基于优慕课混合式教学在“兽医免疫学”课程中的探索北大核心CSCD

探究基于内蒙古民族大学优慕课平台混合式教学模式在“兽医免疫学”课程中的教学效果。选取内蒙古民族大学动物医学专业两个班级本科生为研究对象,分别对传统教学(对照组)和混合式教学(实验组)的教学效果进行比较分析。分析结果表明,混合式教学模式可以有效提升课程内容的掌握能力。通过问卷调查得知,大部分学生赞成今后继续以混合式教学模式授课。优慕课混合式教学模式在本门课程中激励了学生主动学习态度,有助于培养创新意识和自我管理能力较强的高校人才。     

Learning biology and geology through a participative teaching approach: the effect on student attitudes towards science and academic performance

ABSTRACT

The investigation has demonstrated that the science teaching strategy employed moderates the interest of students in learning the subject, along with academic achievement. In this article we used a mixed method design in a sample of secondary education students (n = 57) to examine the effect of the participative teaching approach in attitudes towards science and student academic performance in the Biology and Geology subject. We also analysed the influence of student learning styles in their academic performance. The statistical results show that the participative methodology has a positive effect on attitude towards student attitudes towards science and academic performance; this finding has been triangulated with class observations and the vision of the teacher participating in the experience. Furthermore, we identified different significances between boys and girls in pre-test academic performance, which disappeared post-test. Despite this, in both measurements the boys showed greater interest in and enjoyment of science learning than the girls. Finally, we are able to conclude that academic performance is positively related to attitude towards science and with reflexive and theoretical learning styles.     

TBL教学模式与TBL联合PBL教学模式在骨科教学中的对比研究

目的:对比以小组为中心(TBL)教学模式与TBL联合以问题为中心(PBL)教学模式在骨科教学中的应用效果。方法:以2016年2月-2018年2月于我院骨科实习的医学实习生100例为研究对象,将其以随机数字表法分成研究组(n=50)与对照组(n=50)。对照组采用TBL教学模式进行教学,研究组则采用TBL联合PBL教学模式进行教学。两组实习生实习时间均为6周,分别比较两组实习生各项考核成绩、对教学效果的评价情况、在实际操作中出现各类错误的情况以及满意度情况。结果:研究组实习生基础知识、临床操作技能、病历书写、临床分析考核成绩均高于对照组(P0.05)。研究组实习生同意本组教学方式可有效提高临床思维、实践能力、主动学习能力、交流能力、表达能力、获取信息能力以及实习积极性的人数占比均高于对照组(P0.05)。研究组实习生清创不彻底、对无菌观念较差、专科查体不熟练、石膏固定不熟练、对患者及其家属指导不足以及病史采集或病历书写错误人数占比低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组实习生对教学方式满意度高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:TBL联合PBL教学模式在骨科教学中可提高实习生的各项考核成绩,降低实习生在实际操作中出现各类错误的概率,同时可以提高满意度,值得在骨科教学中推广应用。     

CBL教学模式在细胞研究进展教学中的应用效果

目的:探讨案例式教学(CBL)教学模式在细胞研究进展教学中的应用效果。方法:选择我校2013~2015级选修"细胞研究进展"的学生80人为研究对象,按选修课程时间的不同分为实验组及常规组各40例。常规组实施传统的教学模式(LBL),实验组实施CBL教学模式,调查两组学生的教学效果并比较两组学生考试得分情况。结果:实验组学生分析问题的能力、临床思维的建立、课堂积极性及教学满意度得分均高于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组学生临床案例分析及临床操作能力得分均高于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对选修细胞研究进展课程的学生采用CBL模式进行教学,有助于其建立临床思维,提高临床操作能力,提高学生对教学的满意度。     

