IgE免疫应答的调节

自从发现IgE抗体就是速发型过敏反应性疾病的介导物质以后,对这种抗体的生理、生化性质进行了大量的研究。特别是最近几年来有关IgE抗体应答调节的研究进展迅速,从而为最终解决由IgE抗体介导的过敏性疾病的治疗问题提供了必不可少的知识。本文拟就变应原的性质,IgE抗体应答中独特型网络的调节,T-B细胞的相互作用,以及可溶性因子参     

Construction of normal human IgE phage antibody library and the screening of the anti—trichosanthin IgE

Allergen specific IgE response is the major cause of immediate hypersensitivity.However the number of IgEproducing B cells and the amount of IgE,especially the specific IgE,are so low,it greatly impedes the study of the allergic-specifc antibody responses.Here we report the construction of a normal human IgE combinatorial library.The repertoire of IgE VH genes and of κ genes were separately amplified from normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes through RT-PCR,and were then constructed to form the phage surface display human Fab(IgEVH) library.A plant protein allergen,trichosanthin(TCS),was used to affinity-enrich and to screen the anti-TCS phage HuFab clones from the library.Human IgE(Fab) to TCS were detected.     

支气管哮喘患者IgE水平与家族史相关

本文通过59例外源性支气管哮喘患者（以下简称哮喘）与36例健康对照者的家系调查及血清总IgE、特异性IgE阳性率的测定,发现哮喘组的血清总IgE平均值(714.0u/ml) 明显高于对照组(275.1u/ml),血清总IgE超常例数百分率（61.0%）也明显高于对照组（8.3%）,证明IgE参与了哮喘的发病。哮喘组阳性家族史患者与鹰性家族史患者比较,发现前者血清总IgE平均值（921.9u/ml）明显高于后者(410.6u/ml),血清总IgE超常例数百分率也是前者(80.0%)高于后者(33.3%);特异性IgE阳性率（前者为62.9%,后者为29.2%）也具有同样特点。数据表明血清总IgE及特异性IgE与哮喘的遗传与发病相关。血清总IgE升高与特异性IgE阳性呈不一致分布提示两者可能有不同的遗传调节方式。     

重组人IgE Fc的制备及抗过敏应用

[目的]考察重组人Ig E Fc的抗过敏反应作用。[方法]建立阴离子交换和疏水层析为主的分离纯化工艺,从CHO细胞培养的上清中获得重组人Ig E Fc样品;利用流式细胞法测定重组人Ig E Fc与表达人FcεRIα的CHO3D10细胞的亲和力;利用表达人FcεRIαEG-RBL2H3的细胞评价重组人Ig E Fc对细胞活化的抑制;在猴体上考察重组人Ig E Fc阻止被动皮肤过敏反应的作用。[结果]制备的重组人Ig E Fc的纯度达到98%;重组人Ig E Fc与CHO3D10细胞的亲和常数为1.40×109(mmol/L)-1是人Ig E的5倍;重组人Ig E Fc的剂量为NP-Ig E的5或6倍时可完全抑制体外细胞活化和体内过敏反应。[结论]重组人Ig E Fc可以抑制Ig E介导的过敏反应,具有新型抗过敏药物开发的前景。     

与人IgE调节有关的一对新的表面分子

在寻找治疗变态反应性疾病新方法的尝试中,控制IgE产生的分子是热门的研究主题。一种候补者,CD23分子,即低亲合力IgE受体,最近签定出能与另一种称为CD21的分子相互作用,参入调节IgE的产生。     

