高效液相色谱法测定羊痫疯丸中盐酸小檗碱含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定羊痫疯丸中盐酸小檗碱含量的方法。方法：采用Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）色谱柱,流动相：乙腈-0．05mol／L磷酸二氢钠溶液（用磷酸调节pH值至3）（25：75）,流速：1．0mL／min,检测波长264nm,柱温40℃。结果：线形范围是：盐酸小檗碱0．0446～1．1150μg,r=0．9998（n=5）。平均回收率为97．25％,RSD为3．14％。结论：方法简便、快速准确,重现性好。可作为羊痫疯丸的质量控制方法。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定复合薯片中丙烯酰胺

建立了一种利用固相萃取小柱与高效液相色谱联用,采用光电二极管阵列检测器测定复合薯片中丙烯酰胺的方法。以0．1％的甲酸水溶液为提取试剂,采用Waters Oasis HLB固相萃取小柱（200mg／6cc）对提取液净化处理,然后以流动相为甲醇／水（5：95,V：V）,流速为0．6mL／min,检测波长为210nm,利用AgilentC18反相色谱柱进样分析。在该条件下丙烯酰胺的回收率达80％以上,最低检测限小于10ng／mL。该方法操作简便、重复性好、稳定性高,可用于油炸复合薯片中丙烯酰胺的快速检测。     

虫草制品中腺苷和虫草素含量的RP-HPLC分析

采用超声提取,反相高效液相色谱方法分析了各种虫草制品中的腺苷和虫草素的含量,以含0．05mol／L 的磷酸二氢钾：甲醇（85／15,V／V）作为流动相。检测波长为260nm。进样量为10μL,40℃条件下检测。在5mg／L到250mg／L的浓度范围内呈线性相关。研究显示利用蒸馏水在60℃超声提取20min,腺苷和虫草素的回收率在85％-95％之间。     

猪卵母细胞不同孤雌激活方法

研究了离子霉素、电场强度、电脉冲次数和电刺激-化学联合激活对猪卵母细胞孤雌激活的影响,以出现分裂球为激活的标准。结果表明：（1）10μmol／L离子霉素处理5min的激活率62．97％（17／27）与处理10min、15min的激活率62．50％（15／24）、65．21％（15／23）差异不显著（P〉0．05）。（2）以电场强度120V／mm,脉冲次数3次处理猪卵母细胞的激活率66．67％（30／45）与60V／mm、80V／in／n、100V／mm的激活率40．98％（17／42）、44．11％（15／34）、46．19％（18／39）有显著差异（P〈0．05）,但与140V／mm、160V／mm的激活率63．89％（23／36）、64．10％（25／39）无显著差异（P〉0．05）。（3）以电场强度120V／mm,不同电脉冲次数进行激活。以2次电脉冲激活猪卵母细胞的激活率67．40％（31／46）与1次、3次电脉冲的激活率62．80％（27／43）、68．30％（28／41）无显著差异（P〉0．05）。（4）以电场强度120V／mm,2次电脉冲与10μmol／L离子霉素处理5min联合激活猪卵母细胞的激活率84．84％（29／33）与只用电场强度120V／mm,2次电脉冲的激活率67．64％（23／34）差异显著（P〈0．05）。实验结果表明：电场强度120V／mm,2次电脉冲与10μmol／L离子霉素处理5min联合处理激活能有效提高猪卵母细胞孤雌激活的激活率。     

HPLC测定炎消迪娜糖浆中大黄酚的含量

本文用HPLC法测定炎消迪娜儿糖浆中大黄酚的含量。色谱条件：采用Luna 5u C18柱,流动相为甲醇-水（含0．1％醋酸）（98：2,v／v）,检测波长254nm。：大黄酚在0．008～0．088μg（r=0．9997）范围内成线性关系。平均回收率（n=9）为98．79％,RSD为2．24。实验结果表明本法简便,可靠,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

