小儿脓毒症休克相关基因的筛选及网络构建

为探究脓毒症休克与SIRS的差异表达基因及网络的构建,筛选潜在的核心基因,从GEO数据库下载相关基因表达谱GSE26378,数据分为脓毒症休克与SIRS各29个样本,通过在线软件GCBI对其进行标准化及差异基因筛选;对差异基因进行GO分析;基于KEGG进行功能通路分析以及基因信号网络分析;差异基因共表达网络分析。结果表明:两组中总共有1 456个基因被识别为差异基因(P0.05),与SIRS组相比,脓毒症休克组中有条859条下调基因,597条上调基因。GO功能富集分析显示差异基因主要参与了细胞周期、细胞免疫、细胞代谢。KEGG功能通路分析显示差异基因主要参与了MAPK信号通路、P53信号通路、wnt信号通路、细胞凋亡信号通路,细胞周期受体信号通路等。共表达分析发现基因CCNB1、NUSAP1、OIP5、SHCBP1、ZWINT、TOP2A、DLGAP5等位于网络中央部位,而基因信号网络分析发现基因PLCB1、PIK3CA、STAT3、CAMK2D、PRKCB、CREB1位于网络核心。基因芯片分析有助于发现脓毒症休克与SIRS患儿外周血单核细胞在转录组学上的改变,而生物信息学网络分析有助于发现潜在的靶点。     

基于转录组的八角挥发油合成相关基因挖掘与分析

为更好地挖掘八角(Illicium verum)挥发油合成相关基因，该文对挥发油性状差异显著的优良无性系桂角69号及普通品种砧01号叶片进行了转录组测序及组装注释，并对差异表达基因进行了GO分类和KEGG通路分析。结果表明：(1)转录本经组装后获得84 182条序列，使用NR、NT、Swiss-Prot、KEGG、KOG、GO和Pfam数据库进行序列比对，共注释了59 161条序列，筛选出30 572个差异表达基因。与砧01号相比，桂角69号叶片中上调基因有15 025个，下调基因有15 547个。(2)GO分类结果显示共有20 287个差异基因被注释。KEGG分析结果表明，有21 600个差异基因被注释到133条KEGG通路上，其中挥发油合成相关的单萜生物合成通路、萜类骨架生物合成通路、苯丙素合成通路中的芳樟醇合酶、月桂烯合酶、香叶基香叶基焦磷酸合酶、肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶、咖啡酸3-O-甲基转移酶、肉桂醇脱氢酶等关键酶基因呈差异表达。(3)转录因子分析发现差异表达基因分布于31个转录因子家族，其中MYB家族序列数量最多。该文利用转录组测序技术分析八角优良无性系与普通品种叶片的差异基因及...     

IgA 肾病患者与膜性肾病患者外周血单核细胞mRNA分析

为了寻找诊断、鉴别IgA肾病(IgAN)和膜性肾病(MN)的血液特异性标记物,利用公共数据库中的IgAN和MN患者的外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)的转录组表达谱数据集识别特异性生物标记物,为诊断和鉴别提供简便、可靠的依据补充。从公共基因表达数据库(GEO)下载IgAN患者组(n=15)和MN患者组(n=8)芯片数据集,筛选前250个差异表达基因(DEGs)。通过分析筛选关键基因和途径,进行基因本体(GO)富集分析、京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路分析和蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用关系(PPI)分析等进一步了解DEGs。通过分析共发现75个显著DEGs,其中73个上调基因,2个下调基因。GO富集分析的生物学过程(BP)主要包括蛋白质转运、内溶酶体到溶酶体转运、趋化因子介导的信号通路作用等。显著富集差异表达基因KEGG通路分析包括Endocytosis和Hepatitis B的相关信号通路。PPI筛选出EPS15、STAT4、CCL2、SUN2、SEC24C、SEC31A、GOLGB1、F2R,RAB12和PTK2B等关键基因。成功筛选出核心差异表达基因,为IgAN和MN的诊断和鉴别提供简便、可靠的依据补充,甚至提供治疗的新靶点。     

