瑞香狼毒根中的一个新化合物(英文)

从瑞香狼毒根中分离得到了7个化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定为:3-丁酰基-4-氨基肉桂酸乙酯(1)、阿魏酸(2)、香草酸(3)、姜黄素(4)、5'-去甲氧基-姜黄素(5)、3'-羟基-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷黄酮(6)、3-甲氧基-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苯甲酸(7),其中化合物1~3,6~7为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1为新化合物。     

鸦胆子果实的化学成分研究

为了解鸦胆子(Brucea javanica)的化学成分,从鸦胆子果实中分离得到13个已知化合物,经波谱学分析鉴定为：对羟基苯甲醛(1),对羟基苯甲酸(2),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(3),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯(4),没食子酸(5),丁香酸(6),二氢阿魏酸(7),毛地黄黄酮(8),angophorol (9),2β,6β,9β-trihydroxyclovane (10),硬脂酸(11),β-谷甾醇(12)和β-胡萝卜苷(13)。化合物2,4,6~10均系从鸦胆子果实中首次分离得到。     

钟花报春花的化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

从钟花报春花Primula sikkmensis Hook.中分离得到5个化合物,通过波谱分析其结构分别鉴定为5-羟基黄酮(1),2-苯基色原酮(2),5,8-二羟基黄酮(3),2’-羟基黄酮(4),3’-羟基-黄酮-4’-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)。其中化合物1～4首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物5首次从该植物中分离得到,并首次对3的NMR数据进行了归属。     

苦槛蓝叶中的黄酮类化合物

为了解苦槛蓝(Myoporum bontioides A.Gray)的化学成分,采用色谱分离技术从苦槛蓝叶片中分离得到11个黄酮类化合物。通过波谱分析,他们的结构分别鉴定为:桔皮素(1)、甜橙素(2)、5,4′-二羟基-6,7,8,3′-四甲氧基黄酮(3)、4′,5,7,8-四甲氧基黄酮(4)、去甲基川陈皮素(5)、5-羟基-6,7,3′,4′-四甲氧基黄酮(6)、3′,4′,5,6,7,8-六甲氧基黄酮(7)、二氢山柰酚(8)、木犀草素(9)、3′,4′,5,7-四羟基-3-甲氧基黄酮(10)和芹黄素(11)。除化合物9之外,其他化合物均为首次从苦槛蓝叶片中分离得到。孢子萌发法测定结果表明,化合物1,2,8和9对香蕉炭疽菌(Colletotrichum musae)具有较好的抑菌活性。这为苦槛蓝叶片中有效成分的利用提供了理论依据。     

鬼针草黄酮类化学成分及其抗脂质过氧化作用的研究

采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法对鬼针草乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分进行化学成分研究,并利用IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,MS等光谱技术鉴定其化学结构.从鬼针草中分离得到了6个黄酮类化合物,经鉴定分别为:5-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮(1)、山奈酚-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(2),槲皮素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(3)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(4),5,7,3‘,4‘-四羟基-3-甲氧基黄酮(5)和β-谷甾醇(6).这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分得.另外,针对分离得到的化合物进行测定小鼠血清MDA水平,SOD和GSH-Px活性,研究发现化合物2,3,4和5具有较强的抗脂质过氧化作用.     

芙蓉菊中黄酮类化学成分的研究

从菊科芙蓉菊属植物芙蓉菊的全草中分离得到六个黄酮类化合物,经光谱分析鉴定为:5,7-二羟基-3',4',5'-三甲氧基黄酮(1),粗毛豚草素(2),3',4'-二甲氧基-5',5,7,-三羟基黄酮(3),万寿菊黄索-3,6,7-三甲醚(4),石杉黄素(5),槲皮素-7-O-β-D.葡萄糖苷(6).这些黄酮类化合物皆为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

红背山麻杆化学成分的研究

采用柱色谱技术从红背山麻杆叶子的60％乙醇提取物中分离得到4个黄酮苷和2个其他类化合物.根据理化性质及波谱方法分别鉴定为:芹菜素-6-C-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、芹菜素-7-O-芸香糖苷(2)、芹菜素-7-O-β-(2″-O-α-鼠李糖基)葡萄糖醛酸苷(3)、木犀草素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、没食子酸乙酯(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6).以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物1～4为首次从山麻杆属中分离得到的黄酮苷.     

