针刺内关穴对心律失常病人脉象频域特性的影响

目的研究针刺内关穴对心律失常病人脉象频域特性的影响。方法以15例临床心律失常病人为研究对象,使用自主设计的针刺仪与脉象仪,检测针刺内关穴前后的脉象图以及针刺过程中针体受力数据,采用粗粒谱法对脉象数据进行频域分析,以所得功率谱中主频幅值P1与次主频幅值P2的比值作为特征参数,比较针刺前后此特征参数的变化。结果针刺前后脉象功率谱的特征参数发生显著性改变(P<0.05)。结论针刺内关穴使心血管系统获得优化方向的调节,从而有利于心率失常患者的心功能康复。     

一种描述针刺对脉象影响的方法

针刺与脉象在传统中医观念中是紧紧联系在一起的。本课题针对这一传统理论,建立一个基于频域上的模拟函数得出的脉象频谱数学模型,并用此模型来检验针刺前后脉象发生的结构上的变化。由量化的脉象信号得出的大量统计数据显示,脉象在频域上的包络线呈指数衰减的趋势,并且针刺后其拟合率更高。由统计结果得出,脉象在频域上的衰减率明显增大。同时,从数学上说明了其衰减率的增大等价于脉象在时域上的降中峡、重搏波,及低频涨落程度的变化,也对时域上的脉象作了新的数学模型的模拟。本项研究证实了针刺对脉象具有调整作用。     

人体脉象仪动态测量分析系统研制成功

上海重旦大学麦克公司自行研制成功人体脉象动态测量分析系统。该系统选用的传感器和信号放大、转换系统能有效地接收人体挠动脉处的脉博信号,并将此信号用脉图曲线的形成显示出来,实现了将被检测者实     

利用调制荧光仪在线监测叶绿素荧光

介绍了利用便携式调制荧光仪PAM-2100在线监测叶绿素荧光的技术。该技术不影响植物的自然光合状态,司以在线监测Ft、F′m、Y、rETR、qP、qN或NPQ、PAR和叶温等指标。以凤眼莲为例进行了在线监测,每隔5min监测一次,共进行了225min的监测。结果表明叶绿索荧光参数的变化依赖于PAR的变化。Ft、rETR、qN和NPQ的变化与PAR的变化趋势一致,F′m、Y和qP的变化与PAR的变化相反。通过对风眼莲的在线监测,说明该技术是可靠的,具有简单、快速、灵敏等特点。随着新型调制荧光仪的出现,该技术可能在植物生态学领域得到广泛应用。     

TYXN—91智能血液凝集仪——(上海通用电机电技术研究和上海通用医用仪器公司研制生产)

TYXN—91智能血液凝集仪是根据光电比浊法原理而设计的,具有血小板聚集测定和凝血时间测定的两大功能,并自动描绘聚集曲线及打印实验报告的智能化临床检验仪器。 TYXN—91智能血液凝集仪的组成有: 1.光电检测系统:采用红外光谱(避免可见光干扰)的发射和接受元件组成光电比浊系统。当被测样品置于发射和接受元件之中,样品在实验中浊度的变化引起光电信号的变化。从该变化信号中取出在血浆状态下血小板聚集程度的变化量和血浆在凝血试剂参与下,生成纤维蛋白质和凝固时的光     

新型聚焦超声针刺仪的研制

运用"针形声场",研制可模拟传统针刺的入针、提插、捻转和留针等行针手法的新型聚焦超声针刺仪,可同时6路输出,为针刺组穴配伍提供可能。经临床验证,运用该仪器治疗具有显著有效性。     

免疫测定仪近期国际市场预测

临床实验室将兴起利用抗体一抗原反应检测和治疗疾病的热潮,预计到1990年,有关的仪器销售额将增加一倍。1984年销售额为1.47亿美元,今后的年增长率为25%。无法与用放射免疫测定(RIA)装备的大实验室竞争的较小的实验室是酶免疫测定(EIA)设备的主顾。EIA 测定仪器占1983年免疫测定仪市场的52%。即0.55亿美元,1985年估计     