逆相蒸发法制备茶多酚脂质体及质量评价

采用逆相蒸发法制备茶多酚脂质体并进行质量评价。通过二次回归旋转组合设计优化茶多酚脂质体制备工艺及配方,对其形态、结构、粒径分布等性质进行考察。研究结果表明,最佳配方为m（大豆卵磷脂）：m（胆固醇）=3：1、茶多酚质量浓度为7mg／mL、V（有机相）：V（水相）=4：1、磷酸盐缓冲液浓度15mmoL／L,此条件下包封率为50．37％;所制备的茶多酚脂质体形态呈圆球形或椭球形,为大单室脂质体,有效粒径为165．3nm,Zeta电位为-69．3mV。逆相蒸发法制备茶多酚脂质体方法简单可行,所制备的脂质体具有一定缓释性。     

不同周龄Balb／c小鼠脏器质量及其变化趋势分析

目的：测定不同周龄Balb／c小鼠主要脏器质量、脏器系数,并进行比较。方法：取120只3周龄、5周龄、7周龄的Balb／c小鼠,雌雄各半,精确测量小鼠体重和主要脏器质量,计算脏器系数。结果：①雌性与雄性Balb／c小鼠脏器质量相比较：3周龄时肝、脾有显著差异（P〈0．05）;5周龄时肝有非常显著差异（P〈0．01）,脾、肺有显著差异（P〈0．05）;7周龄时肝、肺及双肾有非常显著差异（P〈0．01）,心、脾有显著差异（P〈0．05）。②雌性与雄性Balb／c小鼠脏器系数相比较：3周龄时肝、脾有显著差异（P〈0．05）;5周龄时肝、脾有非常显著差异（P〈0．01）,膀胱有显著差异（P〈0．05）;7周龄时肺、双肾有非常显著差异（P〈0．01）,脾、膀胱有显著差异（P〈0．05）。结论：随着周龄的增长,Balb／c雌、雄性小鼠之间,存在差异的脏器也在增多。     

甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂热贮稳定性研究

采用高效液相色谱法分析甲维盐微乳剂,以甲醇＋0．2％三乙胺溶液＋乙腈（V：V：V=30：30：40）为流动相,采用XterraRP184．6150mm色谱柱,检测波长245nm,测得54±2℃条件下14d分解率为3．42％。室内毒力测定热贮前后1％甲维盐微乳剂Lc50分别为0．499mg／L和0．524mg／L,热贮分解率为4．78％,与高效液相色谱测定结果基本一致。     

孤啡肽对大鼠顶叶皮层神经元瞬时外向钾电流的抑制作用

目的：研究孤啡肽（N／OFQ）对大鼠顶叶皮层神经元瞬时外向钾电流（IA）的影响,初步探讨其作用的通道动力学机制。方法：采用全细胞膜片钳技术,观察N／OFQ对急性分离的大鼠顶叶皮层神经元IA的作用。结果：①0．1μmol／L N／OFQ使IA幅值由给药前的（5356．1±361．6）pA下降为（4113．3±312．7）pA,抑制率为23．20％±2．17％（P〈0．01,n=10）。②0．1μmol／L N／OFQ使IA的电流-电压（I-V）曲线降低（P〈0．01,n=10）。③0．1μmol／L N／OFQ使,IA激活曲线的半数激活电压（V1／2）和斜率因子（κ）分别由给药前的（-9．2±2．5）mV和（20．4±2．3）mV变为给药后的（30．6±3．7）mV（P〈0．01,n=8）和（22．6±2．1）mV（P〉0．05,n=8）。④0．1μmol／L N／OFQ使IA失活曲线的半数失活电压（V1／2）和斜率因子（κ）分别由给药前的（-64．1±3．2）mV和（21．5±2．1）mV变为给药后的（-55．9±1．9）mV（P〈0．05,n=5）和（19．6±2．2）mV（P〉0．05,n=5）。结论：N／OFQ可抑制大鼠顶叶皮层神经元IA,使其激活曲线、失活曲线均右移。     

泥胡菜中芦丁含量分析

建立高效液相色谱法测定泥胡菜中芦丁的方法,优化芦丁的提取工艺。使用Diamonsil（TM）C18柱,流动相：乙腈-0．4％磷酸溶液（20：80）,检测波长：255nm,流速：1ml／min,柱温：30℃。样品用50％乙醇超声提取30min提取率最高为0．166％;芦丁在0．1～2．0μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9994）,平均加样回收率99．3％（RSD=0．8％,n=5）。该方法准确、快速、重现性好,可作为控制泥胡菜质量的有效测定方法。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.