IgE介导牛乳蛋白过敏婴幼儿肠道菌群改变初探

目的 应用高通量测序技术探讨IgE介导的牛乳蛋白过敏(cow′s milk protein allergy, CMA)婴幼儿肠道菌群结构和组成的变化。方法 回顾性分析2012年6月-2013年6月入组食物过敏患儿,选择出IgE介导的CMA(IgE-CMA)患儿4例,非IgE介导的CMA(non-IgE-CMA)患儿4例,采集粪便样本进行454焦磷酸测序分析,血清样本进行细胞因子检测。结果 与non-IgE-CMA患儿相比较,IgE-CMA患儿肠道菌群多样性Shannon指数(t=-2.996,P=0.010)和Simpson指数(t=-1.786,P=0.036)显著改变,菌群多样性下降,菌群丰富度指数ACE(t=0.406,P=0.021)显著升高。β-多样性PCA分析可显著区分两组,提示IgE-CMA患儿肠道菌群发生显著改变。LEfSe组成差异分析发现肠道菌群中硬壁菌门和拟杆菌门的改变与CMA的不同表型无关,IgE-CMA婴儿中链球菌、肠球菌、鞘氨醇单胞菌、双歧杆菌、罗思氏菌属、红球菌和梭菌属第Ⅺ簇等减少,而厌氧杆菌和狭义梭菌属增加,可用于鉴别诊断CMA表型。结论 IgE可决定CM...     

ABC-ELISA法检测牛乳过敏小鼠模型中的特异性IgE

目的:建立并优化一种有效检测特异性IgE的方法,以取代皮内试验快速诊断过敏症。方法:用乳清蛋白皮下注射BALB/c小鼠建立牛奶过敏模型,获得小鼠抗血清进行方法学研究。结果:乳清蛋白的最适包被量为500ng,用pH9.4的碳酸盐缓冲液作为包被液,4℃包被过夜效果最佳,选用0.2%的白明胶/1%的BSA封闭效果最好,生物素化抗鼠IgE抗体的最佳反应浓度为1∶1000。结论:建立了检测特异性IgE的生物素-亲和素系统改良的ABC-ELISA法,该法特异、灵敏、安全、简便,可用于临床诊断过敏症。     

BCIgEPRED—a Dual-Layer Approach for Predicting Linear IgE Epitopes

Allergy is a common health problem worldwide, especially food allergy. Since B cell epitopes that are recognized by the IgE antibodies act as antigenic determinants for allergy, they play a vital role in diagnostics. Hence, knowledge of an IgE binding epitope in a protein is of particular interest for identifying allergenic proteins. Though IgE epitopes may be conformational or linear, identification of the later is useful especially in food allergens that undergo processing or digestion. Very few computational tools are available for the prediction of linear IgE epitopes. Here we report a prediction system that predicts the exact linear IgE epitope. Since our earlier study on linear B-cell epitope prediction demonstrated the effectiveness of using an exact epitope dataset (in contrast to epitope containing region datasets), the dataset in this study uses only experimentally verified exact IgE, IgG, IgM and IgA epitopes. Models for Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) were constructed adopting Dipeptide Deviation from the Expected mean (DDE) feature vector. Extensive validation procedures including five-fold cross validation and two different independent dataset tests have been performed to validate the proposed method, which achieved a balanced accuracy ranging from 74 to 78% with area under receiver operator curve greater than 0.8. Performance of the proposed method was observed to be better (accuracy difference of 16–28%) in comparison to the existing available method. The proposed method is developed as a standalone tool that could be used for predicting IgE epitopes as well as to be incorporated into any allergen prediction toolhttps://github.com/brsaran/BCIgePred.     

IgE介导的肥大细胞脱颗粒信号转导途径的研究进展

肥大细胞(mast cell,MC)是过敏性疾病的关键细胞之一.机体的过敏反应很大程度依赖于肥大细胞膜上的特异性受体FcεRI.肥大细胞膜上交联的FcεRI引发了下游的一系列信号事件并导致脱颗粒,包括细胞因子及趋化因子产生以及白三烯的释放.由于IgE在过敏反应中的重要作用,现在的研究主要集中在FcεRI下游的信号事件.其脱颗粒的分子机制是一个由多种蛋白质分子介导的,各个环节受到精确调控的复杂过程.对肥大细胞脱颗粒分子机制的深入研究将给过敏性疾病提供一个新的治疗方案.     