以教学问题为基础的学习结合以授课为基础的学习教学法在呼吸系统教学中的应用

目的:研究以问题为基础的学习(PBL)结合以授课为基础的学习(LBL)教学法在呼吸系统教学中的应用效果。方法:以2016年1月-2017年12月于西安交通大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科实习的实习生84例为研究对象。将其以随机数字表法分成研究组(n=42)和对照组(n=42)。对照组予以传统LBL教学法进行教学,研究组则采用PBL结合LBL教学法进行教学。分别比较两组实习生各项考试成绩、对教学模式的评价情况以及对教学方式的满意度。结果:研究组实习生专业基础理论知识、病例处理能力成绩均高于对照组(P0.05),而两组基本操作技能相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组实习生对教学模式的学习兴趣、知识理解、自主学习、课堂气氛、表达能力、人际交往的评分均高于对照组(P0.05)。研究组实习生对教学方式满意度为92.86%(39/42),高于对照组的76.19%(32/42),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:PBL结合LBL教学法应用于呼吸系统教学中效果明显,有利于提高实习生考试成绩以及满意度。     

基于微信的“微生物遗传育种实验”混合式教学模式探究

随着互联网的飞速发展,传统课堂教学与互联网相结合的混合式教学模式越来越受到人们的关注。微信作为使用最广泛的即时通讯软件,其公众号功能非常适合作为移动学习的平台。本文介绍了将微信应用到“微生物遗传育种实验”的教学实践,探索线上和线下结合的混合式教学模式。以“绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein, GFP)的基因定点突变实验”为例,从教学设计、建立公众号及推送素材、课前预习、课堂学习、课后复习及反馈等5个方面详细介绍混合式教学过程。GFP基因定点突变实验在引物上引入一个GFP突变位点(Y66H),以质粒pGFPuv为模板,经PCR扩增后,以DpnⅠ消化原始质粒,并转化大肠杆菌筛选蓝色荧光蛋白突变株。采用微信与课堂教学结合的模式,既方便学生与老师交流互动,又有利于学生利用碎片化时间学习,使得“教与学”更加顺畅。实践证明,这种混合式教学模式深受学生喜爱,增强了学生学习兴趣与学习自主性,显著提高了教学效果。     

Blending problem-based learning with Web technology positively impacts student learning outcomes in acid-base physiology

World Wide Web (Web)-based learning (WBL), problem-based learning (PBL), and collaborative learning are at present the most powerful educational options in higher education. A blended (hybrid) course combines traditional face-to-face and WBL approaches in an educational environment that is nonspecific as to time and place. To provide educational services for an undergraduate second-year elective course in acid-base physiology, a rich, student-centered educational Web-environment designed to support PBL was created by using Web Course Tools courseware. The course is designed to require students to work in small collaborative groups using problem solving activities to develop topic understanding. The aim of the study was to identify the impact of the blended WBL-PBL-collaborative learning environment on student learning outcomes. Student test scores and satisfaction survey results from a blended WBL-PBL-based test group (n = 37) were compared with a control group whose instructional opportunities were from a traditional in-class PBL model (n = 84). WBL students scored significantly (t = 3.3952; P = 0.0009) better on the final acid-base physiology examination and expressed a positive attitude to the new learning environment in the satisfaction survey. Expressed in terms of a difference effect, the mean of the treated group (WBL) is at the 76th percentile of the untreated (face-to-face) group, which stands for a "medium" effect size. Thus student progress in the blended WBL-PBL collaborative environment was positively affected by the use of technology.     

微生物学“小规模限制性在线开放课程+对分课堂”混合教学模式的探索与实践

互联网时代下新兴技术推陈出新,传统讲授型课堂面临诸多挑战。秉承“教”与“学”并重的理念,深圳大学微生物学课程探索并初步实践了“小规模限制性在线开放课程(smallprivate online course,SPOC)+对分课堂”混合教学模式。综合两种教学方法的优势,对微生物学课程的教学内容按照“课前、课中、课后”三大模块进行了系统重构,将每个教学单元设计为讲授(presentation,P)-内化吸收(assimilation,A)-温故知新(review,R)-讨论(discussion,D)-讲授(presentation,P),即P-A-R-D-P这5个环节,其中课前P-A环节采用线上SPOC、课中R-D-P采用对分课堂形式。这样的混合教学模式既不忽视传统课堂中教师系统传授知识的重要性,也不完全让学生自学,打造了教师充分设计、学生充分参与的良性互动课堂氛围,有利于实现教师与学生两个主体达到“教”与“学”及“权”与“责”上的动态平衡,获得了学生的充分肯定,达到了较高的教学满意度。     

