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1.
Andrea Polle Lars O. Baumbusch Christa Oschinski Monika Eiblmeier Vivian Kuhlenkamp Birgit Vollrath Florian Scholz Heinz Rennenberg 《Oecologia》1999,121(2):149-156
Clones of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) were grown for several years on an altitudinal gradient (1750 m, 1150 m and 800 m above sea level) to study the effects
of environmental × genetic interactions on growth and foliar metabolites (protein, pigments, antioxidants). Clones at the
tree line showed 4.3-fold lower growth rates and contained 60% less chlorophyll (per gram of dry matter) than those at valley
level. The extent of growth reduction was clone-dependent. The mortality of the clones was low and not altitude-dependent.
At valley level, but not at high altitude, needles of mature spruce trees showed lower pigment and protein concentrations
than clones. In general, antioxidative systems in needles of the mature trees and young clones did not increase with increasing
altitude. Needles of all trees at high altitude showed higher concentrations of dehydroascorbate than at lower altitudes,
indicating higher oxidative stress. In one clone, previously identified as sensitive to acute ozone doses, this increase was
significantly higher and the growth reduction was stronger than in the other genotypes. This clone also displayed a significant
reduction in glutathione reductase activity at high altitude. These results suggest that induction of antioxidative systems
is apparently not a general prerequisite to cope with altitude in clones whose mother plants originated from higher altitudes
(about 650–1100 m above sea level, Hercycnic-Carpathian distribution area), but that the genetic constitution for maintenance
of high antioxidative protection is important for stress compensation at the tree line.
Received: 13 October 1998 / Accepted: 22 June 1999 相似文献
2.
On the Factors Which Determine Massive beta-Carotene Accumulation in the Halotolerant Alga Dunaliella bardawil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dunaliella bardawil, a β-carotene-accumulating halotolerant alga, has been analyzed for the effect of various growth conditions on its pigment content, and compared with Dunaliella salina, a β-carotene nonaccumulating species. In D. bardawil, increasing light intensity and light period or inhibiting growth by various stress conditions such as nutrient deficiency or high salt concentration caused a decrease in the content of chlorophyll per cell and an increase in the amount of β-carotene per cell. As a result, the β-carotene-to-chlorophyll ratio increased from about 0.4 to 13 grams per gram and the alga changed its visual appearance from green to deep orange. D. salina grown similarly decreased in content of both chlorophyll and β-carotene per cell and the culture turned from green to yellowish. Low chlorophyll-containing cells of D. bardawil or D. salina exhibit very high photosynthetic rates when expressed on a chlorophyll basis (~600 micromoles O2 evolved per milligram chlorophyll per hour).
Variation of pigment content in D. bardawil by a large variety of environmental agents has been correlated with the integral irradiance received by the algal culture during a division cycle. The higher the integral irradiance per division cycle, the lower the chlorophyll content per cell; the higher the β-carotene content per cell, and therefore the higher the β-carotene-to-chlorophyll ratio. The results are interpreted as indicating a protecting effect of β-carotene against injury by high irradiance under conditions of impairment in chlorophyll content per cell.
相似文献3.
Riikka Piispanen Stefan Willför Pekka Saranpää Bjarne Holmbom 《Trees - Structure and Function》2008,22(3):317-328
Lignan concentrations in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) knotwood were studied in two long-term nitrogen fertilised experimental sites: a boreal site (66°5′N, 27°07′E)
close to the Arctic tree line in northern Finland and a boreal site (61°10′N, 26°03′E) in southern Finland. Altogether 20
mature trees, representing five different size classes, were felled in the autumn 2002 and knots of the largest and smallest
diameter in each whorl at the height of 4 m were analysed. Within-stem variation of knotwood lignans was studied at the 4 m
intervals from stump height to the top from five control trees in the southern site. The following knotwood lignans were identified
with GC-MS: hydroxymatairesinol (two isomers), secoisolariciresinol, α-conidendrin, α-conidendric acid, isohydroxymatairesinol,
lariciresinol, lignan A, matairesinol, nortrachelogenin, todolactol A and isoliovil. The predominant lignan in Norway spruce
knotwood was hydroxymatairesinol comprising approximately 77% of the total concentration of lignans. In mature trees in the
southern site, the lignan concentrations were highest close to the starting point of the living branches. In the northern
site, the total concentration of knotwood lignans was significantly higher (approximately 14% of the dry mass) than in the
southern site (approximately 5.4% of the dry mass). In the northern site in control trees, a negative linear correlation was
detected between branch diameter and hydroxymatairesinol concentration, but the similar correlation was not detected in fertilised
trees or in the trees of the southern site. The possible reasons for higher hydroxymatairesinol concentrations in the northern
knots were discussed. 相似文献
4.