不同海拔饲育的麦洼牦牛肺脏组织转录组学分析

为了探讨牦牛适应高海拔低氧环境的基因表达特征与规律,对在高海拔（3 560 m）和低海拔地区（478 m）饲育4个月的2.5~3岁健康雄性麦洼牦牛肺组织进行转录组测序。转录组测序采用Illumina高通量测序平台(HiSeqTM2500/4000)进行,并以qRT-PCR验证差异表达基因的表达量。结果显示,高海拔组牦牛肺脏转录组平均每个测序样本得到约5.76亿条Clean Reads,低海拔组牦牛中得到约6.10亿条Clean Reads,比对到参考基因组上的Reads数分别占91.74%和91.28%以上,共发现了2 047个新转录本。低海拔组与高海拔组牦牛肺脏组织之间共有199个差异表达基因,其中含89个差异上调表达基因和110个差异下调表达基因。所得差异表达基因富集在297个GO条目和146个KEGG通路中,包含62个低氧适应相关的GO条目和35个低氧适应相关代谢通路。其中低氧适应相关GO条目在生物过程、细胞组成和分子功能三种类别中占比最多的分别为细胞粘附、蛋白复合物和钙离子结合。低氧适应相关KEGG通路中占比最多的为肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)信号通路,其次为低氧诱导因子1(HIF-1)信号通路。qRT-PCR验证结果显示,Ⅱ类人类白细胞抗原α链(HLA-DOA、HLA-DRA)、补体因子 (C2)和甘露糖结合凝集素相关丝氨酸蛋白酶1（MASP1）基因的表达量变化与转录组测序结果相符。本研究为全局和深入理解牦牛肺组织转录本表达对高海拔低氧的响应提供了有价值的切入点。     

敲除trim47基因斑马鱼脑和脾的比较转录组学分析

用CRISPR/Cas9技术敲除斑马鱼(Danio Rerio)的trim47, 收集TRIM47–/–(trim47基因敲除)和WT(野生型)斑马鱼的大脑和脾脏进行RNA-seq分析, 以鉴定差异表达基因(DEGs)。总共确定了271个DEGs, 经过简要分析, 将这些DEGs注释为KEGG途径和GO富集分析, 与WT组相比, TRIM47-/-组的脑中DEGs集中在细胞黏附和谷氨酸能突触信号传导途径中。在脾脏中, 与野生型组相比, TRIM47-/-组的DEGs在补体和凝血级联信号通路中发生了变化。使用qRT-PCR验证了脑和脾中与补体途径相关的基因, 与转录组数据一致。这些结果表明, Trim47在脾脏和大脑中起着重要的生物学作用, 尤其是通过补体途径参与先天免疫功能。体内感染实验表明, trim47基因敲除可提高斑马鱼中鲤春病毒血症病毒(SVCV)的感染率。总之, 这些发现为TRIM成员在先天免疫中的功能提供了新线索。     

3.6 kb genomic sequence from Takifugu capable of promoting axon growth-associated gene expression in developing and regenerating zebrafish neurons

Unlike mammals, fish have the capacity for functional adult CNS regeneration, which is due, in part, to their ability to express axon growth-related genes in response to nerve injury. One such axon growth-associated gene is gap43, which is expressed during periods of developmental and regenerative axon growth, but is not expressed in CNS neurons that do not regenerate in adult mammals. We previously demonstrated that cis-regulatory elements of gap43 that are sufficient for developmental expression are not sufficient for regenerative expression in the zebrafish. Here we have identified a 3.6kb genomic sequence from Fugu rubripes that can promote reporter gene expression in the nervous system during both development and regeneration in zebrafish. This compact sequence is advantageous for functional dissection of regions important for axon growth-associated gene expression during development and/or regeneration. In addition, this sequence will also be useful for targeting gene expression to neurons during periods of growth and plasticity.     