医学模拟教学结合以问题为导向的教学模式在重症医学教学中的应用研究

目的:探讨医学模拟教学结合以问题为导向(PBL)的教学模式在重症医学教学中的应用价值。方法:选取2015年1月~2017年1月在我院重症医学科轮转实习的五年制医学生64人作为研究对象。按随机数字表法将64名医学生分为PBL组(n=32)和结合教学组(n=32)。PBL组采用PBL教学,结合教学组采用医学模拟结合PBL教学。分别在入科时和轮转实习结束时对两组学员进行理论考试和技能操作考核,记录成绩并比较。理论考试和技能操作考核后采取发放问卷进行调查的形式获得学员对教学效果的主观评价。结果:轮转实习结束时,两组理论考试分数差异无统计学意义(P0.05);而结合教学组技能操作考核成分数显著高于PBL组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组学员在教学方法接受度高、学习兴趣提升、自学能力提升和临床诊疗水平提高所占比例差异无统计学意义(P0.05);结合教学组学员在团队协作能力提高、沟通能力与人文关怀提高和技能操作水平提高所占比例高于PBL组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:与单独PBL教学相比较,医学模拟教学结合PBL的教学模式应用于重症医学教学对学员技能操作的掌握有更好的效果,同时能提高学员团队协作能力、沟通能力以及对患者的人文关怀,且受到学员的认同与喜爱,应在重症医学的教学实践中逐步完善并进一步推广应用。     

线上线下混合式教学模式在中医院校“医学微生物学”教学中的探索与实践

在分析中医院校"医学微生物学"课程性质以及当前理论教学中存在的突出问题的基础上,以"超星学习通"网络教学平台作为依托,构建线上线下相结合的"三环一体,双边互动"混合式教学模式。设计了学生自主学习、生生自由讨论、师生互动教学等活动,把课前、课中和课后3个学习环节融为一体,师生全程交流互动。通过比较法研究了混合式学习对教学效果的影响,初步教学实践表明,相比传统教学,该教学模式提高了学生的课堂参与度、学习成绩和自主学习积极性,更有利于学生对知识的理解和掌握。因此,在中医院校"医学微生物学"课程中,混合式教学是值得深度研究和推广的教学模式。     

案例教学法结合多媒体教学法在超声专业教学中的应用研究

目的:研究案例教学法结合多媒体教学法在超声专业教学中的应用效果。方法:选择2015年3月到2017年3月在我院超声科实习的112名医学院学生进行研究,按照随机数字表法将医学生分成观察组及对照组,各56例,对照组采用传统教学法实施教学,观察组则采用案例教学法以及多媒体教学法实施综合教学,在每学期末,统计并对比两组学生理论成绩和实践成绩,以及两组学生对教学方式的满意度。结果:观察组的理论成绩和实践成绩各项目分值均分别明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组学生对教学方式的满意度为98.21%,明显高于对照组的87.50%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:案例教学法与多媒体教学法的综合应用能够有效提升超声专业学生的理论成绩和实践成绩,还可改善其对教学方式的满意度,效果较好,临床超声教学可考虑将此种教学方式进行广泛推广,从而更有利于培养专业人才。     

PBL结合询证医学模式在普通外科临床教学中的应用

目的:基于问题的学习(PBL)结合询证医学(EMB)模式在普通外科临床教学中的应用。方法:选择2015年9月到2016年1月在我院学习的普通外科专业学生74例纳入本次研究,根据简单数字随机表法将其划分为观察组(PBL结合EBM教学模式)以及对照组(传统教学模式)各37例,对比两组考试成绩,课程相关指标,以及评优情况。结果:观察组的基础知识得分、主观题考试得分、个案分析得分以及总分均分别明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组的课前准备时间、课堂发言次数及授课满意度均明显大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组药物选择合理、患者状态评估准确以及符合临床实际上的评优率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:PBL结合EBM模式应用在普通外科的临床教学过程中,效果明显,能较好地激发学生学习兴趣并提高其学习成绩,还可提升学生的评优率,值得给予推广。     