Tissue-specific accumulation of carotenoids in carrot roots 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Raman spectroscopy can be used for sensitive detection of carotenoids in living tissue and Raman mapping provides further information about their spatial distribution in the measured plant sample. In this work, the relative content and distribution of the main carrot (Daucus carota L.) root carotenoids, α-, β-carotene, lutein and lycopene were assessed using near-infrared Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy. The pigments were measured simultaneously in situ in root sections without any preliminary sample preparation. The Raman spectra obtained from carrots of different origin and root colour had intensive bands of carotenoids that could be assigned to β-carotene (1,520 cm−1), lycopene (1,510 cm−1) and α-carotene/lutein (1,527 cm−1). The Raman mapping technique revealed detailed information regarding the relative content and distribution of these carotenoids. The level of β-carotene was heterogeneous across root sections of orange, yellow, red and purple roots, and in the secondary phloem increased gradually from periderm towards the core, but declined fast in cells close to the vascular cambium. α-carotene/lutein were deposited in younger cells with a higher rate than β-carotene while lycopene in red carrots accumulated throughout the whole secondary phloem at the same level. The results indicate developmental regulation of carotenoid genes in carrot root and that Raman spectroscopy can supply essential information on carotenogenesis useful for molecular investigations on gene expression and regulation. 相似文献
5.
D. M. THOMAS T. W. GOODWIN † JOHN F. RYLEY 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1967,14(4):654-657
SYNOPSIS. The pigments synthesized by Astasia ocellata include α- and ε-carotene, 4-keto-β-carotene (echinenone), and 4,4'-diketo-β-carotene (canthaxanthin); 4-keto-α-carotene, accounting for about half the pigment in the cells, was tentatively identified; a strongly adsorbed keto-carotenoid, accounting for 25% of the pigments and bearing some similarities to astacin, polytomaxanthin and phoenicoxanthin, was also found. 相似文献
6.
We compared phytoplankton and phytobenthos pigment strategies in 17 shallow lakes and ponds from northern Canada and Alaska,
sampled during mid to late summer. Benthic chlorophyll a concentrations (8–261 mg m−2) greatly exceeded those of the phytoplankton (0.008–1.4 mg m−2) in all sites. Cyanobacteria dominated the phytobenthos, while green algae and fucoxanthin-groups characterized the plankton.
Both communities had higher photoprotection in cold, UV-transparent, high latitude waters. Phytoplankton had higher concentrations
of photoprotective carotenoids per unit chlorophyll a than the phytobenthos. The planktonic photoprotective pigments were positively correlated with UV-penetration, and inversely
correlated with temperature and coloured dissolved organic matter. A partial redundancy analysis showed that the benthic pigments
were related to latitude, area and temperature. The UV-screening compound scytonemin occurred in high concentrations in the
phytobenthos and was inversely related to temperature, while benthic carotenoids per unit chlorophyll a showed much lower variability among sites. These differing pigment strategies imply divergent responses to environmental
change between the phytobenthos and phytoplankton in high latitude lakes. 相似文献
7.
