SMAD4在嗜甲醇酵母中的表达及鉴定

Ｓｍａｄ４是新近发现的一种肿瘤抑制基因。在５０％的胰腺癌和３０％的结肠癌中,此基因发生突变或缺失。利用Ｐｉｃｈｉａ ｐａｓｔｏｒｉｓ酵母表达系统,以胞外分泌的方法表达了ＳＭＡＤ４蛋白,并对ＳＭＡＤ４蛋白的生化性质进行了分析。结果显示表达蛋白的分子量约６７ｋＤ,经Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹鉴定,与ＳＭＡＤ４抗全有特异的结合反应,Ｎ末端１３个氨基酸的序列与Ｓｍａｄ４ ｃＤＮＡ推断的序列完全一致。     

Arresten在毕赤酵母中的表达和鉴定

Arresten来自人Ⅳ型胶原α-1链非胶原末端,可抑制新血管生成。从人肝脏提取总RNA,RT-PCR扩增arres-ten的cDNA,T载体进一步扩增后与表达载体pPIC9连接,测序,确认后转入毕赤酵母,获得表达可溶性arresten的酵母细胞。表达产物经初步纯化后,用SDS-PAGE测定分子量为26kD,与理论计算值接近;表达产物对matrigel辅助的内皮细胞管化有明显抑制作用。上述结果表明用毕赤酵母表达了有活性的arresten。     

靶向性DNA甲基化酶在毕赤酵母中的表达和鉴定

目的：在毕赤酵母中表达融合Myc—His标签的靶向性甲基化酶B1—3a并进行鉴定。方法：以含有B1—3a基因的pcDNA4．0-myc／his质粒为模板,通过PCR扩增获得融合有myc／his标签序列的目的区段B1—3a基因,然后克隆入表达载体pPIC3-5k;电穿孔转化毕赤酵母菌株GS115,经G418筛选后进行甲醇诱导表达,并以SDS—PAGE和Western印迹对表达产物进行鉴定。结果：表达产物中可见与目的蛋白相对分子质量（50000）相符的条带,该条带可被Myc标签单克隆抗体特异识别。结论：正确构建了靶向性甲基化酶Bl-3a的酵母表达载体,靶向性甲基化酶能够在毕赤酵母中成功表达。     

Expression,purification and biophysical characterization of recombinant Streptomyces violaceoruber phospholipase PLA2 overproduced in Pichia pastoris

Abstract

Aim: The main purpose of this work was to develop new protocols for high yield purification of secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and to investigate its biophysical properties.

Materials and methods: We have used a Pichia pastoris expression system for PLA2 expression and two-stage chromatography for its purification. The biophysical properties of PLA2 were investigated by circular dichroism.

Results: A scalable method for high yield purification of recombinant Streptomyces violaceruber PLA2 was developed. The PLA2 from S. violaceruber was expressed in the methylotrophic yeast P. pastoris. Functional active phospholipase A2 with specific activity 73?U/mg was purified with a concentration of at least 3?mg/mL. The role of different divalent ions in PLA2 thermostability were evaluated. Ca²⁺ and Ba²⁺ ions significantly increased thermostability of the enzyme.     

Posttransformational vector amplification in the yeast Pichia pastoris

Generating a high yield of recombinant protein is a major goal when expressing a foreign gene in any expression system. In the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris , a common means of achieving this end is to select for transformants containing multiple integrated copies of an expression vector by plating them on high levels of a selectable marker drug followed by screening for rare colonies with multiple copies. We describe a more convenient method to select for such clones. Using Zeocin-resistance-based vectors, we demonstrate that strains transformed with only one or a few vector copies can, long after transformation, be subjected to further selection at high levels of drug. This resulted in the frequent selection of clones containing increased copy numbers of the vector. This posttransformational vector amplification (PTVA) process resulted in strains containing multiple head-to-tail copies of the entire vector integrated at a single locus in the genome. Of our PTVA selected clones, 40% showed a three- to fivefold increase in vector copy number. So-called 'jackpot' clones with >10 copies of the expression vector represented 5–6% of selected clones and had a proportional increase in recombinant protein.     

