共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 693 毫秒
1.
Benzothiadiazole (BTH) was found to be highly effective in increasing resistance of two poinsettia cultivars — ‘Coco White’
and ‘Malibu Red’, moderately susceptible to the fungus Botrytis cinerea. BTH applied at a concentration of 0.3 mM on the discs cut out from the leaves of these poinsettia cultivars reduced disease
symptoms by more than 60 % in comparison to the control discs treated with water and exposed to infection.
It was also observed that the applied inducer at a concentration of 0.03 and 0.3 mM had a favourable influence on the increase
of poinsettia systemic resistance of SAR type (systemic acquired resistance). The effectiveness of BTH was much less when
disease development was examined on detached leaves (a 20 % reduction of lesion area) in comparison with a pronounced inhibition
of grey mould development on intact leaves of previously induced plants (a 80 % protection of intact plants).
Benzothiadiazole in the concentration range from 0.03 to 1.4 mM added to in vitro agar medium was not found to have an inhibitory influence on Botrytis cinerea mycelium growth and sporulation. 相似文献
2.
Peroxidase activity of red raspberry canes was dependent on the cultivar and influenced the subsequent lignification. After
inoculation with Didymella applanata, responsible for the spur blight cane disease, the activity of soluble cytoplasmic enzyme increased in the moderately resistant
‘Latham’ and susceptible ‘Malling Promise’, similarly for syringaldazine and guaiacol as hydrogen donors. Systemic induction
found in ‘Latham’ was recognized as a symptom of defence mechanism responsible for fungal restriction. Locally enhanced peroxidase
activity in the ‘M.Promise’ tissues was related to the local lignification and/or may be associated with the loss of cell
integrity caused by pathogen penetration. Pathogen-induced changes of cell wall peroxidases were similar in both cultivars
mentioned above. No influence of the infection was found in the high susceptible Zeva cultivar.
Using native-PAGE analysis and horizontal starch electrophoresis of soluble fraction five constitutive acidic isoperoxidases
were detected in ‘Latham’ and three in ‘M. Promise’. The infection process was accompanied by the appearance of two new anodic
isoforms. 相似文献
3.
Five cultivars of lavandin were compared for their ability to regenerate plantlets in vitro and for their susceptibility to
genetic transformation. Both processes were shown to be strongly cultivar-dependent. For regeneration, best results were obtained
with cultivar ‘37–70’ which gave an average of 7 shoots from one initial explant after 4 months culture in vitro. The other
cultivars produced between 0.5 and 3.5 shoots per explant. These differences were mostly due to the variable efficiency of
the shoot elongation and rooting steps. An Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system using the β-glucuronidase and neomycin
phosphotransferase II genes was established. The β-glucuronidase expression was analysed for both leaf explants six days after
inoculation and kanamycin-resistant calluses obtained after a six-week culture on a selective medium. For each cultivar, kanamycin-resistant
calluses showing a β-glucuronidase activity were obtained. The transformation efficiency ranged from 3% for cultivar ‘Certitude’
to 89% for cv. ‘41–70’ and ‘B–110’. Some kanamycin-resistant calluses were organogenic.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Koon-Hui Wang Adelheid R. Kuehnle Brent S. Sipes 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1997,33(3):205-208
Summary A reliable method to screen Anthurium for burrowing nematode resistance and tolerance in vitro was developed using 17 genetically distinct Anthurium cultivars. Based on nonparametric data analysis, tolerance and resistance were found to be independent traits to be evaluated
separately. An effective parameter for tolerance evaluation was ranking of relative leaf retention, whereas an effective parameter
for resistance evaluation was the ranking of nematode reproduction, log(Rf+1). A comparison of the ranking of leaf retention
with ranking of nematode reproduction clustered the cultivar responses to burrowing nematode infection into four groups: intolerant
and resistant, moderately tolerant but susceptible, intolerant and susceptible, and tolerant and susceptible. ‘Ozaki’ was
identified as an intolerant reference, ‘Nitta’ as a susceptible reference. ‘Blushing Bride’ was the most tolerant cultivar
among those screened, but it may not be an ideal tolerant reference due to its low vigor. Future screening for burrowing nematode-tolerant
and-resistant cultivars in Anthurium should include ‘Ozaki’ and ‘Nitta’ as internal controls. Evaluation of resistance should be based on a resistance index obtained
by log(Rf of hybrid tested +1) divided by log(Rf of ‘Nitta’ +1); tolerance should be based on ranking of relative leaf retention. 相似文献
5.