金针菇菌柄发育的转录组与蛋白组分析

菌柄是金针菇等食用菌的主要商品部位,但其生长机制仍不明确。本研究对金针菇伸长期和成熟期菌柄进行了转录组联合蛋白组分析,结果显示,两样本显著性差异表达基因和蛋白分别为721个和61个,均以上调表达为主。GO（gene ontology）功能聚类分析表明：有72.41%的差异表达基因富集在催化活性（catalytic activity）条目下。细胞组分（cell part）和绑定结合（binding）条目同时富集了较多的差异表达基因和蛋白。KEGG通路富集分析显示：碳水化合物代谢通路（carbohydrate metabolism）和氨基酸代谢通路（amino acid metabolism）富集的差异表达基因较多。差异表达蛋白富集较多的通路是单环菌素生物合成（monobactam biosynthesis,ko00261）、链霉素生物合成（streptomycin biosynthesis,ko00521）和有机含硒化合物代谢（selenocompound metabolism,ko00450）等。内质网蛋白质加工（protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum,ko04141）和MAPK信号通路（MAPK signaling pathway-yeast,ko04011）在转录组和蛋白组的KEGG富集分析中均为差异通路。本研究联合转录组和蛋白组数据筛选了40个金针菇菌柄发育中差异表达基因,为深入研究揭示食用菌菌柄发育过程提供候选基因。     

Over-Expression of hNGF in Adult Human Olfactory Bulb Neural Stem Cells Promotes Cell Growth and Oligodendrocytic Differentiation

The adult human olfactory bulb neural stem/progenitor cells (OBNC/PC) are promising candidate for cell-based therapy for traumatic and neurodegenerative insults. Exogenous application of NGF was suggested as a promising therapeutic strategy for traumatic and neurodegenerative diseases, however effective delivery of NGF into the CNS parenchyma is still challenging due mainly to its limited ability to cross the blood–brain barrier, and intolerable side effects if administered into the brain ventricular system. An effective method to ensure delivery of NGF into the parenchyma of CNS is the genetic modification of NSC to overexpress NGF gene. Overexpression of NGF in adult human OBNSC is expected to alter their proliferation and differentiation nature, and thus might enhance their therapeutic potential. In this study, we genetically modified adult human OBNS/PC to overexpress human NGF (hNGF) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) genes to provide insight about the effects of hNGF and GFP genes overexpression in adult human OBNS/PC on their in vitro multipotentiality using DNA microarray, immunophenotyping, and Western blot (WB) protocols. Our analysis revealed that OBNS/PC-GFP and OBNS/PC-GFP-hNGF differentiation is a multifaceted process involving changes in major biological processes as reflected in alteration of the gene expression levels of crucial markers such as cell cycle and survival markers, stemness markers, and differentiation markers. The differentiation of both cell classes was also associated with modulations of key signaling pathways such MAPK signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway for OBNS/PC-GFP, and axon guidance, calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 7 for OBNS/PC-GFP-hNGF as revealed by GO and KEGG. Differentiated OBNS/PC-GFP-hNGF displayed extensively branched cytoplasmic processes, a significant faster growth rate and up modulated the expression of oligodendroglia precursor cells markers (PDGFRα, NG2 and CNPase) respect to OBNS/PC-GFP counterparts. These findings suggest an enhanced proliferation and oligodendrocytic differentiation potential for OBNS/PC-GFP-hNGF as compared to OBNS/PC-GFP.     

miR-29a靶基因预测及其相关生物信息学分析

目的:通过对miR-29a进行靶基因预测及相关生物信息学分析,为miR-29a靶基因的实验验证提供数据支持,以期为深入研究miR-29a的生物学功能和调控机制提供理论指导。方法:利用PubMed检索miR-29a相关文章,通过miRBase在线工具分析miR-29a序列。应用TargetScan及miRNAda两种计算方法预测miR-29a靶基因并取其交集作为分析的基因集合,分别进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)中的分子功能和生物学过程以及KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)生物通路富集分析。结果:(1)miR-29a序列在多物种间具有高度保守性。(2)两种方法预测miR-29a靶基因交集共191个。(3)miR-29a靶基因GO分子功能集中于转录因子活性、DNA结合和钙离子结合等(P0.05);miR-29a靶基因GO生物学过程集中于调控转录、细胞粘附、细胞增殖与凋亡等(P0.05);KEGG生物通路主要富集于PI3K-AKT信号通路、JAK-STAT信号通路、T细胞受体信号通路和胰岛素信号通路等信号转导通路,以及肺小细胞癌和子宫内膜癌等疾病通路(P0.05)。结论:miR-29a可能通过参与多个靶基因信号通路的调控,在机体的多种生理病理过程中发挥重要作用,是一个颇有研究价值的生物学靶标。     

