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1.
This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of a cultured medicinal fungus--Armillariella mellea (Vahl. ex Fr.) Karst. (AM). Three antioxidant assay systems, namely cytochrome c, xanthine oxidase inhibition and FeCl2-ascorbic acid stimulated lipid peroxidation in rat tissue homogenate tests, were used. Total flavonoid and phenol contents of AM extracts were also analyzed. Results showed that both aqueous (AM-H2O) and ethanolic (AM-EtOH) extracts of solid state cultured AM showed antioxidant activities in a concentration-dependent manner. At concentrations 1-100 microg/ml, the free radical scavenging activity was 73.7-92.1% for AM-H2O, and 60.0-90.8% for AM-EtOH. These extracts also showed an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase activity, but with a lesser potency (IC50 - 9.17 microg/ml for AM-H2O and 7.48 microg/ml for AM-EtOH). In general, AM-H2O showed a stronger anti-lipid peroxidation activity on different rat's tissues than AM-EtOH. However, both AM extracts displayed a weak inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation in plasma. Interestingly, the anti-lipid peroxidation activity of AM-H2O (IC50 - 6.66 microg/ml) in brain homogenate was as good as alpha-tocopherol (IC50 - 5.42 microg/ml). AM-H2O (80.0 mg/g) possessed a significant higher concentration of total flavonoids than AM-EtOH (30.0 mg/g), whereas no difference was noted in the total phenol content between these two extracts. These results conclude that AM extracts possess potent free radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation activities, especially the AM-H20 in the brain homogenate. 相似文献
2.
Neda S. Lakić Neda M. Mimica-Dukić Jelena M. Isak Biljana N. Božin 《Central European Journal of Biology》2010,5(3):331-337
The antioxidant properties of methanol extracts of Lady’s Bedstraw (Galium verum L., Rubiaceae) herb from two different localities in Serbia were evaluated. Antioxidant activity was assessed in four different
model systems. Free radical scavenging capacity (RSC) was examined by measuring the scavenging activity of extracts on 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazil
(DPPH) and hydroxyl radical (OH), as well as on hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the protective effects of lipid peroxidation
(LP) in corn oil were evaluated by the TBA-assay using the Fe2+/ascorbate system of induction. The amount of dried extract, the content of total phenolics, flavonoids and chlorophylls was
also determined. Extracts from both locations expressed very strong scavenger activity, reducing the DPPH⊙ (IC50=3.10 μg/mland 8.04 μg/ml) and OH radical formation (IC50=0.05 μg/ml and 0.54 μg/ml) and neutralising H2O2 (IC50=4.98 μg/ml and 3.80 μg/ml), in a dose dependant manner. Also, examined extracts showed notable inhibition of LP (IC50=11.69 μg/ml and 19.47 μg/ml). The observed differences in antioxidant activity could be partially explained by the levels
of phenolics (2.44–4.65 mg and 4.57–5.16 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry extract), flavonoids (6.38–10.70 μg and 15.56–17.96
μg quercetin equivalents/g dry extract) and chlorophylls in the investigated Lady’s Bedstraw extracts. 相似文献
3.
During antioxidant screening using 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and a lipid peroxidation assay, a streptomycete strain
was found to produce herbimycin A and dihydroherbimycin A as antioxidants in the culture filtrate. These molecules were identified
by using spectral analyses, including infrared, ultraviolet, mass spectrum, and nuclear magnetic resonance assays. In the
DPPH radical-scavenging assay, dihydroherbimycin A exhibited more potent antioxidant activity (IC50, 1.3 μM) than α-tocopherol (IC50, 2.7 μM) that was used as a reference compound. In the lipid peroxidation assay, both herbimycin A and dihydroherbimycin
A demonstrated antioxidant activities of 61% and 72%, respectively, at 100 μg/ml, while α-tocopherol exhibited an activity
of 93% at the same concentration. Therefore, dihydroherbimycin A might have the potential to be developed into a new therapeutic
agent. 相似文献
4.
