, GBM cells were treated with BP, and the effects of proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis were determined. In vivo, DBTRG-05MG, the human GBM tumor, and RG2, the rat GBM tumor, were injected subcutaneously or intracerebrally with BP. The effects on tumor growth were determined by tumor volumes, magnetic resonance imaging and survival rate. Here, we report on the potency of BP in suppressing growth of malignant brain tumor cells without simultaneous fibroblast cytotocixity. BP up-regulated the expression of Cyclin Kinase Inhibitor (CKI), including p21 and p27, to decrease phosphorylation of Rb proteins, and down-regulated the cell-cycle regulators, resulting in cell arrest at the G(0)/G(1) phase for DBTRG-05MG and RG2 cells, respectively. The apoptosis-associated proteins were dramatically increased and activated by BP in DBTRG-05MG cells and RG2 cells, but RG2 cells did not express p53 protein. In vitro results showed that BP triggered both p53-dependent and independent pathways for apoptosis. In vivo, BP not only suppressed growth of subcutaneous rat and human brain tumors but also, reduced the volume of GBM tumors in situ, significantly prolonging survival rate. These in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer effects indicate that BP could serve as a new anti-brain tumor drug.     

当归叶片光合参数日变化及其与环境因子的关系

在当归根茎膨大期,利用CI-310便携式光合仪,田间活体测定了当归的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)等光合生理生态因子,以及光合有效辐射(PAR)、田间CO2浓度(Ca)、相对湿度(RH)、大气温度(Ta)、叶温(TL)等环境因子的日变化。结果表明,当归Pn日变化曲线为"双峰"型,最高峰出现在10:00左右,次高峰出现在16:00左右,午间有明显的"午休"现象,气孔因素是导致其"午休"的主要原因。Tr、Gs和Ci的日变化曲线均为"双峰"型,最高峰出现在10:00,次高峰出现在17:00。当归叶片净光合速率随环境因子日变化最优逐步多元回归方程为yPn=14.3108 0.0076xPAR-0.5271xTL(R2=0.6601,P<0.05),TL和PAR是对光合速率直接影响最大的生态因子,而Ca、RH和Ta主要是通过TL而间接影响光合速率的变化。