磁分离仪分离磁性细菌的新方法

磁性细菌胞内可以产生磁性颗粒,因此具有趋磁性,基于这种特性,利用磁分离的原理,本研究开发了一种磁性细菌分离仪,提供了一种分离磁性细菌的新方法。以氧化亚铁硫杆菌为例,使用磁性细菌分离仪进行分离,可以得到强磁菌和弱磁菌。利用透射电镜观察,强磁菌胞内磁性颗粒明显多于弱磁菌;半固体平板磁泳实验也表明强磁菌趋磁性明显强于弱磁菌。各项实验结果表明磁性细菌分离仪可以有效地分离磁性细菌,这是一种分离磁性细菌的新方法,将促进磁性细菌分离培养的研究。     

神经冲动积分仪

本文主要介绍一种新的神经冲动积分仪结构原理。由于在仪器设计中,采用了线性的模数转换和十二位(BIN)的数模转换电路,配合其它数字逻辑之后,使仪器除了具有置零积分,平均值电路功能外,还具有频率直方图和幅度直方图处理功能,并同时有六位数字显示和声音监听,尤其更适合于用来描绘变化较慢而又需长时间观察的各种生物电的实验信息。线路中由于设置了去除电刺激伪迹装置和阈值电平调节,使仪器能有效地抑制各种干扰信号。     

一种新型的脑电位分布处理仪

我们研制的BKC-1型脑电处理仪,也称为脑电地形图仪。它是一种新颖的脑电信息处理仪器,采用高档微机(有高精度A/D转换接口)、精密的AR参数模型和快速傅立叶变换(FFT)相结合的脑电波处理软件。可直接与现有的国内外各种类型的脑电仪连接,能对多种脑电信号进行数据采集和处理。脑电位分布处理仪原理框图如图1所示。它用电子计算机对脑电图(EEG)信号进行处理,将脑电图的曲线波形转化成二维的彩色图象。同普通脑电图信号相比,它     

Vitalstim治疗仪联合针灸治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效观察

目的:探讨Vitalstim治疗仪联合针灸治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效及并发症发生率。方法:纳入我科住院的卒中后吞咽障碍患者60例,采用随机表法分为Vitalstim治疗仪组,针灸治疗组,Vitalstim治疗仪联合针灸治疗组,完成4个疗程。评价治疗前后各组间洼田饮水实验、SSA评分,及疗效及并发症发生率。结果:三组治疗前后洼田饮水实验评分、SSA评分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,联合治疗组洼田饮水实验评分明显高于Vitalstim治疗组和针灸治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);联合治疗组SSA评分明显低于Vitalstim治疗组和针灸治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Vitalstim组治疗组、针灸治疗组有效率分别为70.00%、75%,明显低于联合治疗组90%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Vitalstim组治疗组、针灸治疗组并发症发生率分别为40%、35%,明显高于于联合治疗组15%,三组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:Vitalstim治疗仪联合针治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍,明显提高治疗效果,降低并发症的发生率,临床应用值得推广。     

Proteomic Response to Acupuncture Treatment in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Previous animal and clinical studies have shown that acupuncture is an effective alternative treatment in the management of hypertension, but the mechanism is unclear. This study investigated the proteomic response in the nervous system to treatment at the Taichong (LR3) acupoint in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Unanesthetized rats were subject to 5-min daily acupuncture treatment for 7 days. Blood pressure was monitored over 7 days. After euthanasia on the 7^th day, rat medullas were dissected, homogenized, and subject to 2D gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF analysis. The results indicate that blood pressure stabilized after the 5th day of acupuncture, and compared with non-acupoint treatment, Taichong-acupunctured rat’s systolic pressure was reduced significantly (P<0.01), though not enough to bring blood pressure down to normal levels. The different treatment groups also showed differential protein expression: the 2D images revealed 571±15 proteins in normal SD rats’ medulla, 576±31 proteins in SHR’s medulla, 597±44 proteins in medulla of SHR after acupuncturing Taichong, and 616±18 proteins in medulla of SHR after acupuncturing non-acupoint. In the medulla of Taichong group, compared with non-acupoint group, seven proteins were down-regulated: heat shock protein-90, synapsin-1, pyruvate kinase isozyme, NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2, protein kinase C inhibitor protein 1, ubiquitin hydrolase isozyme L1, and myelin basic protein. Six proteins were up-regulated: glutamate dehydrogenase 1, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, glutathione S-transferase M5, Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 1, DJ-1 protein and superoxide dismutase. The altered expression of several proteins by acupuncture has been confirmed by ELISA, Western blot and qRT-PCR assays. The results indicate an increase in antioxidant enzymes in the medulla of the SHRs subject to acupuncture, which may provide partial explanation for the antihypertensive effect of acupuncture. Further studies are warranted to investigate the role of oxidative stress modulation by acupuncture in the treatment of hypertension.     