We compared the effects of four quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids – chelerythrine, chelilutine, sanguinarine, and sanguilutine – and two quaternary protoberberine
alkaloids – berberine and coptisine – on the human cell line HeLa (cervix carcinoma cells) and the yeastsSaccharomyces cerevisiae andSchizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis. The ability of alkaloids to display primary fluorescence, allowed us to record their dynamics and localization in cells.
Cytotoxic, anti-microtubular, and anti-actin effects in living cells were studied. In the yeasts, neither microtubules nor
cell growth was seriously affected even at the alkaloid concentration of 100 μg/ml. The HeLa cells, however, responded to
the toxic effect of alkaloids at concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 μg/ml. IC50 values for individual alkaloids were: sanguinarine IC50 = 0.8 μg/ml, sanguilutine IC50 = 8.3 μg/ml, chelerythrine IC50 = 6.2 μg/ml, chelilutine IC50 = 5.2 μg/ml, coptisine IC50 = 2.6 μg/ml and berberine IC50 >10.0 μg/ml. In living cells, sanguinarine produced a decrease in microtubule numbers, particularly at the cell periphery,
at a concentration of 0.1 μg/ml. The other alkaloids showed a similar effect but at higher concentrations (5–50 μg/ml). The
strongest effects of sanguinarine were explained as a consequence of its easy penetration through the cell membrane owing
to nonpolar pseudobase formation and to a high degree of molecular planarity.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Inhibition of human platelet aggregation and membrane lipid peroxidation by food spice, saffron 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The inhibitory activity of saffron extract was studied on human platelets. Platelet aggregation and lipid peroxidation were
evaluated with platelet rich plasma (PRP) and platelet membranes respectively obtained from blood of healthy human volunteers.
Human platelets were subjected to stimulation with a variety of agonists like ADP (61 μM), epinephrine (76 μM), collagen (11
μg/ml), calcium ionophore A 23187 (6 μM) and ristocetin (1.25 μg/ml) in the presence and absence of saffron extract with IC50 being 0.66, 0.35, 0.86 and 0.59 mg respectively and no inhibition with ristocetin. The inhibitory effect was dose dependent
with concentrations varying between 0.16 to 0.80 mg and time dependent at IC50. A significant decrease was observed in malondialdehyde (MDA) formed, one of the end products of arachidonic acid metabolism
and of serotonin released from dense granules of platelets at respective IC50. Lipid peroxidation in platelet membranes induced by iron-ascorbic acid system was inhibited by saffron extract significantly
with IC50 of 0.33 mg. Hence, it may be said that aqueous extract of saffron may have component(s), which protect platelets from aggregation
and lipid peroxidation. (Mol Cell Biochem 278: 59–63, 2005) 相似文献
6.
Pei-Wen Hsieh Li-Chi Hsu Chern-Hsiung Lai Chin-Chung Wu Tsong-Long Hwang Yin-Ku Lin Yang-Chang Wu 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(8):1461-1469
The endophytic extracts from 19 endophytes, isolated from 13 species of Taiwanese plants, were evaluated for biological activity,
including cytotoxicity, anti-platelet aggregation, and anti-inflammatory activity. The extracts of 12 endophytes exhibited
inhibitory effects on collagen-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 19.85–87.64 μg/ml. Four strains, Rahnella aquatilis, Pantoea agglomerans, Rhodotorula sp., and Penicillium paxilli, also showed inhibitory effects on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 42.80–61.54 μg/ml. Additionally 12 extracts of endophytes exhibited cytotoxicities with IC50 values of 0.12–19.83 μg/ml. However, eight extracts revealed inhibitory effects on superoxide anion generation induced by
fMLP (N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine) in human neutrophils. The extract of Rahnella aquatilis showed anti-platelet aggregation activity, and bioassay-directed fractionation led to the isolation of six compounds, including
one isoalloxazine: lumichrome (1); two isoflavones: genistein (2) and daidzein (3); two cyclic peptides: cyclo-Pro-Val (4)
and cyclo-Pro-Phe (5); and one benzenoid: methyl 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (6). These results indicated that endophytes from
Taiwanese herbal plants could be useful sources for research and development of bioactive lead compounds from nature. 相似文献
7.
