2型糖尿病患者APPL1、AFABP与胰岛素抵抗指数的相关性研究

目的:分析2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者磷酸酪氨酸衔接蛋白(APPL1)、脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白(AFABP)与稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)的相关性。方法:选择2015年6月~2016年5月至我院就诊T2DM患者100例作为患病组,选取同期在我院健康体检者100例作为健康组,对研究对象进行指标如空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹血清胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、APPL1、AFABP等检测,并根据公式计算HOMA-IR、及体重指数(BMI),分析APPL1、AFABP与各指标相关性。结果:患病组与健康组TC、HDL、LDL水平无明显差异(P0.05),患病组BMI、FPG、FINS、Hb A1c、TG、HOMA-IR、APPL1、AFABP与健康组比较明显较高(P0.05);APPL1与BMI、FINS、Hb A1c、HOMA-IR呈负相关性(P0.05),与FPG呈正相关性;AFABP与BMI、FPG、FINS、Hb A1c、HOMA-IR呈正相关性(P0.05)。结论:T2DM患者APPL1、AFABP较高,APPL1、AFABP与HOMA-IR呈直线相关性,表明APPL1、AFABP与T2DM患者胰岛素抵抗密切相关,该研究为APPL1、AFABP可以作为T2DM治疗的新靶点提供了理论依据。     

微量白蛋白尿与2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征的相关性

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者微量白蛋白尿与代谢综合征(MS)的相关性.方法:282例T2DM患者根据是否合并MS分为MS组(163例)和非MS组(119例),测定24h尿白蛋白(UAlb)及相关生化指标,比较两组UAlb水平及糖尿病肾病(DN)患病率,采用多元Logistic回归方法分析T2DM患者微量白蛋白尿的危险因素.结果:MS组的UAlb及DN患病率明显高于非MS组,且随着MS组分增加,UAlb水平显著升高.多元Logistic回归分析表明甘油三酯、糖化血红蛋白、收缩压为影响UAlb的独立危险因素.结论:T2DM患者微量白蛋白尿与MS密切相关,需采取综合干预措施避免或延缓DN的发生发展.     

微量白蛋白尿与2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征的相关性

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者微量白蛋白尿与代谢综合征(MS)的相关性。方法:282例T2DM患者根据是否合并MS分为MS组(163例)和非MS组(119例),测定24h尿白蛋白(UAlb)及相关生化指标,比较两组UAlb水平及糖尿病肾病(DN)患病率,采用多元Logistic回归方法分析T2DM患者微量白蛋白尿的危险因素。结果:MS组的UAlb及DN患病率明显高于非MS组,且随着MS组分增加,UAlb水平显著升高。多元Logistic回归分析表明甘油三酯、糖化血红蛋白、收缩压为影响UAlb的独立危险因素。结论:T2DM患者微量白蛋白尿与MS密切相关,需采取综合干预措施避免或延缓DN的发生发展。     

2型糖尿病患者血浆chemerin水平与其冠脉病变程度的相关性分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者血浆趋化素(chemerin)水平与冠脉病变程度的关系。方法:选取2011年1月~2012年2月我院收治的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者92例,均行冠状动脉造影检查。按冠状动脉造影结果分为单纯2型糖尿病无冠状动脉病变组26例(DM0);合并单支冠状动脉病变组32例(DM1);合并双支以上病变组34例(DM2)。另选取正常健康行冠脉造影检查者25例作为正常对照组(NC)。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组入选者血浆chemerin水平,并分析其与冠脉病变程度的相关性。结果:T2DM及T2DM合并冠状动脉病变患者血浆chemerin水平与NC组对比均明显升高,并且与冠状动脉病变严重程度呈正相关(P0.05)。各组血浆Chemerin水平与BMI、HOMA-IR、TC、和APOB各指标间呈显著正相关(r分别为0.781、0.723、0.415、0.694,P均0.01)。结论:2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变的发生发展可能与血浆chemerin升高有关。     

2 型糖尿病患者血浆成纤维细胞生长因子-21 水平的变化及意义

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者血浆成纤维细胞生长因子-21(fibroblast growth factor 21,FGF-21)水平变化以及观察短期胰岛素强化治疗对FGF-21水平的影响。方法:选择我院2013年1月至2015年1月收治的T2DM患者64例,其中初诊T2DM患者32例(T2DM组),T2DM合并大血管病变患者32例(合并大血管病变组),并选择同期体检健康者30例(对照组)。采用酶联免疫法测定三组血浆FGF-21水平以及胰岛素强化治疗前后的变化,分析血浆FGF-21水平与体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、血脂、血糖、空腹血浆胰岛素(FINS)和糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1C)等水平的关系。结果:T2DM组及T2DM合并大血管病变组患者空腹血浆FGF-21水平明显高于对照组(P0.05),T2DM合并大血管病变组患者空腹血浆FGF-21水平明显高于T2DM组和对照组(P0.05)。空腹血浆FGF-21水平与T2DM患者FPG、Hb A1C水平呈明显正相关,WHR、舒张压、Hb A1C是影响血浆FGF-21水平的独立相关因素。经胰岛素强化治疗后,血浆FGF-21水平较治疗前明显下降(P0.05)。结论:T2DM患者血浆FGF-21水平明显升高,可能参与了T2DM及其大血管病变的发生和发展,胰岛素强化治疗可明显降低T2DM患者血浆FGF-21水平,血浆FGF-21可能作为T2DM病情和疗效评估的参考指标。     