K. Richter J. Schondelmaier C. Jung 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(8):1225-1234
Resistance loci for seedling-stage resistance to net blotch disease (Drechslera teres) in barley were mapped with molecular markers in an F2 population derived from a cross between the susceptible barley cultivar ‘Arena’ and the resistant Ethiopian landrace ‘Hor
9088’. Disease reactions were scored with first and second leaves of 2-week-old plants 7 and 9 days after inoculation with
a single spore-derived isolate. For linkage analysis, 22 RFLP markers and 284 AFLP markers were used. The seven linkage groups
covered 1153.3 cM with an average marker interval of 3.76 cM. The resistance was determined to be inherited in a quantitative
manner. Altogether, 12 QTLs were mapped with positions depending on the leaf used for testing and the time period after infection.
Heritability in the broad sense ranged between 0.21 and 0.37.
Received: 26 May 1998 / Accepted: 9 June 1998 相似文献
6.
P. Bettini E. Cosi M. G. Pellegrini L. Turbanti G. Vendramin M. Buiatti 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(4):575-583
Previous work carried out in our laboratory has shown that, in tomato, the alteration of endogenous phytohormone equilibria
through the integration of Agrobacterium tumefaciens genes for auxin and cytokinin synthesis can modify the active defense response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The susceptible cv ‘Red River’ acquires a stable competence for active defense, particularly when the phytohormone equilibrium
is altered in favour of cytokinins. Here, we analyse the expression of genes involved in the defense response against pathogens,
i.e. pathogenesis-related (PR)-protein genes, in the susceptible ‘Red River’ and resistant ‘Davis’ cultivars transgenic for
the aforementioned genes. Fungal cell-wall components, glutathione, salicylic acid and the ethylene-forming ethephon are used
as “probes” for the induction of defense processes, including ethylene production. The data obtained show that the extracellular
PR-proteins (acidic chitinase and PR-1 protein) that were inducible in the control tissue of the resistant ‘Davis’ cultivar
and not expressed in the susceptible ‘Red River’ cultivar became constitutive in the transgenic tissues of both. On the other
hand, expression of the intracellular PR-proteins (basic chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase) was found to be constitutive in all
cases, both in the control and in the transgenic cell lines of the resistant and the susceptible tomato cultivars. Ethylene
production was higher in ‘Davis’ than in ‘Red River’, and significantly increased in the transgenic cell lines, particularly
when cytokinin synthesis was altered.
Received: 25 February 1998 / Accepted: 7 April 1998 相似文献
7.
Shimpei Uraguchi Masako Kiyono Takuya Sakamoto Izumi Watanabe Katsuji Kuno 《Planta》2009,230(2):267-276
The contributions of cadmium (Cd) accumulation in cell walls, antioxidative enzymes and induction of phytochelatins (PCs)
to Cd tolerance were investigated in two distinctive genotypes of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.). One cultivar of black oat ‘New oat’ accumulated Cd in the leaves at the highest concentration compared to another
black oat cultivar ‘Soil saver’ and other major graminaceous crops. The shoot:root Cd ratio also demonstrated that ‘New oat’
was the high Cd-accumulating cultivar, whereas ‘Soil saver’ was the low Cd-accumulating cultivar. Varied levels of Cd exposure
demonstrated the strong Cd tolerance of ‘New oat’. By contrast, low Cd-accumulating cultivar ‘Soil saver’ suffered Cd toxicity
such as growth defects and increased lipid peroxidation, even though it accumulated less Cd in shoots than ‘New oat’. Higher
activities of ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11) and superoxide dismutase (EC 1. 15. 1. 1) were observed in the leaves of
‘New oat’ than in ‘Soil saver’. No advantage of ‘New oat’ in PCs induction was observed in comparison to Cd-sensitive cultivar
‘Soil saver’, although Cd exposure increased the concentration of total PCs in both cultivars. Higher and increased Cd accumulation
in cell wall fraction was observed in shoots of ‘New oat’. On the other hand, in ‘Soil saver’, apoplasmic Cd accumulation
showed saturation under higher Cd exposure. Overall, the present results suggest that cell wall Cd accumulation and antioxidative
activities function in the tolerance against Cd stress possibly in combination with vacuolar Cd compartmentation. 相似文献
8.
