"Being Alive Well": Health and the Politics of Cree Well-Being.

"Being Alive Well": Health and the Politics of Cree Well-Being. Naomi Adelson. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000. ix. 141 pp.     

Writing and Colonialism in Northern Ghana: The Encounter between the LoDagaa and the "World on Paper."

Writing and Colonialism in Northern Ghana: The Encounter between the LoDagaa and the "World on Paper." Sean Hawkins. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002. 468 pp.     

VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY

"Pictures Bring Us Messages" Sinaakssiiksi aohtsimaahpihkookiyaawa: Photographs and Histories from the Kainai Nation . Alison K. Brown and Laura Peers, with members of the Kainai Nation. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006. 280 pp., 32 plates, and 13 figures.     

Nature in the city,city in the nature: case studies of the restoration of urban nature in Tokyo,Japan and Toronto,Canada

Increasing demands for the restoration of nature in cities have led planners to seek an effective form, configuration and maintenance scheme for parks and open spaces in urban areas. This paper aims to introduce two contrasting examples of ways that planners have met the challenge of restoring nature in the city. It takes Tokyo Bay Bird Sanctuary Park (TBBSP), Tokyo, Japan, and Tommy Thompson Park (TTP), Toronto, Canada, as case studies. TBBSP is located on reclaimed land facing Tokyo Bay, and is surrounded by heavily industrialized areas. The absence of green corridors which connect TBBSP to surrounding green patches have turned TBBSP into an isolated oasis for migrating birds. TTP in Toronto is also located on reclaimed land facing Lake Ontario. However, TTP has become to be an indispensable green patch of the open space network of Toronto because it is located at the node of green corridors. The principles of landscape ecology may dictate that TTP, integrated in the green network of the area, is in far better condition than isolated TBBSP. However both case studies are based on the same early post-war parks and open space planning concept, which aimed to clearly separate urban greens from surrounding urban fabrics. To restore nature in cities it is important to understand that alternative models of parks and open space planning can exist. We therefore refer to the authentic urban pattern found in Japanese cities, which historically have not intended to clearly separate each land use types but have sustained a mix of open spaces and urban fabrics. In the context of the global concern to realize ecological cities, restoring a city by integrating greens in the urban fabric should be understood as a way of achieving a city in nature.     

Mal'occhiu. Ambiguity, Evil Eye, and the Language of Distress

Mal'occhiu. Ambiguity, Evil Eye, and the Language of Distress. Sam Migliore. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1997.160 pp.     

Enteroviral Syndromes in Toronto, 1964

Virological or serological investigations of 72 children in Toronto and environs, who were hospitalized between January and October 1964 with a variety of syndromes, revealed evidence of enteroviral infection in 29 subjects. Coxsackie B2 was the dominant enterovirus, being isolated from feces and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of three children with aseptic meningitis, three with pleurodynia, one with myalgia and one with pericarditis; four additional patients showed rising antibody titres to this virus. Coxsackie B1 virus, which has not been isolated in Toronto since 1950, was recovered from feces of three patients with pleurodynia, CSF of one patient with myalgia, and peritoneal fluid of a child with primary peritonitis; one patient with pericarditis showed a rising antibody titre to Coxsackie B1 virus. Coxsackie B3, B4 and Echo 23 viruses were associated with one case each of pleurodynia. Coxsackie B5 virus infected five patients with aseptic meningitis, and one each with pericarditis and myocarditis.     

Creation of first malaria vaccine raises troubling questions about "intellectual racism". Interview by Kirsteen MacLeod.

Some of the problems caused by malaria, which places a huge roadblock in front of economic progress in the Third World, may be solved by a new vaccine created by Dr. Manuel Patarroyo, a Columbian physician and researcher. "Imagine how things would be if Canadians had malaria," he says. "Episodes last 10 days, then there are 10 days of recovering. This leaves only 10 days each month in which to do some productive work. Then imagine killing the population of Toronto each year, and you can see the huge toll in terms of the number of yearly deaths globally from malaria." His discovery also raises the issue of "intellectual racism" because of criticism of Patarroyo''s methods by Western scientists. Patarroyo, meanwhile, turned down a $60-million offer for his vaccine, and instead donated the patent to the World Health Organization.     