西伯利亚蝗卵发育过程的比较转录组分析及滞育关联基因筛选

【目的】通过筛选西伯利亚蝗Gomphocerus sibiricus卵滞育基因及代谢通路,初步明确西伯利亚蝗卵滞育分子机理。【方法】利用Illumina NovaSeq 6000测序平台对西伯利亚蝗早期发育(ES)、滞育(DS)和滞育后发育阶段(PS)的卵进行转录组测序;采用GO和KEGG富集分析并结合文献,预测滞育相关通路并聚类热图分析,筛选蝗卵滞育关联基因,并选取其中6个重要基因进行qRT-PCR验证。【结果】DSvs ES和PS vs DS两比较组分别富集到12 419和4 789个差异表达基因,且多上调表达;两比较组共表达差异基因为2 206个,主要与糖代谢、环境胁迫和生长发育相关。DS vs ES组富集最显著的GO条目为蛋白结合,PS vs DS组GO条目主要包含酶活性、细胞骨架构建及蛋白结合等过程。滞育关联基因主要集中在Wnt信号通路、胰岛素信号通路、细胞周期通路以及昆虫激素生物合成等通路。6个重要的滞育关联基因的表达量变化趋势与转录组数据结果基本一致。【结论】本研究初步明确了西伯利亚蝗卵滞育调控的重要代谢途径,并筛选出20个滞育关联基因,为后续深入研究该物种的适应机理奠定了基础。     

GAP-43 promoter elements in transgenic zebrafish reveal a difference in signals for axon growth during CNS development and regeneration

A pivotal event in neural development is the point at which differentiating neurons become competent to extend long axons. Initiation of axon growth is equally critical for regeneration. Yet we have a limited understanding of the signaling pathways that regulate the capacity for axon growth during either development or regeneration. Expression of a number of genes encoding growth associated proteins (GAPs) accompanies both developmental and regenerative axon growth and has led to the suggestion that the same signaling pathways regulate both modes of axon growth. We have tested this possibility by asking whether a promoter fragment from a well characterized GAP gene, GAP-43, is sufficient to activate expression in both developing and regenerating neurons. We generated stable lines of transgenic zebrafish that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) under regulation of a 1 kb fragment of the rat GAP-43 gene, a fragment that contains a number of evolutionarily conserved elements. Analysis of GFP expression in these lines confirms that the rat 1 kb region can direct growth-associated expression of the transgene in differentiating neurons that extend long axons. Furthermore, this region supports developmental down-regulation of transgene expression which, like the endogenous gene, coincides with neuronal maturation. Strikingly, these same sequences are insufficient for directing expression in regenerating neurons. This finding suggests that signaling pathways regulating axon growth during development and regeneration are not the same. While these results do not exclude the possibility that pathways involved in developmental axon growth are also active in regenerative growth, they do indicate that signaling pathway(s) controlling activation of the GAP-43 gene after CNS injury differ in at least one key component from the signals controlling essential features of developmental axon growth.     

Identification of key genes and pathways in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in elderly man. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of BPH have not been completely elucidated. We identified the key genes and pathways by using analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using edgeR. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed for the DEGs by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database and ConsensusPathDB, respectively. Then, protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were established by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and visualized by Cytoscape software. Finally, we identified 660 DEGs ultimately including 268 upregulated genes and 392 downregulated genes. GO analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in extracellular exosome, identical protein binding, mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis coupled proton transport, extracelluar matrix, focal adhesion, cytosol, Golgi apparatus, cytoplasm, protein binding, and Golgi membrane. Focal adhesion pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and autophagy pathway were selected. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C), serine/threonine kinase (AKT1), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), cyclin B1 (CCNB1), polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) were filtrated as the hub genes according to the degree of connectivity from the PPI network. The five hub genes including UBE2C, AKT1, MAPK1, CCNB1, PLK1 may play key roles in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Focal adhesion pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and autophagy pathway may be crucial for the progression of BPH.     