Sameh Sassi Samir Aydi Esther M. Gonzalez Cesar Arrese-Igor Chedly Abdelly 《Symbiosis (Philadelphia, Pa.)》2010,52(1):1-10
Drought and salinity are environmental constraints that affect crop yields worldwide. In nature, both stresses are multifaceted
problems that are usually associated with other adverse circumstances which limit plant performance such as water shortage
and nutrient deficits. In order to assess common features of both stresses, the effects of mannitol-induced osmotic stress
were monitored using two Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars, Cv. ‘Flamingo’ (tolerant) and Cv. ‘Coco Blanc’ (sensitive) which differed in their drought and salinity tolerance.
Growth, water relations, organic and inorganic compound accumulation and soluble protein contents were measured in leaves
and nodules of these N2-fixing plants. The aim of the present study was to check whether osmotic stress tolerance is associated with accumulation
of some of these compounds either in leaves, nodules or both organs. At the whole-plant level, Cv. ‘Flamingo’ showed a better
maintenance of plant biomass and shoot water status. At the cell level, this was related to a better osmotic adjustment ability
both in leaves and nodules and also to a better adjustment of the cell wall elasticity. At the metabolic level, the contrasting
accumulation of the different amino acids in nodules of each cultivar suggested that amino acids pathways can be regulated
to different degrees under stress conditions. At the metabolic level, it seems that symbiosis in the sink organ (the nodule)
plays a crucial role in conferring drought and salinity tolerance in the common bean. 相似文献
9.
Mustapha Ennajeh Ahmadou Mohamed Vadel Habib Khemira 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(4):711-721
In this study, we compared the efficacy of defense mechanisms against severe water deficit in the leaves of two olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars, ‘Chemlali’ and ‘Meski’, reputed drought resistant and drought sensitive, respectively. Two-year old plants
growing in sand filled 10-dm3 pots were not watered for 2 months. Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and malondialdehyde content as leaf relative
water content (RWC) decreased showed that ‘Chemlali’ was able to maintain functional and structural cell integrity longer
than ‘Meski’. Mannitol started to accumulate later in the leaves of ‘Chemlali’ but reached higher levels than in the leaves
of ‘Meski’. The latter accumulated several soluble sugars at lower dehydration. ‘Chemlali’ leaves also accumulated larger
quantities of phenolic compounds which can improve its antioxidant response. Furthermore, the activity of three antioxidant
enzymes catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased as leaf RWC decreased. However, differences
were observed between the two cultivars for CAT and POD but not for APX. The activity of the first two enzymes increased earlier
in ‘Meski’, but reached higher levels in ‘Chemlali’. At low leaf hydration levels, ‘Chemlali’ leaves accumulated mannitol
and phenolic compounds and had increased CAT and POD activities. These observations suggest that ‘Chemlali’ was more capable
of maintaining its leaf cell integrity under severe water stress because of more efficient osmoprotection and antioxidation
mechanisms. 相似文献
10.
The impact of moisture on the development of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and accumulation of deoxynivalenol (DON) in Fusarium-infected wheat was examined. The field experiments were designed as split-split-plot with five replicates. Main plots were
durations of mist-irrigation [14, 21, 28 and 35 days after inoculation (DAI)]; sub-plots were wheat cultivar; and sub-sub-plots
were F. graminearum isolates differing in aggressiveness and DON production capacity. The wheat cultivars ‘Alsen’ (moderately resistant), ‘2375’
(moderately susceptible) and ‘Wheaton’ (susceptible) were inoculated at anthesis. Severity of FHB was assessed 21 days after
inoculation. Visually scabby kernels (VSK) and mycotxin content (DON, 15-AcDON, 3-AcDON and nivalenol) were determined on
harvested grain. The damage to grain, as measured by VSK, was significantly lower in the treatments receiving the least amount
of mist-irrigation (14 DAI) suggesting that extended moisture promotes disease development. DON was, however, significantly
lower in the 35-DAI misting treatment than in treatments receiving less post-inoculation moisture. The reduction of DON observed
in treatments receiving extended mist-irrigation was greatest in ‘Wheaton’ which recorded the highest FHB severity, VSK and
DON of the cultivars examined. Our results suggest that DON and other trichothecenes may be reduced by late-season moisture
despite increased grain colonization. We suggest that leaching may explain much of the reduction of mycotoxins, and that differences
in tissue morphology and metabolism may determine the rate of leaching from specific tissues. 相似文献
11.