驼绒藜化学成分研究

从驼绒藜(Ceratoides latens)乙醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,经波谱分析将它们分别鉴定为香草酸(vanilic acid)(1),乙酰香子兰酮(acetovanillon)(2),三达右松脂-15-烯-8β,12β-二醇(sandaracopimar-15-en-8β,12β-diol)(3),5,7,3’,4’-四甲基槲皮素(5,7,3’,4’-tetramethyl quercitin)(4),小麦黄酮(tricin)(5),丁香亭3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(syringetin-3-O-β-D-glycopyranoside)(6),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)(7),胡萝卜苷(daucosterol)(8)和豆甾醇(stigmasterol)(9)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

藏药翁布的黄酮类化学成分研究

从藏药翁布(Myricaria germanica)的60%丙酮提取物中分离得到了11个黄酮类化合物,利用光谱、波谱分析法鉴定其结构分别为:35,,4’-三羟基-73,’-二甲氧基黄酮(1),3,5,4’-三羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(2),3,5,3’,4’-四羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(3),35,7,-三羟基-4’-甲氧基黄酮(4),柽柳素(5),山柰酚(6),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)5,,7,4’-三羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸(8),5,7,3’4,’-四羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸(9),槲皮苷(10)和阿福豆苷(11)。上述化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物4、5、7～11为首次从水柏枝属植物中分离得到。     

蒙药材莲座蓟化学成分的研究

从莲座蓟(Cirsium Esculentum C.A.Mey)植物的根及根茎中分离得到6个化合物,经波谱数据分析分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(1)、5,7-二羟基-6,4’-二甲氧基黄酮(2)、刺槐素(3)、β-胡萝卜苷(4)、蒙花苷(5)、绿原酸(6)。上述化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

UV B-irradiation enhances the racemization and isomerizaiton of aspartyl residues and production of Nε-carboxymethyl lysine (CML) in keratin of skin

UV-B irradiation is one of the risk factors in age-related diseases. We have reported that biologically uncommon D-β-Asp residues accumulate in proteins from sun-exposed elderly human skin. A previous study also reported that carboxymethyl lysine (CML; one of the advanced glycation end products (AGEs)) which is produced by the oxidation of glucose and peroxidation of lipid, also increases upon UV B irradiation. The formation of D-β-Asp and CML were reported as the alteration of proteins in UV B irradiated skin, independently. In this study, in order to clarify the relationship between the formation of D-β-Asp and CML, immunohistochemical analysis using anti-D-β-Asp containing peptide antibodies and anti-CML antibodies was performed in UV B irradiated mice. Immunohistochemical analyses clearly indicated that an anti-D-β-Asp containing peptide antibody and anti-CML antibody reacted at a common area in UV B irradiated skin. Western blot analyses of the proteins isolated from UV B irradiated skin demonstrated that proteins of 50-70 kDa were immunoreactive towards antibodies for both D-β-Asp containing peptide and CML. These proteins were identified by proteomic analysis as members of the keratin families including keratin-1, keratin-6B, keratin-10, and keratin-14.     

Sugars from Sphacelia sorghi honeydew

Several unusual oligosaccharides have been isolated from the honeydew of Sphacelia sorghi McRae. These include 1-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-D-mannitol, 5-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-D-arabinitol, 1,6-di-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-D-mannitol, 1,5-di-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-D-arabinitol, and 1-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-6-O-[β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-β-D-fructofuranosyl]-D-mannitol. In addition to these oligosaccharides, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-arabinitol, D-mannitol, sucrose, and 6-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-D-glucose were also found in the honeydew. The structures of the previously undescribed oligosaccharides were determined by periodate oxidation studies, their cleavage by β-D-fructofuranosidase, optical rotation measurements, and methylation analysis by combined gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The position of linkage in the arabinitol-containing disaccharide was determined by incorporation of D-[1-³H]-arabinitol into a β-D-fructofuranosyl-D-arabinitol in vivo. The release of tritium-labeled formaldehyde during periodate oxidation of the product demonstrated that the β-D-fructofuranosyl moiety was linked to position 5 of the D-[1-³H]-arabinitol.     

Acylated protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides from the root of Panax ginseng

Six new protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides, named ginsenosides Ra(4) -Ra(9) (1-6, resp.), along with 14 known dammarane-type triterpene saponins, were isolated from the root of Panax ginseng, one of the most important Chinese medicinal herbs. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, HR-MS, and chemical transformation as (20S)- 3-O-{β-D-6-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (1), (20S)-3-O-[β-D-6-O-acetylglucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (2), (20S)-3-O-{β-D-6-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (3), (20S)-3-O-{β-D-6-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (4), (20S)-3-O-{β-D-4-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (5), (20S)-3-O-{β-D-6-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (6). The sugar moiety at C(3) of the aglycone of each new ginsenoside is butenoylated or acetylated.     

Furostanol glycosides from Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds

Two new furostanol glycosides trigofoenosides A and D have been isolated from the Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds as their methyl ethers, A-1 and D-1. Their structures have been determined as (25S)-22-O-methyl-furost-5-ene-3β,26-diol, 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranoside; 26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (A-1) and (25S)-22-O-methyl-furost-5-ene-3β,26-diol, 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside; 26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (D-1).     