Hafedh Hajlaoui Najla Trabelsi Emira Noumi Mejdi Snoussi Hanen Fallah Riadh Ksouri Amina Bakhrouf 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(12):2227-2238
The composition of the essential oils and methanolic extracts of two cultivated mint species (M. longifolia and M. pulegium), as well as the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of Mentha longifolia and Mentha pulegium were compared. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil identified 41 compounds constituting 96.66 and 96.13% of the total oil
from M. longifolia and M. pulegium, respectively. The later oils were rich on pulegone (47.15 and 61.11%, respectively). Moreover, 1,8 cineole (11.54%), menthone
(10.7%), α-pinene (3.57%), α-terpineol (3.17%) and d-cadinene (3.53%) were only present in M. longifolia oil, while isomenthone (17.02%), and piperitone (2.63%), were characteristic of M. pulegium oil. Shoot extract of the two species showed significantly different contents in total polyphenols (89.1 and 37.41 mg GAE/g
DW), flavonoids (63.93 and 33.83 mg CE/g DW) and tannins (1.47 and 3.07 mg CE/g DW), respectively in M. longifolia and M. pulegium. The essential oils showed strong antimicrobial activity against all 16 microorganisms tested, whereas the methanol extracts
were inactive. Moreover, the essential oils showed higher antioxidant activity than the methanolic extracts against the DPPH
and superoxide radical scavenging. In fact, antioxidant activities of the oils were the same for both M. longifolia and M. pulegium against DPPH (IC50 = 9 and 10 μg/ml, respectively) and 2-fold and 4-fold higher than shoot extracts (IC50 = 20 and 48 μg/ml, respectively). Moreover, both oils showed the same antioxidative abilities as compared to the positive
control (butylated hydroxytoluene). In the same way, the capacity to inhibit superoxide anion was very significant for the
two oils (0.1 μg/ml for M. longifolia and 0.11 μg/ml for M. pulegium). 相似文献
8.
Karyagina T. B. Gukasova E. A. Bairamashvili D. I. 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2011,58(4):715-720
Low meadow-rue (Thalictrum minus L.) antioxidant complex was studied in cell extracts and culture medium. Its activity was expressed as total polyphenol content
in ferulic acid equivalents. In these model systems (cell extracts and culture medium) the inhibition of lipid oxidation and
diphenylpicrylhydrazine reduction (EC50 = 12–15 μg/ml) were observed. At the phenolic compound concentration of 8–15 μg/ml, the reducing capacity of cell extracts
was equivalent to 1.5 mM ascorbic acid. At the same time, berberine, a major alkaloid synthesized by the culture, manifested
a low antioxidant activity. The analysis of phenolic acid composition in low meadow-rue showed that one of the main components
of its antioxidant system were caffeic, gallic, chlorogenic, and ferulic acids. 相似文献
9.
Isolation and characterization of dihydromonacolin-MV from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Monascus purpureus</Emphasis> for antioxidant properties 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Dhale MA Divakar S Kumar SU Vijayalakshmi G 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2007,73(5):1197-1202
The methanolic extract of Monascus purpureus cultivated by solid-state fermentation on rice showed strong 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity
and better yield as compared to other polarity based extracted fractions. It was selected for further purification of the
antioxidant. The activity-guided repeated fractionation of methanolic extract on a silica gel column chromatography yielded
a compound that exhibited strong antioxidant activity. Based on the spectroscopic analysis by UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D-HSQCT NMR, and MS, the antioxidant isolated was elucidated as a derivative of dihydromonacolin-K, where the ester
group is 2-methyl propionate, designated as dihydromonacolin-MV. The DPPH radical was significantly scavenged by the dihydromonacolin-MV
(IC50 20±1 μg ml−1). The dihydromonacolin-MV showed strong inhibition of lipid peroxidation in a liposome model with an IC50 value of 5.71±0.38 μg ml−1 and superoxide radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 163.97±2.68 μg ml−1. 相似文献
10.