Hypocotyl expiants from 22 cultivars ofCatharanthus roseus were cultured on various shoot-inducing media to assess their competence for adventitious shoot formation. The Murashige
and Skoog (MS) media had been supplemented with 14 μM zeatin and 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 4.5 μM BA and 0.5 μM
α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), or 14 μM thidiazuron and 2.5 μM IBA. After eight weeks, the expiants from ‘Cooler Raspberry
Red’ showed the greatest frequency of adventitious shoot formation, followed by ‘Cooler Orchid’ and ‘Cooler Treated’. The
highest frequency (86.7%) for ‘Cooler Raspberry Red’ was attained on the medium enhanced with 14 μM zeatin and 2.5 μM NAA.
Excised adventitious shoots were then readily rooted on a half-strength MS basal medium. Afterward, the regenerated plantlets
were transferred to potting soil and grown to maturity in a greenhouse. 相似文献
12.
Ying Li Yuping Song Gongjun Shi Jianjun Wang Xilin Hou 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(1):155-162
Changes in ascorbic acid content and antioxidant enzyme activities were investigated in non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis Makino) leaves of ‘Wutacai’ and ‘Erqing’ exposed to excess copper (Cu). Cu treatment reduced the fresh weight of shoot and
root by 57% and 46% in ‘Wutacai’, and 60 and 54% in ‘Erqing’, respectively. The accumulation of copper in leaves was higher
in ‘Wutacai’ than that in ‘Erqing’. Compared to the control, ascorbic acid (AsA) contents were significantly decreased after
copper treatment in both cultivars, while they were higher in ‘Wutacai’ than in ‘Erqing’, which may explain the higher copper-tolerance
of ‘Wutacai’ with higher copper accumulation. The higher AsA contents of ‘Wutacai’ resulted from their lower activities of
degrading enzymes, such as ascorbate oxydase (AAO) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), as well as the increasing activity of dehydroascorbate
reductase (DHAR) after copper treatment compared with ‘Erqing’. Copper stimulated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in both
cultivars, but for catalase (CAT), there was little difference between both cultivars. Peroxidases (POD) activity was decreased
after copper treatment in ‘Erqing’, while in ‘Wutacai’, it was significantly increased at 14 days, and POD activity was higher
in ‘Wutacai’ than that in ‘Erqing’ at 21 and 28 days. Therefore, the induced increasing activity of POD in ‘Wutacai’ also
played an important role in its copper tolerance. 相似文献
13.
Mokhtar Guerfel Alexandros Beis Tasos Zotos Dalenda Boujnah Mokhtar Zarrouk Angelos Patakas 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(4):825-831
Differences in abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation between two olive cultivars were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
in roots and leaves, leaf water potential (Ψl), stomatal conductance (g
s) as well as photosynthetic rate (A) were also determined in well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) plants of two olive
cultivars ‘Chemlali’ and ‘Chetoui’. ‘Chemlali’ was able to maintain higher leaf CO2 assimilation rate and leaf stomatal conductance throughout the drought cycle when compared with ‘Chetoui’. Furthermore, leaf
water potential of ‘Chemlali’ decreased in lower extent than in Chetoui in response to water deficit. Interestingly, significant
differences in water-stress-induced ABA accumulation were observed between the two olive cultivars and reflect the degree
of stress experienced. Chemlali, a drought tolerant cultivar, accumulated lower levels of ABA in their leaves to regulate
stomatal control in response to water stress compared to the drought sensitive olive cultivar ‘Chetoui’ which accumulated
ABA in large amount. 相似文献
14.
Experiments were conducted to quantify parasitism of Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), by the egg parasitoid,Edovum puttleri Grissell, on 3 different cultivars of eggplant,Solanum melongena L. Levels of parasitism were higher (P<0.05) on ‘Black Pride’ than on other cultivars. The percentage of egg masses that
were parasitized was 1.2-fold higher (P<0.05) on ‘Black Pride’ than on ‘Harris Special’ and ‘White’. The number of eggs per
mass that were parasitized was 1.3- and 1.4- fold greater (P<0.05) on ‘Black Pride’ than on ‘Harris Special’ and ‘White’,
respectively. The percentage of eggs that were parasitized per mass and percentage of emerged adult parasitoids did not differ
(P>0.05) among cultivars; between 2.1- to 2.6- fold more females than males emerged from eggs on all cultivars during the
growing season.Edovum puttleri suppressed the 2nd generation ofL. decemlineata on ‘Black Pride’ and ‘Harris Special’, but did not suppress populations on ‘White’.
