南海北部琼东南盆地崖北凹陷渐新世沟鞭藻类

本文选取南海北部琼东南盆地崖北凹陷Y-2-X井2 197.6～4 288.5 m井段60个样品进行了沟鞭藻化石分析,结果每个样品均发现了沟鞭藻化石,共鉴定34属60种.根据沟鞭藻分布特征,对研究井段的地层进行了划分.2 197.6～2 548.1 m井段,沟鞭藻化石稀少,未建立组合.2 709.7～4 288.5 m建...     

黑龙江省三江盆地206孔早白垩世非海相沟鞭藻组合

描述了三江盆地２０６孔早白垩世非海相沟鞭藻化石，其中２新种。建立１沟鞭藻组合，探讨了含藻类化石层位的地质时代及沉积环境，并据藻类化石赋存情况，推测了盆地有利的生油层段。     

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地早白垩世滴道组的沟鞭藻类

首次描述鸡西盆地滴道组的沟鞭藻化石２新种：Ｌagenorhytis granorugosus sp.nov．和Ｖesperopsis di-daoensis so.nov.;讲座沟鞭藻组合特征,地质时代及沉积环境;认为滴道组含沟鞭藻化石的层 的时代为早白垩世早期,很可能为Ｂerriasian-Valanginian期。沟鞭藻化石证实,在早白垩世早期滴道组沉积时,鸡西盆地曾遭受短暂的弱的海水影响。     

南极洲早第三纪的沟鞭藻

本文研究的标本是我国南极洲考察队采自南极半岛北端,同层标本中含有可见于白垩纪至中始新世的双壳类化石Aphrodina sp.,据所含沟鞭藻和孢粉化石的研究,其时代为始新世。文中对13属15种包括4未定种1个新种的沟鞭藻进行了描述,并根据沟鞭藻组合的成分分析,对古地理、古气候、古生态进行了初步探讨。     

山东东营凹陷晚更新世海相沟鞭藻类

本文首次描述山东东营凹陷晚更新世海侵层中的沟鞭藻类化石12种含1亚种1比较种和1新种(Dissiliodinium tuberculatum sp．nov．),归属于6属3科;简要介绍了沟鞭藻组合特征。     

沟鞭藻的起源:分子地球化学证据

沟鞭藻为单细胞的原始的海洋生物。古生物学家根据形态特征,超微结构和生物化学信息认为沟鞭藻可能在前寒武纪时已存在,并推测古生代疑源类可能是现代沟鞭藻的先祖,但确凿的沟鞭藻囊孢的化石记录始于晚三叠世。生物标志物以分子化石的形式记录了沟鞭藻的起源及演化历史。在古生代及前寒武纪地层中甲藻甾烷及三芳沟鞭藻的检出,建立了沟鞭藻与其古代先祖（疑源类）的联系,提供了沟鞭藻先祖前寒武纪存在的证据。     

新疆准噶尔盆地南缘始新统安集海河组下段淡水沟鞭藻类

本文首次从新疆准噶尔盆地南缘昌吉河西岸安集海河组下段下部描述了4个沟鞭藻化石新种,分别为:Muiradinium granulatum sp. nov., M. humile sp. nov., M. incurvatum sp. nov.和M. laevigatum sp. nov.,并简述了沟鞭藻的组合特征。研究认为,当前的化石组合面貌指示一种淡水湖相沉积环境,其地层时代为始新世。     

南海北部琼东南盆地渐新世-上新世沟鞭藻指示的沉积环境北大核心CSCD

通过对南海北部琼东南盆地渐新世—上新世3个钻井剖面412个沟鞭藻样品的系统分析,发现了较丰富的沟鞭藻化石。根据沟鞭藻化石丰度、分异度变化以及特征性的环境指示种,对琼东南盆地渐新世至上新世的沉积环境进行了详细研究。认为研究区从早渐新世早期海水开始入侵,至早渐新世晚期海侵范围进一步扩大,一直持续到晚渐新世;早中新世沟鞭藻化石数量和种类明显出现低谷,发生了一次较为明显的海退;中中新世至晚中新世,沟鞭藻化石较丰富,丰度和分异度增加,海水明显比早中新世沉积时期加深;早上新世早期,指示海侵的化石属种较丰富,反映了温暖浅海的沉积环境;早上新世晚期,指示一种开阔的海洋环境,水体较深;晚上新世早期,沟鞭藻化石属种面貌反映了热带浅海环境,但水体可能比早上新世晚期沉积时要浅;晚上新世晚期,指示海侵的沟鞭藻化石属种达到最繁盛时期,海侵范围进一步扩大。     