Ilkay Orhan Berrin Özçelik Sinem Aslan Murat Kartal Taner Karaoglu Bilge Şener Salih Terzioglu M. Iqbal Choudhary 《Phytochemistry Reviews》2007,6(1):189-196
Purpose of the present study was to evaluate antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of the petroleum
ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts as well as the alkaloid fraction of Lycopodium clavatum L. (LC) from Lycopodiaceae growing in Turkey. Antioxidant activity of the LC extracts was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) radical-scavenging method at 0.2 mg/ml using microplate-reader assay. Antiviral assessment of LC extracts was evaluated
towards the DNA virus Herpes simplex (HSV) and the RNA virus Parainfluenza (PI-3) using Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) and Vero cell lines. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts
were tested against standard and isolated strains of the following bacteria; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Acinobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis as well as the fungi; Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis. All of the extracts possessed noteworthy activity against ATCC strain of S. aureus (4 μg/ml), while the LC extracts showed reasonable antifungal effect. On the other hand, we found that only the chloroform
extract was active against HSV (16–8 μg/ml), while petroleum ether and alkaloid extracts inhibited potently PI-3 (16–4 μg/ml
and 32–4 μg/ml, respectively). However, all of the extracts had insignificant antiradical effect on DPPH. In addition, we
also analyzed the content of the alkaloid fraction of the plant by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
and identified lycopodine as the major alkaloid. 相似文献
11.
Z. Q. Chang M. H. Hwang M. H. Rhee K. S. Kim J. C. Kim S. P. Lee W. S. Jo S. C. Park 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(2):181-187
The in vitro anti-platelet and antioxidant activities of various solvent extracts from Phellinus gilvus (PG), and the effects of hot water extract from PG (PGW) on murine cellular immunity were investigated. Chloroform extract
(CE), methanol extract (ME) and butanol extract (BE) from PG could significantly inhibit platelet aggregation induced by thrombin.
Ethyl acetate extract (EAE), BE, ME from PG had significant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity compared
with the control, and the EAE showed the highest effect with IC50 values of 13.34 μg/ml, which is higher than that of ascorbic acid (40 μg/ml). In addition, EAE displayed the inhibition of
xanthine oxidase (XO) activity with IC50 value of 2.45 μg/ml. As to the cellular immunity activity, PGW could enhance both the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced B
lymphocyte proliferation and concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. The phagocytosis of both
peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 macrophage cells were also increased by the addition of PGW. Moreover, PGW was found to
inhibit the nitric oxide (NO) production of RAW264.7 macrophages induced by LPS in a concentration-dependant manner. 相似文献
12.
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of folic acid on coronary flow and oxidative stress markers with or without
non-specific inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by l-NAME in isolated rat hearts. The hearts of male Wistar albino rats (n = 12, age 8 weeks, body mass 180–200 g) were retrograde perfused according to the Langendorff technique at gradually increased
constant perfusion pressure (40–120 cmH2O). Coronary flow and markers of oxidative stress: nitrite outflow, superoxide anion production, and index of lipid peroxidation
(by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in coronary effluent were calculated. The experiments were performed
during control conditions and in presence of folic acid (100 μM) alone or folic acid (100 μM) plus l-NAME (30 μM). Control values of coronary flow varied in range from 4.37 ± 0.10 ml/min/g wt at 40 cmH2O to 12.05 ± 0.42 ml/min/g wt at 120 cmH2O. Nitrite outflow varied from 1.68 ± 0.17 nmol/min/g wt at 40 cmH2O to 3.56 ± 0.17 nmol/min/g wt at 120 cmH2O and was parallel with coronary perfusion pressure-coronary flow curve. Folic acid significantly increased coronary flow
(40–120 cmH2O, 5.63 ± 0.10 ml/min/g wt and 15.2 ± 0.42 ml/min/g wt, respectively) and was accompanied by significant increase in nitrite
outflow (2.28 ± 0.29 nmol/min/g wt at 40 cmH2O to 6.66 ± 0.50 nmol/min/g wt at 120 cmH2O). In addition, folic acid significantly decreased superoxide anion production especially at upper coronary perfusion pressure
values (60% at 120 cmH2O) and increased index of lipid peroxidation (37.16% at 120 cmH2O), respectively. Folic acid plus l-NAME did not change control values of coronary flow significantly. However, folic acid plus l-NAME increased nitrite outflow especially at upper coronary perfusion pressure values (43.05% at 120 cmH2O) and did not change significantly superoxide anion production or index of lipid peroxidation versus control values, respectively.