相似文献
15.
A landrace (‘Moscatella’) and a commercial cultivar (‘Starkspur Red’) of Malus pumila Mill. were maintained and proliferated in vitro for ≥ four years. A factorial experiment, planned to evaluate the response of the two cultivars in conservation in determined
slow growth conditions, was carried out for eighteen months. Single node cuttings were stored in 4 different media, at 4 °C,
in dark conditions, in microvessels to assess the feasibility of reducing space in in vitro gemplasm banks. Culture viability after storage was evaluated after 6, 8,12 and 18 months of storage. Both varieties showed
high survival percentages for up to a year of conservation, but the landrace's capability to resume growth dropped dramatically
afterwards. On the contrary, ‘Starkspur Red’ maintained substantially unchanged capacity of resuming vigorous growth after
18 months of conservation. Overall, microvessels appeared to be suitable for storing single node cuttings under slow growth
conditions up to a year at least. The described techniques could be useful for in vitro germplasm collections where frequent subculturing enhances the risk of genetic changes and personnel, energy and materials
costs limit the amount of genotypes that can be managed.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
Ana Slatnar Maja Mikulic Petkovsek Heidi Halbwirth Franci Stampar Karl Stich Robert Veberic 《Trees - Structure and Function》2012,26(1):109-119
During fruit development, the concentration of main polyphenols (flavonols, flavanols, dihydrochalcones, hydroxycinnamic acids,
anthocyanins) and the activities of related enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chalcone synthase/chalcone isomerase, flavanone
3-hydroxylase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, flavonol synthase, peroxidase) were monitored in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). The seasonal survey was performed at five different sampling dates and included the healthy peel of the resistant
cultivar ‘Florina’ and healthy peel, scab symptomatic spot and the tissue around the infected spot of the susceptible cultivar
‘Golden Delicious’. From all enzymes tested, chalcone synthase/chalcone isomerase had the highest activity in both cultivars,
while phenylalanine ammonia lyase had the lowest. The healthy peels of the susceptible and the resistant cultivar did not
show differences in the accumulation of the main polyphenol groups present in the apple skin. However, in the resistant cultivar
‘Florina’, an increase of polyphenol enzyme activities could be observed in late stages of fruit development, which seems
to be related to the anthocyanin accumulation in ripe fruits. Significant differences in the polyphenol metabolism were observed
in the three different tissues of the susceptible cultivar ‘Golden Delicious’. Increased concentrations of hydroxycinnamic
acids, dihydrochalcones and flavan-3-ols were found in the scab symptomatic spots and surrounding tissues. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,
dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, flavanone 3-hydroxylase and peroxidase showed higher activities in the scab symptomatic spot
compared to other analysed tissues, whereas the activities of other enzymes remained unchanged. Highest induction of polyphenol
accumulation after scab infection was observed in early developmental stages, whereas enzyme activities were increased in
later stages. 相似文献
17.
Eline Kirk Mørk Karin Henriksen Henrik Brinch-Pedersen Kell Kristiansen Karen Koefoed Petersen 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2012,108(3):501-512
A protocol for adventitious shoot formation in Symphyotrichum novi-belgii was developed after investigating the effects of cultivar and hormone combinations. A Murashige and Skoog medium with 1.0 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine induced adventitious shoot formation in 15 out of 19 cultivars. Addition of 0.1 mg l−1 indole-3-acetic acid or naphthaleneacetic acid increased the total number of shoots per explant, but not the number of shoots
longer than 1 cm. Addition of dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) promoted callus formation, but inhibited shoot elongation.
A transformation system for the two cultivars Victoria Fanny and Victoria Jane was developed by co-cultivation of leaf explants
with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Three bacterial strains (LBA 4404, A281 and C58) all carrying the binary vector, p35S-GUS-INT, and harbouring the uidA gene coding for β-glucuronidase (GUS) were used. Regeneration of transgenic plants after co-cultivation with A281 was independent
of cultivar, and all explants produced callus followed by indirect shoot formation. In ‘Victoria Fanny’ shoots were formed
faster and without a callus phase after co-cultivation with LBA 4404 or C58. The highest number of potentially transformed
shoots was regenerated after co-cultivation of ‘Victoria Fanny’ leaf explants with LBA 4404. Integration of the transgenes
in the plant genome was confirmed using PCR and Southern blot hybridisation. To verify that the transgenes could be transferred
to offspring, crosses were conducted between three transgenic lines of ‘Victoria Fanny’ and two wild type pollen donors. It
was demonstrated that viable seeds were produced and that the uidA gene was inherited. 相似文献
18.
