大叶秦艽的组织培养与植株再生

以秦艽的叶和下胚轴为外植体,成功地诱导出愈伤组织和再生植株.诱导愈伤组织最合适的培养基为附加2 m g·L- 1 2 ,4 - D和0 .5 mg·L- 1 6 - BA的MS培养基,诱导率可达到10 0 % .愈伤组织转移到附加2 mg·L- 12 ,4 - D和0 .5 mg·L- 1 KT和5 0 0 m g·L- 1 L H的MS培养基上进行继代培养,增殖后的愈伤组织转移到附加0 .1mg·L- 1 2 ,4 - D和0 .5 m g·L- 1 6 - BA的MS分化培养基上进行分化,其分化率可达到86 .6 7% ,将分化出的芽转接到不加激素的MS上,结果可生长出大量的分化苗.     

蒙花忍冬的组织培养与快速繁殖研究

以金银花 蒙花 品系的茎段为外植体 ,于 MS和 B5附加不同激素配比的培养基上 ,探讨愈伤组织形成和丛生芽诱导及生根培养的条件 .诱导愈伤组织和丛生芽的培养基为 B5+BA2 .0 m g· L- 1 +KT0 .2～ 0 .5 mg· L- 1+IAA 0 .5～ 1 .0 mg· L- 1 +L H 1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1 ,继代增殖培养的培养基为 B5+BA 2 .0 m g· L- 1 +KT 0 .5 m g·L- 1 +IAA1 .0 m g· L- 1 +L H1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1和 B5+BA2 .0 mg· L- 1 +KT0 .36 m g· L- 1 +IAA1 .0 mg· L- 1+CH 1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1 +1 / 2 MS :大量元素 ,生根培养基为 1 / 2 MS +IBA 0 .2 mg· L- 1 +L H 1 0 0 0 mg·L- 1 .结果表明 L H和 CH在金银花愈伤组织和丛生芽诱导方面具明显的作用     

虎杖的组织培养与快速繁殖

以虎杖茎段、叶柄、叶片为外植体探讨了愈伤组织诱导、分化和植株再生的条件,筛选出茎段生长培养基为1/2MS+BA1.0mg·L-1+KT0.5mg·L-1+NAA0.2mg·L-1,茎段、叶柄和叶片外植体愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+BA1.0～2.0mg·L-1+KT0.2～0.5mg·L-1+NAA0.2～0.5mg·L-1或MS+BA2.0～3.0mg·L-1+KT0.2～0.5mg·L-1+2,4-D0.5mg·L-1;丛生芽诱导培养基为MS+BA2.0mg·L-1+KT0.5mg·L-1+IBA0.2mg·L-1+LH1000;不定根及根状茎诱导培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.2mg·L-1.     

利用丛生芽和愈伤组织微繁技术培养紫茎泽兰的研究

通过丛生芽直接增殖和愈伤组织再分化两条途径建立紫茎泽兰的无性系,可为进一步研究紫茎泽兰入侵的分子生态机制提供植物材料。结果表明:MS+BA2.0mg·L-1+NAA0.05mg·L-1为丛生芽增殖的最适培养基,MS+BA0.1mg·L-1+NAA0.1mg·L-1和MS+BA2.0mg·L-1+NAA0.2mg·L-1分别适于叶片愈伤组织的诱导和分化,而1/2MS+IAA0.1mg·L-1对生根最有利。     

梨枣叶片和茎段再生体系的建立

用不同浓度配比的生长素和细胞分裂素诱导梨枣叶片和茎段愈伤组织的产生,并研究了不定芽诱导的最佳配方,建立了梨枣叶片和茎段的再生体系.结果表明,梨枣叶片愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基为MS+2,4-D 1.5 mg·L-1+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1;茎段为MS+2,4-D 1.0 mg·L-1+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1.叶片不定芽诱导的最佳培养基为MS+IBA 0.1 mg·L-1+6-BA 1.5 mg·L-1. AgNO3能阻止叶片外植体褐化并有效地促进叶片愈伤组织分化.茎段能在同一培养基上产生愈伤组织并直接分化出不定芽.     

