Les Actinomycoses rénales

Sans résumé     

Radiopharmaceutiques et réglementations

The radiopharmaceuticals are products that combine two very stringent regulatory requirements from two different authorities: as medicine from a pharmaceutical point of view (Afssaps) and as radioactive source with specific authorization (ASN). This article discusses the different regulatory constraints imposed by these authorities but suggests also that legislation is supposed to be modified in the coming years in collaboration with nuclear physicians and their Society (SFMN).     

Cancer et Hérédité

Sans résumé     

Une formation nucléaire paracristalline dans les cellules tubulaires proximales rénales de chien

Résumé Des inclusions intranucléaires paracristallines ont été mises en évidence dans les tubes proximaux de reins de chien. Ces inclusions sont constituées par une répétition régulière d'unités élémentaires microtubulaires de 85±15 Å de diamètre avec une périodicité de 120±20 Å. Elles ne sont jamais en contact ni avec le nucléole ni avec la membrane nucléaire. L'étude histochimique montre qu'il s'agit d'inclusions de nature protéique. Ces inclusions ont été observées à la fois dans les reins greffés (autogreffes) après conservation dans un perfusat artificiel (selon «Collins» ou «Perfudex») pendant 24 heures à 0°C et dans les reins normaux. N'étant jamais rencontrées au niveau de cellules rénales lésées, il ne semble pas que ces inclusions expriment une dégénérescence cellulaire.

---

Paracrystalline nuclear inclusions in the proximal tubule cells of the canine kidney

Summary The occurrence of intranuclear paracrystalline inclusions in proximal tubules of the canine kidney is described. These inclusions are composed of a regular repetition of microtubular elementary units of 85±15 Å thickness with a periodicity of 120±20 Å. They have no contact with the nucleolus or the nuclear membrane. Histochemical findings suggest that these inclusions may be proteinaceous. They are both observed in grafted kidneys (autografts) after conservation during 24 hours at 0°C in a synthetic solution (according to Collins or Perfudex) and in normal kidneys. There were no signs of degeneration in cells containing such inclusions; therefore, the possibility that these structures are of degenerative nature seems less probable.

     

Synthèses et réductions de sucres fonctionnels mono et diinsaturés

Attempts to prepare 1,2:5,6 and 2,3:5,6 di-unsaturated sugars starting from 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-1,2-dideo xy-d-arabino-hex-1-enitol or from ethyl 4,6-di-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-2,3-dideoxy-α-d-erythro-hex-2-enopyranoside led to 1,5-anhydro-1,2,6-trideoxy-l-threo-hex-5-enitol and its 3,4-diacetate. Hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of the unsaturated chloro and fluoro derivatives afforded 1,5-anhydro-1,2,6-trideoxy-d-arabino-hexitol and ethyl 4-O-acetyl-2,3,6-trideoxy-α-d-erythro-hexopyranoside.     

Hypoglycémie spontanée et insuffisance rénale chronique.

Although glucose intolerance occurs as a consequence of chronic renal failure, improvement of a diabetic state by deterioration of renal function is a well known phenomenon. Recently occasional cases of spontaneous hypoglycemia in patients with chronic renal failure have been reported; two such cases and the results of metabolic studies are described in this paper. Pituitary, thyroid and adrenal function appeared to be normal. The results of an oral glucose tolerance test were normal; an appropriate insulin response was demonstrated in one patient, and a slightly elevated basal insulin value with a delayed insulin response to oral administration of glucose was demonstrated in the other. An insulin tolerance test did not support the hypothesis of increased insulin sensitivity as a factor, and the growth hormone response to hypoglycemia was normal. An intravenous glucagon test caused a subnormal increase in plasma glucose concentration, and the intravenous administration of tolbutamide produced hypoglycemia without an increase insulin sensitivity as a factor, and the growth hormone response to hypoglycemia was normal. An intravenous glucagon test caused a subnormal increase in plasma glucose concnetration, and the intravenous administration of tolbutamide produced hypoglycemia without an increase in insulin values. The plasma alanine concentration was low and the proinsulin/insulin ratio was increased. The origin of this hypoglycemia is not clear but is probably multifactorial. However, low hepatic glycogen stores and inadequate gluconeogenesis due to substrate deficiency seem to be involved.     

Familles moléculaires et réactions croisées en allergie

Le risque pour une personne de développer des manifestations allergiques est plus grand si elle a des antécédents familiaux d’allergie: on parle de terrain atopique.     

Scintigraphie de perfusion cérébrale positionnelle : résultats physiologiques et applications cliniques

To assess the impact of standing on brain perfusion, 125 brain perfusion scans in the upright and supine position were performed, including 108 patients. Perfusion values were compared using a relative quantitative approach and a segmentation of vascular territories with the help of an atlas of brain perfusion. We found a change in the distribution of the perfusion in favor of the vertebro-basilar system in the upright position. We discuss the case of a patient whose symptoms could be explained with the help of the comparison of brain perfusion scans in the upright and supine position. Atheromatous and post-dissection stenosis and their influence on perfusion are also discussed.     

Illustrations pratiques – aspects pratiques et réglementaires

Quality and regulatory controls in hybrid nuclear medicine, layout and installations constraints, Diagnostic Reference values and regulatory and mandatory information in the medical report are presented in that part.