The results clearly showed that on isolated rat hearts at gradually increased constant perfusion pressure, folic acid increased
coronary flow, increased nitrite outflow, decreased superoxide anion production, and increased index of lipid peroxidation.
These effects were reversed or blocked by l-NAME thus demonstrating mediation or at least participation of NO in the mechanism of the folic acid-induced effects. 相似文献
13.
Bimal Kumar Ghimire Eun Soo Seong Eun Jung Goh Eun Young Kang Joung Kuk Ahn Chang Yeon Yu Ill Min Chung 《Plant Growth Regulation》2011,63(1):1-6
Codonopsis lanceolata Trautv (Companulaceae) is a folk medicine in Korea. To shift the content of tocopherol and enhance its antioxidant properties,
we overexpressed the γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-tmt) gene in C. lanceolata. The antioxidant activity of methanolic crude extracts of the transgenic plants was compared to that of control plants using
the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method, with α-tocopherol and butylated hydroxy toluene as standard antioxidants.
The antioxidant activity of the leaf and root extracts of transgenic plants was higher (IC 50 12–17.33 and 408–524 μg/ml, respectively) than that of control plant leaf and root extracts (18 and 529 μg/ml, respectively).
High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of phenolic compounds confirmed an increase in the levels of 12 major phenolic
acids and flavonoids in the leaf and root extracts of transgenic plants compared to control plants. We also found that the
rate of photosynthesis was 48% higher in transgenic plants than in control plants. Based on these results, we suggest that
increases in the α-tocopherol level in transgenic C. lanceolata plants may result in increases in the photosynthetic performance and antioxidant metabolism of these plants. 相似文献
14.
Seyed Mehdi Razavi Saber Zahri Gholamreza Zarrini Hossein Nazemiyeh Sariyeh Mohammadi 《Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry》2009,35(3):376-378
Cytotoxic, phytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of quercetin 3-O-glucoside (Q3G) isolated by HPLC from aerial parts of Prangos ferulaceae was studied by MTT assay, lettuce germination assay, disk diffusion and DPPH method. Our results showed that Q3G exhibits
high antioxidant effect with RC50 of 22 μg/mL, it has low cytotoxicity and no antibacterial effects. Q3G exhibits high phytotoxic effect with IC50 value of 282.7 μg/ml, as well. It is assumed that Q3G does not play a defense role in plants and it may act as an allelopatic
agent.
The article is published in the original. 相似文献
15.
Senka S. Vidović Ibrahim O. Mujić Zoran P. Zeković Žika D. Lepojević Vesna T. Tumbas Aida I. Mujić 《Food biophysics》2010,5(1):49-58
Considering the growing interest for mushrooms and the demand search of natural antioxidants sources, the aim of this study
was to investigate the antioxidant properties of two edible widely used Boletus species, Boletus edulis, and Boletus auranticus, collected from Istra region in Croatia in late summer 2007. To evaluate the antioxidant properties and content of antioxidant
compounds, scavenging capacity on DPPH˙, OH˙, and O2˙− radicals, reducing power and capacity to inhibit lipid peroxidation has been investigated. It is determined that content
of total phenols (41.82 ± 0.08 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry extract) was higher for B. edulis. Using high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector analysis, the main antioxidant compound, variegatic acid,
has been detected and quantified. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate assay was used as a preliminary free radical–scavenging
evaluation. By this assay, it has been found that B. edulis dry mushroom extract exhibits 50% of inhibition value at the extract concentration of 0.016 ± 0.0003 mg/ml. The extracts
were capable of reducing iron(III) and, thus, are capable of donating electrons. Using electron paramagnetic resonance spin-trapping
and spin-probing techniques, activity against relevant reactive species, ˙OH and O2˙− radical, was analyzed for both mushroom extracts. Both investigated extracts are determined as good inhibitors for ˙OH radical
reduction, and both exhibited significant capacity for scavenging O2˙− radical and for that could help to prevent or meliorate oxidative damage. Only B. edulis extract prevents lipid peroxidation. Investigated mushroom extracts could represent easily accessible natural antioxidant
resource. 相似文献
16.