Amanpreet Kaur Shivani Guleria M. Sudhakara Reddy Anil Kumar 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2020,26(2):367-377
The genetic transformation of plants is an important biotechnological tool used for crop improvement for many decades. The present study was focussed to investigate various factors affecting genetic transformation of potato cultivar ‘Kufri Chipsona 1’. It was observed that explants pre-cultured for 2 days on MS2 medium (MS medium containing 10 µM silver nitrate, 10 µM BA, 15 µM GA3), injured with a surgical blade and co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 [O.D600 (0.6)] for 2 days results in maximum transient β-glucuronidase (GUS) expression. The addition of 100 µM acetosyringone in MS2 medium also increased rate of transient GUS expression in both the explants. Clumps of putative transgenic shoots were regenerated using the optimised culture conditions from leaf and internodal explants. The stable integration of T-DNA was established using histochemical staining for GUS and amplification of DNA fragment specific to nptII and uidA genes. Within the clumps, around 67.85% of shoots showed uniform GUS expression in all the tissues and about 32.15% shoots show intermittent GUS expression establishing chimeric nature. Uniform GUS staining of the tissue was used as initial marker of non-chimeric transgenic shoots. Quantitative expression of nptII transgene was found to be directly proportional to uniformity of GUS staining in transgenic shoots. The present investigation indicated that manipulation of culture conditions and the medium composition may help to get transgenic shoots with uniform expression of transgene in all the tissues of potato cultivar ‘Kufri Chipsona 1’. 相似文献
19.
Pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PyMS) is a rapid, simple, high-resolution analytical method based on thermal degradation of complex
materials in a vacuum. It is widely applied to the discrimination of closely related microbial strains. Leaf samples from
eight cultivars (‘Apricot Delight’, ‘Cooler Grape’, ‘Cooler Peppermint’, ‘Equator Grape’, ‘Equator Rose’, ‘Equator White’,
‘Equator White Eye’, and ‘Little Bright Eye’) of Catharanthus roseus were subjected to PyMS for spectral fingerprinting. Discriminant analysis (DA) of PyMS data enabled us to assign these cultivars
to discrete clusters. A hierarchical dendrogram based on DA provided a possible relationship among them that was in general
agreement with a previously reported classification of the cultivars based on DNA fingerprints. Furthermore, those belonging
to the same ‘series’ were grouped into a single cluster, which previously could not be achieved through similar approaches
based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy or 1H NMR data. Overall results suggest that chemical differences (i.e., in pyrolysate composition) among cultivars, as detected
by mass spectrometry, reflect their genetic variation. 相似文献
20.
The effects of water deficit on photochemical parameters and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase
and glutathione reductase were investigated in two olive cultivars differing in drought tolerance — ‘Chemlali’ and ‘Chetoui’.
After 30 days without irrigation, leaf water potential fell to −5.5 MPa that was accompanied by a marked decrease in net photosynthesis
in ‘Chetoui’ olive cultivar. Maximal efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) decreased slightly in ‘Chemlali’ (28 %) and substantially in ‘Chétoui’ (47 %). Both cultivars showed a similar decline (about
25 %) in the photochemical quenching coefficient, but only the drought-sensitive olive cultivar exhibited an enhancement (31
%) of non-photochemical fluorescence quenching under water deficit conditions. The quantum yield of electron transport decreased
in both olive cultivars. ‘Chemlali’ showed a higher protection against oxidative stress, as judged from the lower levels of
the malondialdehyde production. Catalase activity was higher in ‘Chetoui’. Glutathione reductase activity was increased similarly
in both olive cultivars under water stress. Ascorbate peroxidase activity was enhanced in ‘Chemlali’ under water stress, but
was unaffected in ‘Chetoui’. While, superoxide dismutase activity was inhibited in both cultivars under water stress, but
higher activity was detected in ‘Chemlali’. Thus, the ability to increase ascorbate peroxidase and a higher superoxide dismutase
activity might be an important attribute linked to the drought tolerance in ‘Chemlali’ olive cultivar. 相似文献