南海北部琼东南盆地渐新世—上新世沟鞭藻指示的沉积环境

通过对南海北部琼东南盆地渐新世—上新世3个钻井剖面412个沟鞭藻样品的系统分析,发现了较丰富的沟鞭藻化石。根据沟鞭藻化石丰度、分异度变化以及特征性的环境指示种,对琼东南盆地渐新世至上新世的沉积环境进行了详细研究。认为研究区从早渐新世早期海水开始入侵,至早渐新世晚期海侵范围进一步扩大,一直持续到晚渐新世;早中新世沟鞭藻化石数量和种类明显出现低谷,发生了一次较为明显的海退;中中新世至晚中新世,沟鞭藻化石较丰富,丰度和分异度增加,海水明显比早中新世沉积时期加深;早上新世早期,指示海侵的化石属种较丰富,反映了温暖浅海的沉积环境;早上新世晚期,指示一种开阔的海洋环境,水体较深;晚上新世早期,沟鞭藻化石属种面貌反映了热带浅海环境,但水体可能比早上新世晚期沉积时要浅;晚上新世晚期,指示海侵的沟鞭藻化石属种达到最繁盛时期,海侵范围进一步扩大。     

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地城子河组下部早白垩世欧特里夫晚期海相沟鞭 …

描述黑龙江省东部西盆地典型的城子河组下部海相层（包括南部带海相层,即原“石河北组”）的沟鞭藻类化石１５属１９种,含１新种和１新组合种。它们可分出两个沟鞭藻组合：Ｏｄｏｎｔｏｃｈｉｔｉｎａ ｏｐｅｒｃｕｌａｔａ－Ｍｕｄｅｒｏｎ－ｇｉａ ｔｅｌｔｒａｃａｎｔｈａ组合（下部）和Ｖｅｓｐｅｏｐｓｉｓ ｚｈａｏｄｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ组合（上部）;讨论沟鞭藻组合的特征及其地质时代,并与国际上有关地层进行对比,认为     

A reappraisal of the cainozoic dinoflagellate cyst “Hystrichosphaeridium” choanophorum deflandre et Cookson 1955

Palynological research on the Miocene Blue Clay of Malta and on Miocene sediments from the southwestern continental shelf of the United Kingdom has led to a reappraisal of the dinoflagellate cyst species “Hystrichosphaeridium” choanophorum Deflandre et Cookson 1955. A precingular archeopyle (Type P) is described for the cyst, which precludes its assignment to the cyst genus Hystrichosphaeridium Deflandre, and a paratabulation of pr, 4′, 6″, 0–6c, 6′″, 1p, 1″″ is demonstrated, from a process formula of pr, 4′, 6″, 0–6c, 5′″, 1p, 1″″. Considerable variation in the morphology of the distal tips of the processes is also noted and illustrated.     

伊朗卡尚地区古近纪介形类的发现

本文简要报道了发现于伊朗卡尚地区古近系的介形类,计16属6种、8比较种、9未定种及1亲近种。根据介形类化石组合面貌,并结合钙质超微、沟鞭藻和有孔虫化石组合,认为含介形类化石的地层时代为始新世至渐新世,推测其沉积环境为正常浅海大陆架环境,而且为温暖浅海内陆架。     

Lunnomidinium scaniense Lindström, gen. et sp. nov., a new suessiacean dinoflagellate cyst from the Rhaetian of Scania, southern Sweden

The dinoflagellate cyst Lunnomidinium scaniense gen. et sp. nov. is present in the lower part of a thin sequence of Rhaetian sedimentary rocks exposed in the Lunnom Coal and Clay Pit in NW Scania, southern Sweden. It occurs in diverse, Rhaetian palynomorph assemblages, dominated by spores and pollen, but with rare specimens of the dinoflagellate cysts Rhaetogonyaulax rhaetica (Sarjeant) Loeblich and Loeblich 1968, Shublikodinium sp. and Beaumontella? caminuspina (Wall) Below 1987. Lunnomidinium scaniense is characterized by an epicystal {tAtItP} archeopyle, a large number of paraplates arranged in seven or eight latitudinal series, and intratabular ornamentation in some but not all of the paraplate series. Thus, L. scaniense is assignable to the family Suessiaceae. Lunnomidinium scaniense can be subdivided into two different morphological varieties, based on the autophragm ornamentation and cyst size.     