低温胁迫下意大利蜜蜂预蛹的差异表达基因趋势分析

【目的】蜜蜂是典型的具有发育狭温性的全变态昆虫。本研究以对低温最敏感的意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica预蛹为研究对象,通过低温胁迫不同时间的差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs)趋势分析,探讨低温胁迫对蜜蜂发育影响的关键基因。【方法】对3日龄意大利蜜蜂封盖子预蛹进行20℃低温胁迫18 h(T18)和36 h(T36),以未经低温胁迫的预蛹为对照(CK),通过Illumina HiSeq^TM平台进行转录组学测定。利用Short Time-series Expression Miner(STEM)软件对2个处理组与对照组比较共有的差异表达基因进行趋势分析,再进一步对显著富集趋势模式中富集的差异表达基因进行GO分类和KEGG pathway分析。利用RT-qPCR对随机挑选的5个DEGs的表达模式进行验证。【结果】对检测到1 062个T18 vs CK和T36 vs CK共有的DEGs进行趋势分析,发现3个显著的基因表达模式,包括2个上调表达模式(Profile 6,有539个基因;Profil...     

基于转录组的不同火龙果品种抗性差异分析

不同的品种抗性不同,为进一步探究不同火龙果品种之间的抗性差异,为后续火龙果抗性育种提供参考,该研究利用Illumina HiSeq 2000测序平台对'普通白肉'(BR)和'厄瓜多尔黄龙'(EY)两个品种进行转录组测序分析,并参考GO Ontology、KEGG等公共数据库对差异表达基因进行功能分类与富集分析.结果表明...     

PEG模拟干旱胁迫下马铃薯茎段转录组分析

该研究以‘青薯9号’马铃薯无菌苗为材料,采用转录组测序技术分析模拟干旱胁迫下马铃薯茎段的差异表达,探究茎段在干旱胁迫下的分子机制。结果表明:(1)不同程度干旱胁迫下,马铃薯叶片脯氨酸、可溶性糖以及可溶性蛋白含量明显增加;马铃薯茎段差异表达基因下调的数量均多于上调,其中3种处理条件下共有的差异表达基因有657个。(2)GO富集分析表明,马铃薯茎段差异表达基因主要集中在氧化还原过程、激素响应、氧化还原酶活性以及糖基水解酶活性;Pathway富集分析表明,马铃薯茎段差异表达基因主要集中在植物激素信号转导、苯丙酸生物合成、玉米素生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢、淀粉和蔗糖代谢以及次生代谢产物的生物合成。(3)实时荧光定量PCR验证结果表明,6个差异表达基因在不同程度干旱胁迫中的差异表达与转录组分析的结果基本一致,证明转录组数据的可靠性。该结果对进一步研究马铃薯干旱胁迫响应机制有一定参考价值,也丰富了马铃薯抗旱育种的基因资源。     

家兔前体脂肪细胞分化不同时期基因表达谱分析

脂肪的过度积累严重危害人类健康。前体脂肪细胞分化是脂肪发育的关键过程,研究前体脂肪细胞分化相关基因的表达有助于认识脂肪沉积的机理。尽管家兔是一种理想的研究脂肪发育的动物模型,但是针对其前体脂肪细胞分化不同时期基因表达谱的研究鲜见报道。本研究通过诱导家兔前体脂肪细胞分化,在分化第0 d、3 d和9 d收集脂肪细胞,利用转录组测序(RNA-seq),在分化第3 d样本与第0 d样本的比较中筛选出1352个差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs),在分化第9 d样本与第3 d样本的比较中筛选出888个DEGs。GO (gene ontology)功能富集和KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)通路分析发现,0~3 d分化期上调的DEGs显著富集在PPAR信号通路和PI3K-Akt信号通路上,3~9d分化期上调的DEGs显著富集到与细胞周期调控有关的GO条目和KEGG信号通路,0~3d和3~9d阶段特异上调的DEGs可能分别作用于细胞质和细胞核。通过DEGs的蛋白-蛋白互作(protein-protein interaction, PPI)网络分析发现,筛选出的核心节点(hub node)基因可能通过调控细胞周期而影响家兔前体脂肪细胞分化。