Understanding the natural variability of photosynthetic pigment ranges and distributions in healthy corals is central to evaluating
how useful these measurements are for assessing the health and bleaching status of endosymbiotic reef-building corals. This
study examined the photosynthetic pigment variability in visibly healthy Porites lobata and Porites lutea corals from Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii and explored whether pigment variability was related to the genetic identity or phenotypic
characteristics of the symbionts. Concentrations of the photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, peridinin, chlorophyll c
2
, diadinoxanthin, diatoxanthin, β,β-carotene and dinoxanthin were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC). Pigment concentrations were found to range 1.5–10 fold in colonies of each species at similar depths (0–2, 2–4, 10–15
and 19–21 m). Despite the high pigment variability, pigment ratios for each species were relatively conserved over the 0–21 m
depth gradient. The genetic identity of the symbiont communities was examined for each colony using 18S nuclear ribosomal
DNA (nrDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphisms. All colonies contained symbionts belonging to clade C. The density
and phenotypic characteristics of the symbionts were explored using flow cytometry, and fluorescence and side scatter (cell
size) properties revealed phenotypically distinct symbiont subpopulations in every colony. The symbiont subpopulations displayed
pigment trends that may be driven by acclimatization to irradiance microenvironments within the host. These results highlight
the biological complexity of healthy coral–symbiont associations and the need for future research on pigments and symbiont
subpopulation dynamics. 相似文献
8.
Summary In a forest decline area (Fichtelgebirge, N.E. Bavaria, FRG), annual time courses of chloroplast pigments in both healthy and chlorotic Norway spruce were studied. The seasonal time courses of green and apparently healthy trees did not generally differ from those reported in the literature for spruce trees of other regions. Chlorophyll content increased from May to October, remained relatively constant or declined slightly during the fall and early winter, and finally decreased markedly from March to early May when pigment is at its minimum before bud break. The annual maximal chlorophyll content increased with needle age from the current year's needles to 4-yearold needles. While carotene content reached its highest concentration in August, the xanthophylls did not peak until February or March. Pigment dynamics of chlorotic trees with lower concentrations, corresponded to those of undamaged trees. Chlorophyll deficits resulted from less pigment formation as well as pigment loss during the growing period. Even when the content of total chlorophyll was low, the ratio of chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b remained almost unchanged. In conjunction with the chlorophyll reductions, a decrease in the chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio and an increase in the xanthophyll/carotene ratio occurred. The periods of needle-chlorophyll reduction did not correlate with those periods of highest concentrations of atmospheric sulphur dioxide, the main air pollutant at the stand. However, chlorophyll formation ceased in the older needle age classes of chlorotic trees when the new flush was sprouting, indicating that nutritional deficiencies affect needle yellowing more than possible direct needle damage by air pollutants. 相似文献
9.
S. Takaichi Zheng-Yu Wang Mitsuo Umetsu Tsunenori Nozawa Keizo Shimada Michael T. Madigan 《Archives of microbiology》1997,168(4):270-276
The complete carotenoid composition of the thermophilic green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium tepidum strain TNO was determined by spectroscopic methods. Major carotenoids were four kinds of carotenes: γ-carotene, chlorobactene,
and their 1′,2′-dihydro derivatives (1′,2′-dihydro-γ-carotene and 1′,2′-dihydrochlorobactene). In lesser amounts, hydroxyl
γ-carotene, hydroxyl chlorobactene, and their glucoside fatty acid esters were found. The only esterified fatty acid present
was laurate, and OH-chlorobactene glucoside laurate is a novel carotenoid. In other strains of C. tepidum, the same carotenoids were found, but the composition varied from strain to strain. The overall pigment composition in cells
of strain TNO was 4 mol carotenoids and 40 mol bacteriochlorophyll c per mol bacteriochlorophyll a. The effects of nicotine on carotenoid biosynthesis in C. tepidum differed from those in the thermophilic green nonsulfur bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus.
Received: 3 February 1997 / Accepted: 6 June 1997 相似文献
10.
Ami Ben-Amotz 《Journal of phycology》1996,32(2):272-275
Dunaliella bardawil Ben-Amotz & Avron, a β-carotene-accumulating halotolerant alga, was analyzed for the effect of growth temperatures on its pigment content and on the stereoisomeric composition of β-carotene by the use of advanced liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection. Decreasing culture temperature from 30° to 10°C increased the β-carotene content twofold and the ratio of 9-cis to all-trans β-carotene fourfold, with no significant changes in the other cell pigments. The variation of total β-carotene content by temperature was correlated with the integral irradiance received by the algal culture during a cell division cycle, whereas the 9-cis stereoisomer increased over the amount expected by that integration. The massive accumulation of 9-cisβ-carotene within the β-carotene globules is interpreted as indicating that the oily 9-cis stereoisomer protects against the crystallization of all-trans β-carotene at low temperatures. 相似文献
11.