生化指标与2型糖尿病患者实验诊断及预后相关性研究

目的：研究BMI、HbA1c、病程、相关代谢指标与2型糖尿病（T2DM）诊断及预后的关系。方法：收集379例T2DM患者与383例健康体检者,采用生化分析仪分析二组人群的生化指标,采用高效液相色谱法检测T2DM组HbA1c水平,胰岛素及C肽采用电化学发光法检测。计量资料采用t检验、单因素方差及相关性分析,计数资料采用卡方检验分析。结果：对各组结果进行比较显示（1）T2DM患者的BMI、FBG、TG、LDL-C、BUN、uA、HbA1c水平明显高于正常对照组（P均〈0．01）,HDL-C、CREA水平明显低于对照组（P均〈0．01）;（2）TC、LDL—C、BUN、CREA及2hINS与年龄相关。（3）肥胖组的TG、CREA、UA、FCP、2hCP高于非肥胖组（P均〈0．05）;（4）初诊T2DM患者的FBG、TG、HbA1c、LDL-C水平明显高于5年以上患者（P均〈0．05）,而HDL-c低于5年以上患者（P〈0．05）;（5）HbA1c≥11％组的FBG水平明显高于HbA1c≤8％及HbA1c=8-11％组（P〈0．01）,而UA、FINS、FCP、2hINS、2hCP水平明显低于HbA1c〈8％组（P均〈0．01）;FBG、TG与HbA1c水平呈正相关（P〈0．05）;FINS、FCP、2hINS、2hCP、UA与HbA1c水平呈负相关（P〈0．01）;结论：BMI、FBG、TG、LDL-C、BUN、UA、HDL-C、CREA均可作为T2DM诊断的参考指标。其中LDL—C、BUN、CREA、2hINs指受年龄影响。TG、CREA、uA、FCP（空腹C-肽）、2hCP与肥胖相关。FBG、TG、HbA1c、LDL-C、HDL-C与病程相关;FBG、TG、HbA1c、FINS、FCP、2hINS、2hCP、UA与HbA1c相关。     

2型糖尿病患者代谢清除率与血清游离脂肪酸的相关性

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者代谢清除率(metabolic clearance rate,MCR)与血清游离脂肪酸(nonesterified fatty acid,NEFA)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)和胆固醇的相关性。方法:选择2014年10月至2016年12月我院收治的127例T2DM患者,测量患者身高、体重,并计算身体质量指数(BMI),进行口服糖耐量试验、胰岛素释放试验,检测血清脂质的水平。将T2DM患者按MCR值分为低MCR组(63例)、高MCR组(64例),比较两组间临床指标的差异,评价MCR、HOMA-IR与变量间的相关性。结果:T2DM患者BMI、TG、空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1C)均高于参考值;T2DM患者低MCR组Hb A1C、空腹血糖、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、TG、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和NEFA明显升高(P0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)明显降低(P0.05);相关分析显示:MCR与HDL-C呈显著正相关(P0.05,r=0.215),与TC、TG、LDL-C、Hb A1C、NEFA均呈显著负相关(P0.05;r=-0.191,-0.380,-0.216,-0.587,-0.356)。结论:2型糖尿病患者MCR降低,与Hb A1C与血清NEFA水平呈负相关。MCR不仅能评价胰岛素抵抗,而且能反映机体糖脂代谢水平。     

利拉鲁肽联合二甲双胍对肥胖2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢、血管内皮功能及微炎症状态的影响

目的:探讨利拉鲁肽联合二甲双胍对肥胖2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者糖脂代谢、血管内皮功能及微炎症状态的影响.方法:选取2016年7月～2019年4月期间我院收治的117例T2DM肥胖患者.根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=58,二甲双胍治疗)和研究组(n=59,利拉鲁肽联合二甲双胍治疗),比较两组患者体质量指数(BMI)、糖...     

2型糖尿病患者血清RANTES与下肢大血管病变的相关性

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清RANTES与下肢大血管病变的相关性.方法:(1)T2DM 61例,根据是否合并下肢大血管病变,分为非下肢大血管病变组(30例)和下肢大血管病变组(31例),与正常对照组20例比较,采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定血清RANTES,比较三组间血清RANTES水平的差异.(2)测定各组TG、TC、LDL、Hd1-ch、、FPG、HbA1c、FIB等水平,分析其与2型糖尿病大血管病变的相关性.结果:(1)2型糖尿病组血清RANTES水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),下肢大血管病变组血清RANTES水平明显高于非下肢大血管病变组和正常对照组(P<0.05),(2)以T2DM组为整体,有无下肢大血管病变为因变量Y(有=1,无=0),以RANTES等其它危险因素为自变量,进行Logstic回归分析,SBP、病程和RANTES入回归方程.结论:RANTES可能是T2DM下肢大血管病变的一个重要的独立危险因素.     

2型糖尿病患者泌尿系结石形成的相关影响因素分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者泌尿系结石形成的相关影响因素。方法:根据是否合并泌尿系结石,将106例糖尿病患者分为观察组和对照组,每组53例,比较两组患者临床资料及生化指标的差异,并采用多因素回归分析研究2型糖尿病与泌尿系结石的相关关系。结果:观察组和对照组患者的年龄、性别、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2h FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1C)等资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),而两组患者在体重指数(BMI)、甘油三酯(TG)、尿p H值、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、血尿酸(SUA)、24小时尿酸(TUA)水平比较差异具具有统计学差异(P0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析显示血尿酸、尿p H值和HOMA-IR为2型糖尿病患者泌尿系结石形成的重要危险因素(P0.05)。结论:高尿酸血症、高甘油三酯血症、高尿酸排泄、胰岛素抵抗、肥胖或超重等因素促进了泌尿系结石的形成,其中血尿酸、尿p H值、HOMA-IR是2型糖尿病患者合并泌尿系结石形成的独立危险因素。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.