THE DINOFLAGELLATE PELLICULAR WALL LAYER AND ITS OCCURRENCE IN THE DIVISION PYRRHOPHYTA1

Forty-five species of dinoflagellates were surveyed for the presence of a pellicular layer in the amphiesma or cell covering. Such a layer was found in 15 of the 20 genera studied. Half the pellicles tested were resistant to acetolysis and may contain a sporopollenin-like material similar to that of some dinoflagellate cyst walk. Most organisms which formed pellicles were capable of reinforcing this layer with cellulose. Pellicles of Heterocapsa niei (Loeblich) Morrill & Loeblich and Scrippsiella trochoidea (Stein) Loeblich were studied with the electron microscope. Evidence is presented indicating that dividing cells of S. trochoidea from new walls while still enclosed in the parental pellicular layer.     

THE CALCAREOUS RESTING CYST OF PENTAPHARSODINIUM TYRRHENICUM COMB. NOV. (DINOPHYCEAE)1

While investigating dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in surface sediments of the Gulfs of Naples and Salerno (Mediterranean Sea), we found a new calcareous resting cyst. This cyst has a round to oval body surrounded by a thick mineral layer, which gives it the shape of a Napoleon hat, with a flat, oval face bearing the archeopyle and a convex keel on the opposite side. The cyst shape is variable in both natural samples and clonal cultures. The organic membrane underlying the calcareous covering is resistant to acetolysis, thus demonstrating the presence of sporopolleninlike material. The cyst germinated into a motile stage having the same morphological features and thecal plate pattern as Peridinium tyrrhenicum Balech. We believe the validity of the genus Pentapharsodinium Indelicato & Loeblich should be accepted. Based on the comparative examination of the species we collected and of a similar species, Pentapharsodinium trachodium Indelicato & Loeblich, we propose Pentapharsodinium tyrrhenicum as a new combination for Peridinium tyrrhenicum. The genus Pentapharsodinium also includes P. dalei Indelicato & Loeblich (= Peridinium faeroense Dale), which produces spiny, organic-walled cysts. The presence of species forming calcareous cysts and species producing noncalcareous cysts in the same genus raises questions about maintaining the family Calciodinellaceae. This family should only include calcareous cyst-forming peridinioids, in order to maintain a unified system of classification of fossil and recent dinoflagellates.     

THE “HYSTRICHOSPHAERID” RESTING SPORE OF THE DINOFLAGELLATE PYRODINIUM BAHAMENSE,PLATF, 19062

Germination experiments demonstrate that the “hystrichosphere” called Hemicystodinium zoharyi, which previously has been found only as a microfossil organism, is the resting spore stage in the life history of Pyrodinium bahamense, a modern bioluminescent, thecate dinoflagellate. The morphology of this spore, together with new details of the thecal structure and ontogeny of P. bahamense, is described, and it is concluded that Pyrodinium is closely related to Gonyaulax but worthy of retention as a discrete genus. The geological history of P. bahamense is traceable to the Eocene through fossil occurrences of its spore, and it is suggested that additional pyrodinioid dinoflagellates which now are extinct were represented in Lower Tertiary seas by another hystrichosphere genus, called Homotryblium. Selected aspects of the physiology and ecology of modern dinoflagellate resting spores are discussed briefly with special reference to Pyrodinium.     