The effects of an online learning environment with worked examples and peer feedback on students’ argumentative essay writing and domain-specific knowledge acquisition in the field of biotechnology

Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of an online learning environment supported with worked examples and peer feedback on students’ argumentative essay writing and domain-specific knowledge acquisition in the field of biotechnology. As part of a bigger project, a pre- and post-test study design was used with 45 bachelor students who were randomly grouped in pairs. Students were asked to analyse a case and write an argumentative essay taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified organisms. The results showed that the combination of worked examples and peer feedback improve the quality of argumentative essay writing and facilitate the acquisition of domain-specific knowledge. Implications, suggestions, and future research are discussed.     

基于标准病例的案例教学法在普外科见习教学中的应用探讨

目的:探讨基于标准病例(SP)的案例教学法(CBL)在普外科见习教学中的应用效果。方法:选取2014年6月至2015年6月我院见习的五年制临床本科医学生共112人,利用随机数字表的方法将其分为对照组和研究组,两组人数各56人。对研究组采取基于SP的CBL教学法,而对照组则使用传统临床带教方法,1个月后对理论、技能进行评价,并对学生和教师的满意进行问卷调查。结果:在技能考核和病例分析方面,研究组学生的得分显著高于对照组(P0.05),理论成绩无明显差异(P0.05)。对学生满意度的调查中,在"课堂气氛活跃"、"对学习兴趣的激发"、"利于理论与实践结合"以及"有利于形成正确临床思维"四个方面,研究组的满意度显著高于对照组(P0.05)。在对教师满意度调查中,认为试验组教学法的效率要高于对照组教学法(P0.05),而在"易实施性"满意度低于对照组教学法(P0.05),在"可操作性"方面差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:与传统教学模式比较,基于SP的CBL教学法具有显著的优势,能更直观的展示某种疾病的特征,使学生通过实践巩固对基础知识的记忆,值得进一步探索并推广。     

Student exam performance in flipped classroom sections is similar to that in active learning sections,and satisfaction with the flipped classroom hinges on attitudes toward learning from videos

ABSTRACT

The flipped classroom is a teaching innovation in which instructional content is delivered out of the classroom, often via videos, and the class period is used for application of the course material. While the popularity of the flipped classroom is growing exponentially, its benefits have not been extensively studied. In this study we compared three semesters of an undergraduate Genetics course that was non-flipped, but included a significant amount of active learning, to three semesters of a flipped course with the same content. Student exam performance was not statistically different between the active non-flipped and the flipped courses, suggesting that the benefits of the flipped environment may be similar to those achieved via active learning. We also examined student attitudes toward the flipped classroom, and found 56% of students were satisfied, 39% were dissatisfied, and 5% were neutral toward the flipped classroom. Our survey revealed that the clearest defining characteristic of dissatisfied students was not a dislike of classroom active learning activities. Rather, dissatisfied students disproportionately disliked, and had difficulty learning the course material, from videos.     

Improving Education in Medical Statistics: Implementing a Blended Learning Model in the Existing Curriculum

Background

Although recent studies report on the benefits of blended learning in improving medical student education, there is still no empirical evidence on the relative effectiveness of blended over traditional learning approaches in medical statistics. We implemented blended along with on-site (i.e. face-to-face) learning to further assess the potential value of web-based learning in medical statistics.

Methods

This was a prospective study conducted with third year medical undergraduate students attending the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, who passed (440 of 545) the final exam of the obligatory introductory statistics course during 2013–14. Student statistics achievements were stratified based on the two methods of education delivery: blended learning and on-site learning. Blended learning included a combination of face-to-face and distance learning methodologies integrated into a single course.