F. W. Wang Z. M. Hou C. R. Wang P. Li D. H. Shi 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(10):2143-2147
The metabolites of endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. from the leaf of Hopea hainanensis were reported for the first time. By bioassay-guided fractionation, the EtOAc extract of a solid-matrix steady culture of
this fungus afforded six compounds, which were identified through a combination of spectral and chemical methods (IR, MS,
1H- and 13C-NMR) to be monomethylsulochrin (1), rhizoctonic acid (2), asperfumoid (3), physcion (4), 7,8-dimethyl-iso-alloxazine (5) and 3,5-dichloro-p-anisic acid (6). Compounds 2, 3 and 6 were obtained from Penicillium sp. for the first time. All of the six isolates were subjected to in vitro bioactive assays including antifungal action against
three human pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger and cytotoxic activity against the human nasopharyngeal epidermoid tumor KB cell line and human liver cancer HepG2 cell line.
As a result, compounds 2–4 and 6 inhibited the growth of C. albicans with MICs of 40.0, 20.0, 50.0 and 15.0 μg/ml, respectively and the compound 6 showed growth inhibition against A. niger with MICs of 40.0 μg/ml. In addition, compounds 1–3 and 6 exhibited cytotoxic activity against KB cell line with IC50 value of 30.0, 20.0, 20.0, 5.0 μg/ml, respectively and against HepG2 cell line with IC50 value of 30.0, 25.0, 15.0, 10.0 μg/ml, respectively. 相似文献
17.
Antimicrobial Butyrolactone I Derivatives from the Ecuadorian Soil Fungus Aspergillus terreus Thorn. var terreus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. E. Cazar G. Schmeda-Hirschmann L. Astudillo 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2005,21(6-7):1067-1075
Summary The fungus Aspergillus terreus Thorn var. terreus isolated from an Ecuador soil sample was cultured in liquid and solid media and yielded three main metabolites identified
as terreic acid (1), butyrolactone I (2) and lovastatin (3). The natural products as well as three synthetic butyrolactone I derivatives were assessed for antimicrobial activity against
Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi as well as for seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, the compounds
were assessed as inhibitors towards the enzymes acetylcholinesterase, β-glucosidase, and β-glucuronidase. Terreic acid, butyrolactone I, butyrolactone 4′,4′′-diacetate (2.1), and 3′-(3-methylbutyl)-butyrolactone II (2.2) were active towards the phytopathogenic bacteria Erwinia carotovora with IC50 of 5 and 4–18 μg/ml, respectively. Under the same experimental conditions, the IC50 of streptomycin was 1.9 μg/ml. 3′-(3-Methylbutyl)-butyrolactone II was moderately active against Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea with IC50 of 21μg/ml and MIC of 15.6 μg/ml, respectively. Butyrolactone I also inhibited germination of the dicot Lactuca sativa with an IC50 of 5 × 10−5 M. The IC50 of reference herbicide acetochlor was 1 × 10−5 M. The effect of 2.2 and 2.3, known as butyrolactone III on Panicum millaceum germination and growth was stronger than that of 2 and 2.1. Reduction of the double bond in the isoprenyl side chain of butyrolactone I increased the antibacterial effect against E. carotovora as well as acetylation. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on the antibacterial effect of butyrolactone derivatives
towards Erwinia carotovora and the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. The butyrolactone I derivative 2.2 presented a moderate inhibitory effect against the enzyme acetylcholinesterase with an IC50 of 47 μg/ml. Under the same experimental conditions, the reference inhibitor galanthamine had an IC50 of 3 μg/ml. 相似文献
18.
