湖北建始县又发现巨猿牙齿化石

1970年,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所在我省建始县高坪龙骨洞中发现了5枚巨猿牙齿化石和大量的哺乳动物化石。经研究,巨猿牙齿化石的时代为早更新世晚期。     

中科院古脊椎所建始联合科学考察站建立并挂牌

湖北省建始县及其周边地区发育大量石灰岩洞穴,许多洞穴埋藏哺乳动物化石,其中高坪镇龙骨洞出土早期直立人化石、原始打制石器和丰富的动物化石,被列入国家重点文物保护单位.     

鄂西巨猿化石及共生的动物群

在无产阶级文化大革命中,我所一野外队于1968年3—4月间,在湖北省有关单位协助下,在该省的一些部门中发现了近两百颗巨猿的牙齿化石。遵照毛主席的教导:“人类总得不断地总结经验,有所发现,有所发明,有所创造,有所前进。”1970年夏,我所又组成了一个野外组到湖北省西部进行调查,在恩施专区建始县高坪(高店子)龙骨洞中发现了巨猿牙齿化石(图1)。本文记述了这次发掘所得巨猿和其他动物化石材料,附带观察了历次找到的巨猿牙齿化石。在野外工作期间,得到湖北省各级革命委员会和广大革命群众的大力支持,省博物馆和建始县中药材经理部也热情参加过我们的调查和发掘,给了我们很大的帮助。     

瑞典乌布萨拉大学博物馆藏品中新发现北京人牙齿化石

曾被命名为中国猿人北京种(Sinanthropus pekinensis)的直立人北京种(Homo erectus pekinensis)(北京人)化石是当时世界上具有最为可靠发掘记录的古人类化石。1941年大部分北京人化石丢失,仅存的当时发掘出土具有鉴定价值的人类化石为保存在瑞典乌布萨拉大学古生物博物馆的3枚北京人牙齿。2011年在瑞典乌布萨拉大学古生物博物馆保存的周口店发掘出土的化石中新发现了一枚北京人牙齿化石。本文报道了这枚新发现的北京人牙齿化石并回顾了此前发现的3枚北京人牙齿化石的历史。这4枚人类牙齿化石代表了在周口店最早发现了的直立人牙齿化石。     

湖北郧县猿人牙齿化石

<正> 1975年夏,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所一野外队在湖北省郧县调查脊椎动物化石时,在该县梅铺公社杜家沟一农民家里保存的化石中发现了由龙骨洞出土的人的门齿化石一枚。同年5—7月、9—11月间,许春华等赴龙骨洞作了两次发掘,又获人类牙齿化石三枚,同时还发现了一件人工打击痕迹清楚的石核及20多种共生的哺乳动物化石。     

识辨牙齿化石的学问

当你在一个地方发现一枚牙化石时,也许觉得不起眼,不以为然;可是它到了古生物学工作者手里,却往在如获至宝,有时简直象吟诵一首美妙的诗,会高兴得欢叫起来。原来,古生物学家、古人类学家有时就凭对这么一枚牙化石的研究,可以作出极为重要的科学论断呢。你知道吗,闻名世界的北京猿人,便是从两枚牙化石的研究开始的。通常人们对牙化石认识不足,以为不如大骨头来劲。事实恰恰相反,尤其是哺乳动物,可以从牙化石看出许多道理来。这是为什么呢?下面,我们不妨介绍介绍读者感到生疏但又不无趣味的,有关识辨古哺乳动物牙齿化石的一些初步知识。     

山东莒南发现纳玛象化石

山东莒南发现纳玛象化石１９９６年春,山东省莒南县坪上三村砖场取土时发现象类化石,从一处奥陶纪白云质灰岩陡坎下古代河塘内出土了纳玛象的两枚臼齿和部分头骨碎片,并有几段门齿化石。化石埋藏在灰绿色砂质粘土中,地层地质年代为晚更新统。莒南县博物馆庄虔玉馆长等...     

建始四月天

2008年4月15日至5月11日,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所在湖北省建始县展开考古调查。回想此行,心旷神怡。有此记。建始遗存1935年,荷兰古生物学家孔尼华在香港中药铺的龙骨中找到巨猿牙齿化石,从此之后,在我国长江以南的广西、湖北洞穴中相继出土巨猿化石。由于未发现头骨和较完整的肢骨化石,不能确定巨猿的生活行走方式及其在人类演化中的地位。     

山东沂源猿人化石

本文记述了山东省沂源县骑子鞍山出土的一件人类头盖骨残片和七枚牙齿化石。它们的形态特征与北京猿人相似,在分类系统上应属直立人,与人类化石伴生的哺乳动物群的性质与周口店动物群相同,地质时代为中更新世。     

河北发现一枚距今5万～10万年鸵鸟蛋化石

近日，河北省沙河市发现了一枚巨大的蛋化石。据专家初步考证，这是一枚5万-10万年前的鸵鸟蛋化石。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.