Concentrations of N, P and K were measured in floodwater and in floating rice cultivars growing at up to 2m water depths in
the central flood plain of Thailand. Concentrations of N, P and K in floodwater were often higher than those reported for
oligotrophic lakes, nevertheless the floodwater contained 4–45 times less K and 15–90 times less N than concentrations reported
in most soil solutions. P concentrations were similar in the floodwater and in most soil solutions.
Concentrations of nutrients in leaves indicated there may be deficiencies of P at two sites and a deficiency of N at one of
two sites. Data are discussed in terms of reduced nutrient uptake in rice fields at low O2 concentrations which have recently been measured in these areas. 相似文献
12.
Coordinated variation has been reported for leaf structure, composition and function, across and within species, and theoretically
should occur across populations of a species that span an extensive environmental range. We focused on Hawaiian keystone tree
species Metrosideros polymorpha, specifically, 13-year old trees grown (2–4 m tall) in a common garden (approximately 1 ha field with 2–3 m between trees)
from seeds collected from 14 populations along an altitude–soil age gradient. We determined the genetic component of relationships
among specific leaf area (SLA), the concentrations of nitrogen (N) and pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids, and anthocyanins),
and photosynthetic light-use efficiency. These traits showed strong ecotypic variation; SLA declined 35% with increasing source
elevation, and area-based concentrations of N, Chl a + b and Car increased by 50, 109 and 96%, respectively. Concentrations expressed on a mass basis were not well related to source
elevation. Pigment ratios expressed covariation that suggested an increased capacity for light harvesting at higher source
elevation; Chl/N and Car/Chl increased with source elevation, whereas Chl a/b declined; Chl a/b was higher for populations on younger soil, suggesting optimization for low N supply. Parallel trends were found for the
photosynthetic reactions; light-saturated quantum yield of photosystem II (Φ
PSII) and electron transport rate (ETR) increased with source elevation. Correlations of the concentrations of photosynthetic
pigments, pigment ratios, and photosynthetic function across the ecotypes indicated a stoichiometric coordination of the components
of the light-harvesting antennae and reaction centers. The constellation of coordinated morphological, biochemical and physiological
properties was expressed in the leaf reflectance and transmittance properties in the visible and near-infrared wavelength
region (400–950 nm), providing an integrated metric of leaf status among and between plant phenotypes. 相似文献
13.
Anders Ericsson Lars-Gösta Nordén Torgny Näsholm Mats Walheim 《Trees - Structure and Function》1993,8(2):67-74
Summary This study evaluated the utility of free arginine concentrations as a possible alternative to mineral nutrient concentrations as an indicator of mineral nutrient imbalances in Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. The concentrations of mineral nutrients and arginine were measured in the needles of spruce trees from two areas in Sweden, one with high (15–30 kg ha–1 year–1) airborne N deposition, and one with lower (1–4 kg ha–1 year–1) deposition. The spruce needles from the area with high deposition in southern Sweden had elevated concentrations of free arginine, especially on peat sites. No increase in concentrations was found in the low deposition area in northern Sweden. The arginine concentrations on different sampling occasions were consistent for each site and for individual trees. Trees on peat sites in the south seemed to suffer from P deficiency in relation to N availability. A tendency for K deficiency in needles from peat sites was also found. Needles from trees on mor plots showed acceptable levels of these nutrient elements. Sites in the northern area showed low N concentrations, but the ratios between the different mineral elements analyzed in this study and N were within ranges normally found. A low P/N ratio correlated to high free arginine concentration. The threshold for elevated arginine concentrations is crossed when P/N ratios drop below 0.07–0.08. A tendency for increased arginine levels when ratios between N and the other mineral elements are low was also found, although it was not as strong as that for the P/N ratio. The results are discussed in relation to mineral nutrient imbalances in spruce stands caused by airborne deposition. 相似文献
14.
Tobler L. Bucher J. Furrer V. Schleppi P. Wyttenbach A. 《Biological trace element research》1994,(1):195-205
The endogenous concentrations of Rb and Cs have been determined in needles of 56 trees (Norway spruce,Picea abies) from eight different sites. Analysis was done by instrumental neutron activation. Concentrations were found to have a very
large range (3-28,000 ng Cs/g and 1–190 μg Rb/g). The values on a given site have a tendency toward a log-normal distribution.