IgE Production to α-Gal Is Accompanied by Elevated Levels of Specific IgG1 Antibodies and Low Amounts of IgE to Blood Group B

IgE antibodies to gal-α-1,3-gal-β-1,4-GlcNAc (α-gal) can mediate a novel form of delayed anaphylaxis to red meat. Although IgG antibodies to α-gal (anti-α-gal or anti-Gal) are widely expressed in humans, IgE anti-α-gal is not. We explored the relationship between the IgG and IgE responses to both α-gal and the related blood group B antigen. Contradicting previous reports, antibodies to α-gal were found to be significantly less abundant in individuals with blood group B or AB. Importantly, we established a connection between IgE and IgG responses to α-gal: elevated titers of IgG anti-α-gal were found in IgE-positive subjects. In particular, proportionally more IgG1 anti-α-gal was found in IgE-positive subjects against a background of IgG2 production specific for α-gal. Thus, two types of immune response to α-gal epitopes can be distinguished: a ‘typical’ IgG2 response, presumably in response to gut bacteria, and an ‘atypical’, Th2-like response leading to IgG1 and IgE in addition to IgG2. These results suggest that IgE to a carbohydrate antigen can be formed (probably as part of a glycoprotein or glycolipid) even against a background of bacterial immune stimulation with essentially the same antigen.     

The Antigenic Properties of β-Lactoglobulin Examined with Mouse IgE Antibody

The effects of enzymic or chemical fragmentations and of chemical modifications on the antigenic properties of bovine β-Mactoglobulin were examined using specific mouse IgE antibody. The antigenic reactivity of β-Mactoglobulin derivatives was represented in terms of their ability to neutralize specific IgE antibodies assayed by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rat. The tryptic, chymotryptic or peptic hydrolysate free of native β-Mactoglobulin had no antigenic reactivity but the fragments obtained after CNBr cleavage retained the ability to bind the antibody. Modification of the sulfhydryl group, arginine or tryptophan residues and amino groups had no effect on antigenic reactivity but a little decrease in the reactivity was observed on the cleavage of the two disulfide bridges. These results suggest that one sulfhydryl group, two arginine and tryptophan residues and most of the amino groups are out of antigenic sites in β-Mactoglobulin and that the antigenicity depends on the conformation maintained by the disulfide bridges.     

HFRS患者特异性IgA,IgE抗体及其免疫复合物测定

为进一步研究ＨＦＲＳ免疫损伤机制,用ＥＬＩＳＡ法同步测定了１０８例不同临床型、不同病日、病期ＨＦＲＳ患者血清中特异性ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＥ抗体以及ＨＦＲＳ病毒特异性ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＥ型ＣＩＣ的水平及检出率。发现ＨＦＲＳＩｇＡ型抗体在轻型病例高于中、重型病例;ＨＦＲＳＩｇＥ型抗体及ＩｇＥ型ＣＩＣ在重型病例高于中、轻型病例。上述差异在病程早期（发热、休克少尿期,或是３～８病日）尤为突出。ＩｇＡ型ＣＩＣ则未见到上述差异。     

抗天花粉蛋白IgE单抗的抗独特型抗体及其鉴定

为了研究抗独特型抗体对天花粉蛋白特异的IgE反应的调节作用,建立了分泌针对天花粉蛋白的IgE单抗的独特型决定簇的大鼠-小鼠异种杂交瘤细胞株(6 C_5)。以分泌抗天花粉蛋白IgE单抗的小鼠淋巴细胞杂交瘤细胞株(TE—1)诱生的腹水,通过免疫亲和层析,分离得到TE-1单抗免疫Wistar大鼠。将免疫大鼠脾细胞与小鼠骨髓细胞(NS-1)进行异种间细胞融合,通过严格的筛选和克隆化,最终得到3侏生长稳定、连续分泌抗体的异种杂交瘤细胞株(6 C_5、3 E_3和8 G_6),并能顺利地经受冰冻保种和复苏。用间接ELISA法对所获得的单抗进行鉴定,即比较三个单抗对下列包被抗原的反应性,其中包括TE-1(天花粉蛋白特异的IgE单抗)、3A 12(天花粉蛋白特异的IgA单抗)、ADNP和142(抗DNP IgE单抗,来自两个不同的杂交瘤株),以及M Ig(正常小鼠血清Ig)。结果表明6C_5单抗只与TE-1呈阳性反应,对其余各种包被抗原的反应均呈阴性,说明杂交瘤株6C_5具有抗TE-1单抗独特型决定簇的特异性,实验经多次重复,因此可以结论,成功地建立了一株能分泌抗独特型抗体的异种淋巴细胞杂交瘤株。此外,8G_6与所有包被抗原均呈强阳性,说明它具有抗各类小鼠Ig共同决定簇的特异性。3 E_3的特异性尚未最终确定。在方法学上的改进包括细胞融合时所用的HAT选择培液中的次黄嘌呤和胸腺嘧啶核苷的剂量较常量加倍,而氨基喋呤的剂量较常量减半。并且缩短在HAT培液中和HT培液中培养时间。这些可能为杂种淋巴细胞杂交瘤株的建立提供了有利条件。为了保证ELISA检测的特异性,作包被抗原的TE-1单抗与免疫大鼠用的TE-1单抗的来源不同,它来自无血清培养液培养的TE-1的上清液。同时,间接ELISA法所采用的酶联第二抗体(兔抗大鼠Ig),通过小鼠Ig的吸收等,证明其与小鼠Ig无交叉反应后才使用。     