Wiyakrutta Suthep Sriubolmas Nongluksna Panphut Wattana Thongon Nuntawan Danwisetkanjana Kannawat Ruangrungsi Nijsiri Meevootisom Vithaya 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2004,20(3):265-272
A total of 81 Thai medicinal plant species collected from forests in four geographical regions of Thailand were examined for
the presence of endophytic fungi with biological activity. Of 582 pure isolates obtained, 360 morphologically distinct fungi
were selected for cultivation on malt Czapek broth and yeast extract sucrose broth, from which extracts were tested for biological
activity. Extracts of 92 isolates could inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC 0.0625–200 μg ml−1) when tested by the microplate Alamar blue assay, while extracts of six inhibited Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 of 1.2–9.1 μg ml−1) as determined by the [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation method. Strong anti-viral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 was observed in 40 isolates
(IC50 of 0.28–50 μg ml−1). The sulphorhodamine B assay for activity against cancer cell lines revealed that 60 were active against human oral epidermoid
carcinoma cells (EC50 0.42–20 μg ml−1) and 48 against breast cancer cells (EC50 0.18–20 μg ml−1). Bioactivity profile was affected by the type of culture medium. Given the high incidence of bioactive extracts and the
fact that most of the isolated fungi could not be identified due to lack of spore formation, the results suggested that Thai
medicinal plants can provide a wide variety of endophytes that might be a potential source of novel bioactive compounds.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Wen Gu 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(9):1677-1683
A total of 48 strains were isolated from the normal tissues of Malus halliana and the EtOAc extracts of their cultures were subjected to primary antimicrobial screening against four test bacteria and
three fungi. As a result, 22 strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least one test microbe. Among them, Alternaria brassicicola ML-P08 showing strong activity (MICs: 0.31–2.50 mg/ml) was selected for further investigation on its secondary metabolites.
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc extract of its liquid culture afforded seven compounds, which were identified as
alternariol (1), alternariol 9-methyl ether (2), altechromone A (3), herbarin A (4), cerevisterol (5), 3β,5α-dihydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (6) and 3β-hydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-5,8,22-trien-7-one (7), respectively, by spectral means (MS, IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR). In vitro antimicrobial assay showed that compound 3 was substantially active against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Candida albicans with the MICs of 3.9, 3.9, 1.8, and 3.9 μg/ml, respectively. Compound 4 also showed pronounced antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum and C. albicans with MICs of both 15.6 μg/ml. In addition, compound 1 exhibited strong xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with the IC50 of 15.5 μM, comparable to that of positive control, allopurinol (IC50: 10.7 μM). 相似文献
20.
V. E. Kataev I. Yu. Strobykina O. V. Andreeva B. F. Garifullin R. R. Sharipova V. F. Mironov R. V. Chestnova 《Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry》2011,37(4):483-491
Conjugates of the antituberculosis drug isoniazid (isonicotinyl hydrazine) and isomeric hydrazides of nicotinic and α-picolinic
acid with glycoside steviolbioside from the Stevia rebaudiana plant and the product of its acid hydrolysis, diterpenoid isosteviol, were synthesized. In addition, isosteviol hydrazide
and hydrazone derivatives as well as conjugates containing two isosteviol moieties joined by a dihydrazide linker were obtained.
The parental compounds and their synthetic derivatives were found to inhibit the in vitro growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37RV). The measured minimal concentrations of stevio-side and steviolbioside, at which the growth of M. tuberculosis was inhibited by 100% (MIC), were 7.5 and 3.8 μg/ml, respectively. MIC values for steviolbioside and isosteviol conjugates
with hydrazides of pyridine carbonic acid were within the ranges of 5–10 and 10–20 μg/ml, respectively. The maximal inhibitory
effect against M. tuberculosis was shown by the isosteviol conjugates with adipic acid dihydrazide (MIC 1.7 and 3.1 μg/ml). Antituberculosis activities
of the tested compounds were higher than the activity of antituberculosis drug Pyrizanamide (MIC 20 μg/ml) but lower than
that of antituberculosis drug isoniazid (MIC 0.02–0.04 μg/ml). 相似文献