Decreased Peripheral and Central Responses to Acupuncture Stimulation following Modification of Body Ownership

Acupuncture stimulation increases local blood flow around the site of stimulation and induces signal changes in brain regions related to the body matrix. The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is an experimental paradigm that manipulates important aspects of bodily self-awareness. The present study aimed to investigate how modifications of body ownership using the RHI affect local blood flow and cerebral responses during acupuncture needle stimulation. During the RHI, acupuncture needle stimulation was applied to the real left hand while measuring blood microcirculation with a LASER Doppler imager (Experiment 1, N = 28) and concurrent brain signal changes using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI; Experiment 2, N = 17). When the body ownership of participants was altered by the RHI, acupuncture stimulation resulted in a significantly lower increase in local blood flow (Experiment 1), and significantly less brain activation was detected in the right insula (Experiment 2). This study found changes in both local blood flow and brain responses during acupuncture needle stimulation following modification of body ownership. These findings suggest that physiological responses during acupuncture stimulation can be influenced by the modification of body ownership.     

“面口合谷收”的脑机制

"面口合谷收"是上千年来祖国医学在医疗实践中的经验总结,指位于手阳明大肠经的"合谷穴"能有效治疗大肠经远端循行所过部位"面口部"的疾患(如牙痛、面神经麻痹等).本研究采用单电极和阵列电极电生理技术探讨来自口面部和手部的传入在恒河猴感觉皮层神经元的位域关系,探讨"面口合谷收"的脑机制.在3b区可以记录到外周感受野分布在合谷穴区和口面部相互毗邻的神经元,也记录到合谷-下唇双感受野的会聚神经元.电生理学绘制3b皮层位域图的结果表明,这些神经元确实是在3b皮层并不重合但相互接壤.结扎正中神经和桡神经3个月后3b皮层拇指-口面交接部神经元能够发生可塑性变化.口面部刺激引起反应皮层位域明显扩大深入到拇指的皮层1~2 mm处,表明拇指皮层位域发生了明显的功能重组.本研究表明,"面口合谷收"的脑机制是相互间的接壤关系,并在神经损伤情况下会发生相互"入侵"的脑功能重组的可塑性变化.     

激光针灸理论与光剂量选择

激光针灸和传统针灸由于物理过程的差异其治疗机理不同。应用生物能量模型定量讨论激光热作用效应,利用几何光学模型解释光作用力的产生及其作用。根据光子中医理论和物理学基本原理,从理论角度探讨激光针灸作机理,并分析影响激光针灸作用的基本因素和最佳治疗光剂量。     

Evaluation of Phantom-Based Education System for Acupuncture Manipulation

BackgroundAlthough acupuncture manipulation has been regarded as one of the important factors in clinical outcome, it has been difficult to train novice students to become skillful experts due to a lack of adequate educational program and tools.ObjectivesIn the present study, we investigated whether newly developed phantom acupoint tools would be useful to practice-naïve acupuncture students for practicing the three different types of acupuncture manipulation to enhance their skills.MethodsWe recruited 12 novice students and had them practice acupuncture manipulations on the phantom acupoint (5% agarose gel). We used the Acusensor 2 and compared their acupuncture manipulation techniques, for which the target criteria were depth and time factors, at acupoint LI11 in the human body before and after 10 training sessions. The outcomes were depth of needle insertion, depth error from target criterion, time of rotating, lifting, and thrusting, time error from target criteria and the time ratio.ResultsAfter 10 training sessions, the students showed significantly improved outcomes in depth of needle, depth error (rotation, reducing lifting/thrusting), thumb-forward time error, thumb-backward time error (rotation), and lifting time (reinforcing lifting/thrusting).ConclusionsThe phantom acupoint tool could be useful in a phantom-based education program for acupuncture-manipulation training for students. For advanced education programs for acupuncture manipulation, we will need to collect additional information, such as patient responses, acupoint-specific anatomical characteristics, delicate tissue-like modeling, haptic and visual feedback, and data from an acupuncture practice simulator.     