HFRS患者特异性IgA、IgE抗体及其免疫复合物测定

为进一步研究HFRS免疫损伤机制,用ELISA法同步测定了108例不同临床型、不同病日、病期HFRS患者血清中特异性IgA、IgE抗体以及HFRS病毒特异性IgA、IgE型CIC的水平及检出率.发现HFRS-IgA型抗体在轻型病例高于中、重型病例;HFRS-IgE型抗体及IgE型CIC在重型病例高于中、轻型病例.上述差异在病程早期(发热、休克少尿期,或是3～8病日)尤为突出.IgA型CIC则未见到上述差异.     

Does IgE bind to and activate eosinophils from patients with allergy?

Human eosinophils have been reported to express both the mRNA and protein for the high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI); it is speculated that this receptor plays a role in eosinophil mediator release in allergic diseases. However, questions still remain. How much of the FcepsilonRI protein is actually expressed on the cell surface of the eosinophil? If they are present, are these IgE receptors associated with effector functions of eosinophils? To address these issues, we studied blood eosinophils from patients with ragweed hay fever. A high level of low affinity IgG receptor (FcgammaRII, CD32), but no expression of FcepsilonRI, was detectable on the eosinophil surface by standard FACS analysis. However, after in vitro sensitization with biotinylated chimeric IgE (cIgE), cell-bound cIgE was detected by PE-conjugated streptavidin. This cIgE binding was partially inhibited by anti-FcepsilonRI mAb, suggesting that eosinophils do express minimal amounts of FcepsilonRI detectable only by a sensitive method. Indeed, FACS analysis of whole blood showed that eosinophils express approximately 0.5% of the FcepsilonRI that basophils express. When stimulated with human IgE or anti-human IgE, these eosinophils did not exert effector functions; there was neither production of leukotriene C4 or superoxide anion nor any detectable degranulation response. In contrast, eosinophils possessed membrane-bound human IgG and showed functional responses when stimulated with human IgG or anti-human IgG. Thus, IgG and/or cytokines, such as IL-5, appear to be more important for eosinophil activation in allergic diseases than IgE.     

IL-10对哮喘小鼠血清IL-5和IgE的影响

目的:探讨IL-10治疗对哮喘鼠血清IL-5及IgE水平的影响.方法:制备20只小鼠哮喘模型,随机分为治疗组、哮喘组,前者使用IL-10治疗,后者未予治疗,用ELISA双抗体夹心法测定治疗组和哮喘组血清IL-5和IgE的水平.以10只健康小鼠为对照组.结果:与对照组比较,哮喘组IL-5和IgE水平较高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);经IL-10治疗后,治疗组的血清IL-5、IgE的水平明显低于哮喘组水平,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组治疗后IL-5和和IgE检测值与正常组水平差异无统计学意义(p＞0.05).结论:IL-10能够降低哮喘小鼠血清的IL-5和IgE水平.     

Spying on IgE receptor signaling: simply complex,or not?

Plasma membrane organization and the potential role, or not, of lipid raft microdomains in signal transduction is a controversial topic. Cross-correlation fluorescent correlation spectroscopy (CC-FCS) shows promise as a new approach to rapidly probe protein-protein interactions in living cells during signal transduction. CC-FCS data from studies of IgE receptor signaling challenge models of large stable lipid raft signaling domains and reveal a new complexity in the dynamic (re)organization of signaling complexes.