There is a significant correlation between Rb and Cs, but the correlation is not linear. The concentrations of both elements
are a function of the needle age. They decrease smoothly, approaching a constant value, when going from needle age class 1
to 5. It is shown that one algebraic function describes this biodynamic behavior on all sites and at all concentration levels.
The function and its parameters are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Growth and pigment composition in the red alga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Halymenia floresii</Emphasis> cultured under different light qualities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
José Luis Godínez-Ortega Pauli Snoeijs Daniel Robledo Yolanda Freile-Pelegrín Marianne Pedersén 《Journal of applied phycology》2008,20(3):253-260
Halymenia floresii is an edible species consumed in some Asian markets. In the Yucatan peninsula coast of Mexico, H. floresii dominates rocky substrata between 3 and 40 m where it grows up to 50 cm high. After analyzing the seasonal pattern of pigment
content on H. floresii, we evaluate if and how the spectral composition of light affects growth and pigment dynamics under laboratory cultivation.
Unialgal cultures were exposed to white, blue, red and green light in a 3-week experiment. Green light resulted in the highest
algal growth rates. Synthesis of chlorophyll a, α-carotene and lutein, but not of β-carotene, was induced by white or green light. Phycocyanin synthesis was stimulated by blue light and phycoerythrin synthesis
by blue or red light. Light quality treatments may be used to manipulate pigment composition in Halymenia floresii cultures. 相似文献
16.
Summary High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis of algal pigments from inter- and subtidal (deep and shallow) sediments from the Kerguelen Islands showed clear differences in the pigment composition at the different stations. High concentrations of chlorophyll c and fucoxanthin were present at all locations, indicating significant diatom densities, chlorophyll b was detected at all sites. At one station the other green algal pigments were also present; here green algae contributed more to chlorophyll a concentrations than diatoms, as estimated by using pigment ratios and microscopic observations. At another location chlorophyll b was associated with a high concentration of diadinoxanthin, indicating an abundance of euglenoids. This indicates that chemotaxonomy can be powerful tool in microphytobenthos studies since enumeration of living cells are difficult as many algae are attached to sediment particles (epipsammic algae). Ways of diagenesis, carotenoid degradation and the role of grazing are briefly mentioned. Phaeophorbide a-like pigments were the most significant chlorophyll a degradation products, with concentrations up to 110 g · g–1 dry weight sediment, i.e. 10 times the chlorophyll a concentration. Some taxonomic estimations, based on pigments ratios, and their limits, are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Fungi produce and accumulate various carotenoids. Mycelia of the ZygomyceteBlakeslea trispora contained β-carotene and its precursors γ-carotene and lycopene. When strains of opposite sex grew together, the β-carotene
concentration increased fourfold, that of γ-carotene remained unchanged, and other intermediates practically disappeared.
The inhibitors nicotine, 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)-triethylamine, α-picoline, and imidazole increased the concentrations of lycopene
and γ-carotene and decreased those of β-carotene. From our quantitative results, we conclude thatBlakeslea has two pathways for lycopene metabolism, of which other fungi have only one or the other. The main one, two cyclizations
from lycopene to β-carotene, is carried out by an enzyme dimer, is stimulated by sexual interaction, and is sensitive to the
inhibitors. The other pathway, a cyclization to γ-carotene is not affected by mating or the inhibitors. 相似文献
18.
Michael Nahm Andreas Matzarakis Heinz Rennenberg Arthur Geßler 《Trees - Structure and Function》2007,21(1):79-92
During the growing season of the exceptionally dry and warm year 2003, we assessed seasonal changes in nitrogen, carbon and
water balance related parameters of mature naturally grown European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) along a North–South transect in Europe that included a beech forest stand in central Germany, two in southern Germany
and one in southern France. Indicators for N balance assessed at all four sites were foliar N contents and total soluble non-protein
nitrogen compounds (TSNN) in xylem sap, leaves and phloem exudates; C and water balance related parameters determined were
foliar C contents, δ13C and δ18O signatures. Tissue sampling was performed in May, July and September. The N related parameters displayed seasonal courses
with highest concentrations during N remobilization in May. Decreased total foliar N contents as well as higher C/N ratios
in the stands in central Germany and southern France compared to the other study sites point to an impaired N nutrition status
due to lower soil N contents and precipitation perception. TSNN concentrations in leaves and phloem exudates of all study
sites were in ranges previously reported, but xylem sap content of amino compounds in July was lower at all study sites when
compared to literature data (c. 1 μmol N mL−1). In September, TSNN concentrations increased again at the two study sites in southern Germany after a rain event, whereas
they remained constant at sites in central Germany and southern France which hardly perceived precipitation during that time.