Tropane alkaloids from Erythroxylum caatingae Plowman

Three tropane alkaloids, 1-3, were isolated from Erythroxylum caatingae, i.e., 6β-benzoyloxy-3α-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyl)oxy]tropane (1), a new tropane alkaloid, along with the known alkaloids 3α,6β-dibenzoyloxytropane (2) and 6β-benzoyloxy-3α-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)oxy]tropane (catuabine B; 3). Their structures were determined by 2D- ((1) H and (13) C) NMR. By LC/ESI-MS/MS analysis of the fractions of alkaloids 1-3, it was possible to detect five more alkaloids, 4-8, two of these, 4 and 8, possibly being new natural products. X-Ray crystallography of the chloride derivate of 1, i.e., 6β-benzoyloxy-3α-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyloxy)tropane hydrochloride (1a) confirmed the structure of 1. Cytotoxicity was tested against the cell lines HEp-2, NCI-H292, and KB for the MeOH extract and alkaloid 3, and antitumor activity was tested against Sarcoma 180 only for the MeOH extract.     

Identification of new qingyangshengenin and caudatin glycosides from the roots of Cynanchum otophyllum

HPLC analysis of the roots of Cynanchum otophyllum Scheind (Asclepiadaceae) led to the isolation of six new pregnane glycosides, specifically otophyllosides N-P (2-4) and otophyllosides Q-S (7-9), in addition to the identification of three known C-21 steroidal glycosides, otophylloside A (1), otophylloside B (5) and caudatin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside (6). The structure of each glycoside was determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods. All compounds contain qingyangshengenin or caudatin aglycones and a straight sugar chain consisting of 4-7 hexosyl moieties with the mode of 1→4 linkage. The optically isomeric monosaccharides, D- and L-cymarose, coexisted in both otophyllosides R (8) and S (9).     

Dianthus erinaceus var. erinaceus: Extraction,isolation, characterization and antimicrobial activity investigation of novel saponins

A phytochemical analysis of Dianthus erinaceus Boiss. var. erinaceus (Caryophyllaceae) has led to the isolation of two novel triterpenoid saponins, containing an oleane type skeleton, named dianosides K and L (1, 2), along with six known triterpenoid saponins (3–8). On the basis of chemical and spectrometric data, the structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl (1 → 3)]–[β-d-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-olean-12-ene-23α,28-β–dioic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1) and 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl (1 → 3)]–[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 6)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-olean-12-ene-23α,28-β-dioic acid 28-O-α-l-mannopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (2). All isolated natural compounds were structurally characterized by 1D- (¹H, ¹³C, DEPT); 2D- (COSY, HMQC, HMBC) NMR and HR-ESI/MS methods. The antimicrobial activity of compounds 1 and 2 were tested against four Gram-negative, three Gram-positive bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans by the MIC method.     

Long-acting contraceptive agents: Structure activity relationships in a series of norethisterone and levonorgestrel esters

A large number of esters of norethisterone (17α-ethynyl-17β-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one) and levonorgestrel (D-(-)-13β-ethyl-17α-ethynyl-17β-hydroxygon-4-en-3-one) were synthesized and tested for biological activity. The test employed in these studies was the duration of estrus suppression in cycling mature rats. In the norethisterone series several esters exhibited duration of activity comparable to that of norethisterone enarthate. In the levonorgestrel series the butanoic, cyclobutylcarboxylic and cyclopropylcarboxylic esters were longer acting than medroxyprogesterone acetate (17α-acetoxy-6α-methylpregn-4-ene-3, 20-dione) when prepared as aqueous microcrystalline suspensions.     

Saponins from Astragalus hareftae (NAB.) SIRJ.

Four cycloartane- (hareftosides A–D) and oleanane-type triterpenoids (hareftoside E) were isolated from Astragalus hareftae along with fifteen known compounds. Structures of the compounds were established as 3,6-di-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-3β,6α,16β,24(S),25-pentahydroxycycloartane (1), 3,6,24-tri-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-3β,6α,16β,24(S),25-pentahydroxycycloartane (2), 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-3β,6α,16β,25-tetrahydroxy-20(R),25(S)-epoxycycloartane (3), 16-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-3β,6α,16β,25-tetrahydroxy-20(R),24(S)-epoxycycloartane (4), 3-O-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl]-soyasapogenol B (5) by the extensive use of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments along with ESI-MS and HR-MS analyses.     

Unusual glycosides of pyrrole alkaloid and 4'-hydroxyphenylethanamide from leaves of Moringa oleifera

Glycosides of pyrrole alkaloid (pyrrolemarumine 4″-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside) and 4′-hydroxyphenylethanamide (marumosides A and B) were isolated from leaves of Moringa oleifera along with eight known compounds; niazirin, methyl 4-(α-l-rhamnopyranosyloxy)benzylcarbamate, benzyl β-d-glucopyranoside, benzyl β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside, kaempferol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, adenosine and l-tryptophan. Structure elucidations were based on analyses of chemical and spectroscopic data including 1D- and 2D-NMR.