番茄下胚轴离体培养植株再生及其组织学观察

研究了上海地区的主要栽培品种之一“鲜丰”番茄下胚轴离体培养过程中的激素调控 ,结果表明 :“鲜丰”番茄下胚轴进行离体培养过程中 ,MS培养基上附加不同浓度的生长素( IAA)和细胞分裂素 ( BA) ,对愈伤组织的形成影响不大 ,但对不定芽的分化有较大的影响 ,得出最佳培养基为 MS+ BA1 .0～ 2 .0 mg· L- 1+ IAA0 .2 mg· L- 1。用不同浓度的 ZT、BA、KT进行单因子芽器官的诱导实验 ,发现 ZT的作用力强于 BA和 KT,KT最弱 ;用不同浓度NAA、IAA、IBA、2 ,4- D进行发根培养实验 ,发现番茄的内源生长素浓度较高 ,用外植体直接发根外加生长素有一定的作用 ,若用不定芽扦插发根 ,不附加生长素也极易发根 ,故番茄的生根培养基为 1 /2 MS或 MS附加 IAA 0 .0 5～ 0 .1 mg· L- 1。另外 ,对有关细胞启动、分裂、分化以及器官发生的组织学观察表明 :番茄离体培养中不定芽通常发生在愈伤组织的周边区 ,也可起源于维管组织结节周围的形成层状细胞。不定根则由茎中柱鞘处发生。     

红掌遗传转化受体系统的建立Ⅰ离体高效培养体系的建立

以红掌叶片和叶柄为材料,研究了影响红掌愈伤组织的诱导和分化的因素.结果表明,基因型对愈伤组织诱导有显著的影响,Pink Champion愈伤组织诱导率最高,为90%.基本培养基对愈伤组织诱导影响显著.在改良MS培养基上,愈伤组织诱导率为85%,出愈伤多,质量高.消毒时间和接种方式对愈伤组织诱导率亦有显著影响.初展开叶片用氯化汞消毒8-10min,背面向下接入培养基,愈伤组织诱导率高.外源激素对愈伤组织的诱导和芽分化影响显著.单独使用BA不能诱导红掌叶片产生愈伤组织,高浓度BA、低浓度2,4-D时,愈伤组织诱导率高.在MS+BA0.5 mg·L-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L-1+CM 5%培养基上,芽分化率为97.5%,平均芽分化数为4.5个/块,芽粗壮.将分化出的芽转入1/2 MS+NAA 0.2 mg·L-1+AC 1 g·L-1培养基上诱导生根,生根率达100%.通过上述研究建立了红掌离体高效培养系统.     

海滨锦葵胚轴愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

以海滨锦葵(Kosteletzkya virginica)胚轴为外植体,在9种不同激素配比的培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导、继代培养、不定芽分化及生根培养,确定了植株再生的最适培养条件:(1)愈伤组织诱导最适培养基为MS+IAA 1．0 mg·L-1+KT 0.3 mg·L-1+sucrose 30 g·L-1+agar 8 g·L-1,愈伤组织诱导率为93．94％;(2)不定芽诱导最适培养基为MS+IAA 0．1 mg·L-1+ZT 0．5 mg·L-1+sucrose 30 g·L-1+agar 8 g·L-1,不定芽诱导率为65．83％;(3)生根最适培养基为MS+sucrose 30 g·L-1+ agar 8 g·L-1,生根率为96．67％。炼苗移栽后,成活率可达85％。     

马铃薯叶片高效再生体系的建立

以4个马铃薯栽培品种为试材,进行了叶片离体再生研究,结果表明:东农303、鄂1号叶片愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA2.5mg·L-1+NAA0.2mg·L-1;费乌瑞它为MS+6-BA2.0mg·L-1+NAA0.1mg·L-1;夏波帝为MS+6-BA2.0mg·L-1+NAA0.2mg·L-1,愈伤组织的诱导率均可达100%.诱导不定芽分化的最佳培养基分别是:费乌瑞它、鄂1号为MS+6-BA2.5mg·L-1+GA35.0mg·L-1;东农303为MS+6-BA1.0mg·L-1+IAA0.1mg·L-1+GA32.5mg·L-1;夏波帝为MS+6-BA2.5mg·L-1+IAA0.5mg·L-1+GA32.5mg·L-1,其不定芽分化率分别达94.3%、100%、100%和90%.     

哈密瓜组织培养和离体快繁

1　植物名称　哈密瓜 (Cucumismelovar.sacchar inus)品种金皇后。2　材料类别　子叶。3　培养条件　以MS为基本培养基。 ( 1 )种子发芽培养基 :1 /2MS ;( 2 )愈伤组织诱导培养基 :MS + 6 BA 0 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +IBA 0 .1 ;( 3)不定芽诱导培养基 :MS + 6 BA 1 .0 ;( 4 )不定芽伸长培养基 :MS + 6 BA 1 .0 +GA30 .5 ;( 5 )生根培养基 :1 /2MS +IBA 2 .0。以上培养基均附加 0 .8%琼脂、3%蔗糖 ,pH 5 .8。培养温度( 2 6± 1 )℃ ,光照 1 6h·d- 1 ,光照度 2 0 0 0lx。4　生长与分化情况4.1　无菌材料的获得　金皇后种子去皮…     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.