Thus, TSNN concentrations in the xylem sap might be indicative for water balance related N supply in the beech trees. TSNN
profiles at all study sites, however, did not indicate drought stress. Foliar δ13C, but not foliar C and δ18O followed a seasonal trend at all study sites with highest values in May. Differences in foliar δ13C and δ18O did not reflect climatic differences between the sites, and are attributed to differences in altitude, photosynthesis and
δ18O signatures of the water sources. Except of low TSNN concentrations in the xylem sap, no physiological indications of drought
stress were detected in the trees analysed. We suppose that the other parameters assessed might not have been sensitive to
the drought events because of efficient regulation mechanisms that provide a suitable physiological setting even under conditions
of prolonged water limitation. The uniform performance of the trees from southern France and central Germany under comparably
dry climate conditions denotes that the metabolic plasticity of mature beech from the different sites studied might be similar. 相似文献
19.
This study shows that beech leaves adapt to their light environment by inducing dramatic changes to antioxidant systems and
pigment composition. Thus, ascorbate, tocopherol, glutathione, β-carotene and xanthophyll cycle pigments are much more concentrated
in sun leaves, while α-carotene is much less concentrated than in shade leaves. These characteristics were used to identify
the inherent potential of beech cotyledons from three contrasting climatic origins to tolerate light stress. The antioxidant
content was initially different in the three provenances tested, but these initial differences tended to reduce with leaf
ageing. The higher antioxidant and de-epoxidized xanthophyll content found in developing cotyledons indicated a superior potential
for tolerance to photo-oxidative damage in those plants collected from the stressful climate of the Pyrenees. Nevertheless
under an experimental high irradiation treatment no differences in light stress tolerance were observed between provenances.
Received: 31 May 1999 / Accepted: 16 November 1999 相似文献
20.
Nair S. Yokoya Orlando NecchiJr. Aline P. Martins Suzana F. Gonzalez Estela M. Plastino 《Journal of applied phycology》2007,19(3):197-205
The phycoerythrin-deficient strain (green phenotype) of Hypnea musciformis (Rhodophyta) originated from a green branch, which had arisen as a spontaneous mutation in a wild plant (brown phenotype)
collected from the Brazilian coast. The present study describes the growth responses to irradiance, photoperiod and temperature
variations, pigment contents, and photosynthetic characteristics of the brown and green strains of H. musciformis. The results showed that growth rates increased as a function of irradiance (up to 40 μmol photons m−2 s−1) but, with further increase in irradiance (from 40 to 120 μmol photons m−2 s−1), became light-saturated and remained almost unchanged. The highest growth rates of the brown and green strains were observed
in temperatures of 20–25°C under long (14:10 h LD) and short (10:14 h LD) photoperiods. The brown strain had higher growth
rates than the green strain in the short photoperiod, which could be related to the high concentrations of phycobiliproteins.
Phycoerythrin was not detected in the green strain. The brown strain had higher concentrations of allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin
in the short photoperiod while the green strain had higher concentrations of phycocyanin. The brown strain presented higher
photosynthetic efficiency (α), and lower saturation parameter (Ik) and compensation irradiance (Ic) than the green strain. The brown strain exhibited the characteristics of shade-adapted plants, and its higher value of photosynthetic
efficiency could be attributed to the higher phycoerythrin concentrations. Results of the present study indicate that both
colour strains of H. musciformis could be selected for aquaculture, since growth rates were similar (although in different optimal light conditions), as the
green strain seems to be adapted to higher light levels than the brown strain. Furthermore, these colour strains could be
a useful experimental system to understand the regulation of biochemical processes of photosynthesis and metabolism of light-harvesting
pigments in red algae. 相似文献