Results

Mean exam scores for the blended learning student group were higher than for the on-site student group for both final statistics score (89.36±6.60 vs. 86.06±8.48; p = 0.001) and knowledge test score (7.88±1.30 vs. 7.51±1.36; p = 0.023) with a medium effect size. There were no differences in sex or study duration between the groups. Current grade point average (GPA) was higher in the blended group. In a multivariable regression model, current GPA and knowledge test scores were associated with the final statistics score after adjusting for study duration and learning modality (p<0.001).

Conclusion

This study provides empirical evidence to support educator decisions to implement different learning environments for teaching medical statistics to undergraduate medical students. Blended and on-site training formats led to similar knowledge acquisition; however, students with higher GPA preferred the technology assisted learning format. Implementation of blended learning approaches can be considered an attractive, cost-effective, and efficient alternative to traditional classroom training in medical statistics.     

The effect of case teaching on meaningful and retentive learning when studying genetic engineering

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of case teaching on how students learn about genetic engineering, in terms of meaningful learning and retention of learning. The study was designed as quasi-experimental research including 63 8th graders (28 boys and 35 girls). To collect data, genetic engineering achievement tests were developed by the researchers and concept maps (CMs) were used. In the study, the experimental group (n = 31) experienced case teaching, while the comparison group (n = 32) experienced ordinary teaching. To analyse the data from achievement test scores, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann–Whitney U test were used. In analysis of the CMs, the number of concepts, number of connecting phrases, number of examples used in the maps and shape of the maps were determined. The analyses showed that the mean achievement scores of the groups significantly differed in favour of the experimental group. Also, retention of the learning in the experimental group was observed. The number of concepts used in CMs did not significantly differ, while the number of connecting phrases in both groups differed significantly in favour of the experimental group. In addition, the students in the experimental group changed their initial hierarchical maps into branched maps, indicating more connection to other concepts.     

住院医师对规范化培训制度的认知态度调查

????? 目的 了解上海市住院医师规范化培训制度实施1年来住院医师对培训的认知与态度状况,为发现培训中的问题、提出改进意见提供信息支持。方法 对上海市2010年招录的住院医师进行抽样问卷调查。结果 住院医师对规范化培训的认知情况较好,仅有0.89%的人认为自己对医院的培训工作完全不了解;对于培训的态度也比较积极,占总数56.37%的人认为参加培训使自己在未来工作中有一定优势;对培训的总体满意度也较高,但其中薪酬满意度仅2.88。结论 上海市住院医师规范化培训一年来取得了一定成效,2010年招录的住院医师培训对培训政策的认识不断加深,态度与看法正面积极,在培训内容、基地设施、带教水平、师资为人和带教积极性方面的满意程度也较高。建议从更加细致化和规范化的角度来完善政策。

     

小组学习促进《植物检疫》课程教学效果的探讨

本文介绍了一种小组学习方式提高《植物检疫》教学效果的方法。试验于2010-2014年在本科生中进行,每届学生被分为两批进行比较试验。借助互联网辅助小组学习和文献研读小组学习两种方式对学习效果的影响进行了研究。结果表明,两种教学方式均有效提高了学生的测验成绩,反馈问卷显示两种教学方式受到学生的欢迎并有助于激发他们的学习兴趣。小组学习的方式可作为《植物检疫》课程教学的重要辅助方式。     

军校五年制学员营养学PBL教学模式的构建及效果评价

目的:探讨PBL教学模式在营养学教学中的作用及不足,并评价其教学效果。方法:采用随机抽样的方法,选取第四军医大学2012级五年制营养学专业学员(114名)实施PBL教学,2011级五年制临床专业学员(159名)实施传统教学;从四个方面(考试成绩、教学满意度、学员解决未知问题的方式、学习兴趣及积极性)综合评价PBL教学效果。结果:与传统教学组相比较,PBL教学组的考试成绩、教学满意度、学员解决未知问题的方式以及学习兴趣均显著升高。结论:PBL教学模式不仅提高了学员的考试成绩,还提高了学员的学习能力与素质,有必要进一步优化并大力推广。