STEROL DISTRIBUTION IN THE GENUS HETEROCAPSA (PYRRHOPHYTA)1

The sterol composition of seven strains of marine peridinioid dinoflagellates comprising the four known species of Heterocapsa Stein was examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine the utility of these compounds in systematics. Cholest-5-en-3β-ol (cholesterol), 24-methyl-cholest-5-en-3β-ol (24-methylcholesterol), 4α,24(S)-dimethyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol (4,24-dimethylcholestanol), 4α,23,24(R)-trimethyl-5α-cholest-22-en-3β-ol (dinosterol), 4α,23ξ,24ξ-trimethyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol (dihydrodinosterol), and an unknown sterol were detected. Sterol composition does not vary significantly from species to species within the genus Heterocapsa and thus cannot be used for species differentiation. Sterols may, however, have value in defining the properties of dinoflagellate taxa above the family level. Over the course of the growth curve for Heterocapsa niei (Loeblich) Morrill & Loeblich 4,24-dimethylcholestanol and dinosterol covaried, suggesting that 4,24-dimethylcholestanol is converted into dinosterol by a previously proposed bioalkylation scheme.     

A survey for body scales in dinoflagellates and a revision of Cachonina and Heterocapsa (Pyrrhophyta)

Small organic scales 0.2 to 0.4 µm in diameter have beenobserved to form a layer on the surface of three species ofmarine dinoflagellates. Two of the species were originally describedas members of the genus Cachonina; the third is Heterocapsapygmaea Loeblich et al., 1981. The body scales are very similarto those previously described covering cells of Heterocapsatriquetra (Ehrenberg) Stein, 1883. These scales are freely shedfrom the cells of the above four species and can be found inthe culture medium; no scales were observed in the culture mediumof 35 other dinoflagellate species representing 18 genera and11 families. The complete thecal plate pattern of H. triquetra,type species of Heterocapsa, has been determined, and on thebasis of similarities in body scale morphology and thecal platetabulation, the genus Cachonina is placed in the synonomy ofHeterocapsa. Cachonina illdefina and C. niei are transferredto Heterocapsa.     

The stratigraphic distribution of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in the Cretaceous and Tertiary

All information concerning the stratigraphic distribution of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in the Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments of the world, published prior to 1974, has been critically assessed. Stratigraphically reliable records are presented in tabular form; stratigraphical subdivision to stage or formation is incorporated wherever possible. Records of doubtful authenticity are commented on and questions of stratigraphic and taxonomic interest are discussed in the text.A new family, Family Florentiniaceae nov. fam., is erected, and the following new taxonomic combinations are proposed: Astrocysta ampla (Harland, 1973) nov. comb.; Cooksoniella larjakense (Vozzhennikova, 1967) nov. comb.; ?Florentinia truncigera (Deflandre, 1937b) nov. comb.; Phthanoperidinium pannonium (Lentin and Williams, 1973) nov. comb.; Spiniferites scabrosus (Clarke and Verdier, 1967) nov. comb. and Veryhachium hermesinoides (O. Wetzel, 1940) nov. comb., the latter being now considered to be an acritarch.The rejection is proposed of the following species, which were nomenclaturally superfluous when published: Astrocysta koslowskii (Górka 1963) Davey, 1970; Gonyaulacysta fragosa Brideaux, 1971; Hystrichosphaeridium brideauxi Lentin and Williams, 1973; Oligosphaeridium diastema Singh, 1971 and Pseudoceratium regium Singh, 1971. Reasons are given for the rejection of the following generic reallocations: Hystrichodinium voigti (Alberti, 1961) Corradini, 1973 and Tenua anaphrissa (Sarjeant, 1966c) Benedek, 1972. Rhombodinium Gocht, 1955 is considered to be best treated as a subgenus of Wetzeliella Eisenack, 1938 emend. Williams and Downie, 1966b as originally proposed by Alberti, 1961.     

罗马尼亚Moesian地台Dabuleni地区H20钻井始新世沟鞭藻新种

罗马尼亚Dabuleni地区钻井岩芯的孢粉学研究揭露了一些丰富的微体浮游植物组合。根据孢粉学资料确定为始新世Bartonian-Priabonian期的地层产有丰富的沟鞭藻组合,包含Areosphaeridium dikryoplokus,Enneadocysta multicormuta,Batiacasphaera compta,Deflandrea phosphoritica.D.leplodermata,Hystrichokolpoma cinctum,Impagidinium maculatum.I.sp.,Palaeocystodinium golzowense,Rhombodinium rhomboideum,Samlandia chlamydophora,Spiniferites ramosus,Thalassiphora pelagica 和Wilsonidium compactum等。文中描述Bartonian-Proabonian期的沟鞭藻-新届两新种：Chateauneufacysta moesica gen.et sp.nov.和Rhombodinium antonescui sp.nov.