蕲州地区的蕲艾、青蒿、黄花蒿与茵陈的考订

<正> 蕲州是我国中药材主要产地之一,是湖北省蕲春县的一个集镇,,是我国中医药大师李时珍的家乡。该地区生长的菊科蒿属植物Artemisia Linn。颇多,其中入药的有十余种,并在李时珍《本草纲目》中曾有记载。这里仅对该地区常见入药的蕲艾、青蒿、黄花蒿与茵陈结合《本草纲目》记载的材料作初步的考订。     

Waiting list already 7 months long at Toronto's new Environmental Health Clinic

Following the head set by Nova Scotia, Ontario now has a clinic devoted to the treatment of patients with "environmental illness." It opened in Toronto last year, and patients must be referred by their family physician and complete a 16-page previsit questionnaire. They receive a 3-hour assessment in which their medical history is explored, plus a full physical examination and blood and urine tests. Dr. Frank Foley, who heads the Toronto clinic, says his patients have seen from 8 to 10 health care professionals in the 2 years before their visit and most have been told the problem is "in your head." He says they need to "have their symptoms validated and their distress acknowledged."     

Trap-vaccinate-release and oral vaccination for rabies control in urban skunks, raccoons and foxes.

Two rabies control tactics, trap-vaccinate-release (T-V-R) and oral vaccination were used for the control of rabies in skunks (Mephitis mephitis), raccoons (Procyon lotor), and foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in metropolitan Toronto, Canada. Using T-V-R, a mean of 45% to 72% (95% confidence limits of 40% to 81%) of the skunks and a mean of 17% to 68% (95% confidence limits of 14% to 76%) of the raccoons in a 60 km2 area of Toronto were vaccinated against rabies between 1987 and 1991. The area has been free of skunk rabies from May 1989 to April 1992. Forty-five rabies cases were diagnosed during 1980 to 1986. In contrast, only three skunk cases have been reported since the vaccination program began in July 1987. The T-V-R area also remained rabies free during an epizootic of skunk rabies in metropolitan Toronto during 1991. Following distribution of rabies vaccine-baits throughout the ravines of metropolitan Toronto, June 1989 to December 1991, 46% to 80% of the Toronto fox population was immunized during 1989, 1990 and 1991. Only one case of fox rabies was reported in metropolitan Toronto since vaccination began, compared to 80 cases reported between 1982 and 1988. The area has been free of reported fox rabies from October 1990 to April 1992.     

The Health of Native Americans: Towards a Biocultural Epidemiology and Aboriginal Health in Canada: Historical, Cultural, and Epidemiological Perspectives

The Health of Native Americans: Towards a Biocultural Epidemiology. T. Kue Young. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994 (cloth), ix + 275 pp.
Aboriginal Health in Canada: Historical, Cultural, and Epidemiological Perspectives. James B. Waldram, D. Ann Herring, and T. Kue Young. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995 (cloth and paper), xii + 334 pp.     

Electron intensity,the role of humic acids in extracellular electron transport and chemical determination of pE in natural waters

Experimental systems demonstrate that humic acids are capable of accepting electrons from a wide spectrum of donors and transferring those electrons to a wide spectrum of acceptors, linking normally thermodynamically discrete redox couples. By functioning as a wide redox potential flavoprotein, humics encompass all the redox potentials pertinent to aquatic systems and hence determine relative electron activity, the negative log of which is pE. A chemically determined, system oxidation-reduction potential allows pE to be used along with pH in developing a biochemical framework for thermodynamically derived predictions of aquatic system behavior.Dept. of zoologyUniversity of Toronto     

Hospitals' response to the buckle-up baby legislation in Ontario.

Drivers in Ontario are legally responsible to ensure that infants and toddlers are restrained in a child safety seat or by a lap belt. In 1982 the minister of health sent a memorandum to all medical officers of health and the administrators and medical directors of all public hospitals in Ontario, urging them to encourage and assist parents in protecting their newborn children with safety seats. In 1983 the Toronto General Hospital established the Cooperative Hospital Infant Restraint Program (CHIRP) to study the feasibility of a "loaner" program for hospitals in metropolitan Toronto. The authors describe CHIRP and its objectives. They also report the results of a questionnaire they sent in 1984 to all Ontario hospitals that had a newborn or pediatric service to assess their response to the minister''s memorandum.     

Cognitive rehabilitation advanced by multifaceted research,conference told

More than 400 researchers, physicians and therapists recently gathered in Toronto for an international conference on cognitive rehabilitation. Speakers said this field of study is still in its infancy, although research is progressing in varied areas such as plasticity of the brain, ways to improve the brain''s ability to recover from trauma, stroke or disease, motivation strategies and external memory aids. A Toronto psychologist described positive clinical experiences achieved through individual counselling, alleviation of the family''s anxiety and the teaching of behaviour-management techniques.     

Meaning, Medicine, and the "Placebo Effect"

Meaning, Medicine, and the "Placebo Effect" Daniel Moerman Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. xiii. 172 pp.     