Can Acupuncture Treatment Be Double-Blinded? An Evaluation of Double-Blind Acupuncture Treatment of Postoperative Pain

Blinding protects against bias but the success of blinding is seldom assessed and reported in clinical trials including studies of acupuncture where blinding represents a major challenge. Recently, needles with the potential for double-blinding were developed, so we tested if acupuncture can be double-blinded in a randomized study of sixty-seven patients with acute pain ≥ 3 (0-10 scale following third molar removal) who received active acupuncture with a penetrating needle or placebo acupuncture with a non-penetrating needle. To test if acupuncture was administered double-blind, patients and acupuncturists were asked about perceived treatment allocation at the end of the study. To test if there were clues which led to identification of the treatment, deep dull pain associated with needle application and rotation (termed “de qi” in East Asian medicine), and patients’ pain levels were assessed. Perceived treatment allocation depended on actual group allocation (p < 0.015) for both patients and acupuncturists, indicating that the needles were not successful in double-blinding. Up to 68% of patients and 83% of acupuncturists correctly identified the treatment, but for patients the distribution was not far from 50/50. Also, there was a significant interaction between actual or perceived treatment and the experience of de qi (p = 0.027), suggesting that the experience of de qi and possible non-verbal clues contributed to correct identification of the treatment. Yet, of the patients who perceived the treatment as active or placebo, 50% and 23%, respectively, reported de qi. Patients’ acute pain levels did not influence the perceived treatment. In conclusion, acupuncture treatment was not fully double-blinded which is similar to observations in pharmacological studies. Still, the non-penetrating needle is the only needle that allows some degree of practitioner blinding. The study raises questions about alternatives to double-blind randomized clinical trials in the assessment of acupuncture treatment.     

Acupuncture ameliorated skeletal muscle atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension in mice

Preventing skeletal muscle atrophy is critical for maintaining quality of life, but it is often a challenging goal for the elderly and patients with severe conditions. We hypothesized that acupuncture in place of exercise training is an alternative non-pharmacological intervention that can help to prevent muscle atrophy. To elucidate the effects of acupuncture on skeletal muscle atrophy caused by hindlimb suspension (HS), we performed acupuncture on mice according to two different methods: acupuncture with electrical stimulation (EA: electroacupuncture) and without electrical stimulation (MA: manual acupuncture). A needle was retained in the gastrocnemius muscle for 30 min every day for 2 weeks in the EA and MA groups. In the EA group, 30 min of repetitive electrical stimulation (1 Hz, 1 ms pulse width, 6.5 mA intensity) was also applied. HS significantly reduced muscle mass and the cross-sectional area of the soleus muscles. This HS-induced reduction was significantly improved in the EA group, although the level of improvement remained insufficient when compared with the control group. We found that the mRNA expression levels of atrogin-1 and MuRF1, which play a principal role in muscle-specific degradation as E3 ubiquitin ligases, were significantly increased in the HS group compared to the control group. EA and MA reduced the HS-induced upregulation of atrogin-1 (p < 0.01 in EA and MA) and MuRF1 (p < 0.01 in EA) mRNAs. We also found that the expression levels of PI3K, Akt1, TRPV4, adenosine A1 receptor, myostatin, and SIRT1 mRNAs tended to be increased by HS. EA and MA further increased the HS-induced upregulation of Akt1 (p < 0.05 in MA) and TRPV4 (p < 0.05 in MA) mRNAs. We concluded that acupuncture partially prevented skeletal muscle atrophy. This effect might be due to an increase in protein synthesis and a decrease in protein degradation.