Iodine Nutrition During Pregnancy in Toronto,Canada

ObjectiveTo evaluate the status of iodine nutrition among pregnant women presenting for routine antenatal care in Toronto, Canada, as determined by the median urine iodine concentration (UIC) of this population.MethodsA cross-sectional, observational study was conducted involving 142 pregnant women recruited from four low-risk antenatal outpatient clinics in Toronto, Canada. Subjects completed a questionnaire and provided a spot urine sample for the measurement of iodine concentration.ResultsMean maternal age was 33.8 ± 4.3 years. Mean gestational age was 29.3 ± 7.8 weeks. The median UIC was 221 μg/L (interquartile range, 142 to 397 μg/L). Six women (4.2%) had urine iodine levels <50 μg/L, and 36 women (25.4%) had levels between 50 and 150 μg/L.ConclusionThis cohort of primarily Caucasian, well-educated, and relatively affluent pregnant women in Toronto, Canada, are iodine sufficient, perhaps due to universal salt iodization and/or other dietary and lifestyle factors. (Endocr Pract. 2013;19:206-211)     

Enteroviral and Mumps Meningitis in Toronto, 1963

Virological investigations of 115 children with the aseptic meningitis syndrome during 1963 resulted in the isolation of enteroviruses from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or feces of 21 of 48 children who had no association with mumps. For the third successive year, Echo 9 was the dominant enterovirus in cases of aseptic meningitis in Toronto children, but no rashes were associated with Echo 9 meningitis during 1963, in contradistinction to previous years. Mumps virus was isolated from CSF of 25 patients by inoculation of rhesus monkey kidney cultures, and rising or elevated mumps antihemagglutinin titres in paired sera from a further 33 cases provided laboratory evidence of infection with mumps virus in 58 of 67 patients with mumps meningoencephalitis. No enlargement of salivary glands was noted in 20 laboratory-proved cases of mumps meningoencephalitis. Enteroviral meningitis occurred principally during summer, but the peak of mumps meningoencephalitis occurred during late winter.     

Seroprevalence of and risk factors for HIV-1 infection in injection drug users in Montreal and Toronto: a collaborative study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of antibodies to HIV-1 and risk factors for HIV-1 infection among injection drug users. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey. A venous blood sample was taken for HIV-1 antibody testing. SETTING: Montreal and Toronto. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 810 subjects who had used injection drugs in the previous 6 months recruited mainly from treatment centres and from the street in Montreal (425 subjects) and from treatment centres in Toronto (385 subjects) between September 1988 and September 1990. The overall participation rate was 82%. OUTCOME MEASURES: HIV-1 seropositivity, sociodemographic and behavioural risk factors for HIV-1 infection. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence rate of HIV-1 infection was 4.8% (95% confidence limits [CL] 3.5 and 6.5). In Montreal the rate was 8.2% (95% CL 6.0 and 11.2), and in Toronto 1.0% (95% CL 0.4 and 2.6) (p < 0.001). Seropositive subjects were significantly older (p = 0.041) and were more likely to have a history of imprisonment (p = 0.006) than seronegative subjects. In univariate analysis seropositivity was associated with the following behaviours: more frequent cocaine use (p < 0.001), injecting drugs in "shooting galleries" (p = 0.002), sharing equipment with a person known to be HIV-1 seropositive (p = 0.006), "booting" fresh blood (p = 0.004), homosexual or bisexual orientation (p = 0.006), engaging in prostitution (p < 0.001) and, for men, number of male sexual partners in the previous 6 months (p = 0.007). In multivariate analysis the determinants of HIV-1 seropositivity were Montreal as the city of recruitment (odds ratio [OR] 6.7, 95% CL 2.32 and 19.42), engaging in prostitution (OR 2.13, 95% CL 1.01 and 4.75), a history of imprisonment (OR 3.51, 95% CL 1.33 and 9.29) and sharing equipment with a person known to be HIV-1 seropositive (OR 4.43, 95% CL 1.43 and 13.74). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that HIV-1 is circulating among injection drug users in Montreal and Toronto and that both drug use and sexual behaviours are implicated in the transmission of infection in the populations studied. Adapted preventive programs should be developed to prevent further spread of HIV-1 infection in this population.     

The third CAPRI assessment meeting Toronto, Canada, April 20-21, 2007

CAPRI is a community-wide experiment to test protein-protein docking methods in blind predictions. The Toronto meeting assessed structure predictions made from 2005-2007 on nine target protein-protein complexes or homodimers, and reported new developments in functions used to score predicted interactions, in treatment of conformational flexibility, and in taking nonstructural information into account in the predictions.