毕赤酵母醇氧化酶1启动子突变体的分离与鉴定

目的：通过醇氧化酶1启动子突变,筛选毕赤酵母高水平表达菌株。方法：通过致错PCR构建醇氧化酶1启动子突变体,经酶切连接到改造过的质粒HSA-pPIC9上,转化毕赤酵母GS115感受态细胞,摇瓶培养表达筛选人血清白蛋白（HSA）高表达突变体菌株。结果：克隆测序结果表明,突变的醇氧化酶1启动子-910和-569位点处共2个碱基发生了T→C突变;获得一株高表达菌株,摇瓶中HSA的表达量由200mg／L提高到335mg／L。结论：通过醇氧化酶1启动子突变成功构建了HSA高表达菌株。     

High-level secretory expression of immunologically active intact antibody from the yeast Pichia pastoris

We have produced a functional murine antibody to dioxin in the culture medium of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Complementary DNA copies encoding the light () and heavy () chains of the dioxin monoclonal antibody, DD1, were each placed under the control of P.pastoris alcohol oxidase (AOX1) promoter and Saccharomyces cerevisiae -mating factor secretion signal sequence. The resulting expression cassettes were assembled into a single plasmid (pPICZDD1) to permit co-expression of both light and heavy chains of the antibody molecule. P.pastoris SMD1168 (pep4, his4) transformed with pPICZDD1 was able to secrete intact antibody into the culture medium. As high as 36 mg l^–1 of the antibody was produced in shake-flask cultures after 96-h induction with methanol. Functional analysis using immunoassay confirmed murine nature of the recombinant antibody and its ability to bind dioxin.     

重组人载脂蛋白C-I在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达及鉴定

目的:在毕赤酵母中高效分泌表达与天然人载脂蛋白C-I具有相同结构和活性的重组人载脂蛋白C-I( rhApoC-I).方法:RT-PCR法自人肝组织调取编码人ApoC-I的cDNA,构建真核分泌型表达载体pPICZα/hApoC-I.重组质粒线性化后转化毕赤酵母感受态细胞,甲醇诱导表达,建立rhApoC-I的毕赤酵母表达体系.对rhApoC-I进行Western blot分析和体外活性研究.结果:经PCR法克隆的hApoC-I cDNA序列与GenBank登录序列一致.SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析均在分子量约6.6kDa出现特异性条带,2L发酵条件下表达量达到80mg/L.结论:首次在毕赤酵母菌中高效分泌表达rhApoC-I,并确定其具有抑制血小板衍生生长因子诱导的平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制作用,为进一步研究其结构与功能提供物质基础.     

大豆过氧化物酶在毕赤酵母中功能表达

【目的】大豆过氧化物酶(SBP)作用底物广泛、比活高、热稳定性好,使其在免疫检测、工业污染废水处理领域有着广泛的应用潜力。现有的生产方法主要是从大豆壳中提取,这种方法产量低,成本高,远不能满足于工业应用要求,本研究希望实现在毕赤酵母中高效表达有功能活性的大豆过氧化物酶。【方法】将大豆过氧化物酶基因以及C末端截短20个氨基酸的基因克隆pPIC-9K载体中,并在毕赤酵母X-33中诱导表达。同时还将糖基化位点的天冬酰胺突变成为谷氨酰胺,研究糖基化位点对表达的影响。【结果】全长SBP在毕赤酵母中表达是无活性的,只有截短的SBP△20在试管发酵的表达活力达23.5 U/mL,经过糖基化位点的突变表明130、144、185、197对酶活非常重要,不能突变;211和216位点去糖基化突变对酶活有所提高。【结论】经过发酵条件的优化,在5 L的发酵罐中发酵液上清最高酶活力达510 U/mL,是目前报道的最高水平。     

同时利用AOX1和GAP启动子表达SAM合成酶促进重组毕赤酵母中S-腺苷甲硫氨酸积累

利用重组毕赤酵母(Richia pastoris)强化表达S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-adenvylmethionine,SAM)合成酶(SAM synthetase,SAMS),发酵生产SAM时,胞内SAMS活性和ATP水平是影响SAM合成的重要因素.为了同时保持较高的SAMS活性和ATP供应,我们构建了一株既含有AOX1诱导型表达单元,又含有GAP组成型表达单元的双SAMS表达单元P.pastoris重组菌株Gd.它既能受甲醇调控表达SAMS,又能以甘油为碳源表达SAMS.在培养过程中,先是以甲醇诱导SAMS表达,得到较高的酶活,然后在发酵中后期再将碳源换为甘油.这样不但可以维持较高的酶活,而且可以提高胞内ATP含量.实验结果显示,对于同时利用AOX1和GAP启动子表达SAMS的重组菌,可采取甲醇和甘油两阶段补料,该重组菌的SAMS比产率高于组成型重组茵Xg,Gd进入甘油补料期后胞内ATP含量高于诱导型重组菌Ga.双表达单元菌株Gd的SAM产量达到1.41 g/L,比诱导型表达SAMS的重组菌株提高了76.3%,比组成型表达SAMS的重组菌株提高了60.2%,.     

毕赤酵母高密度发酵表达血管紧张素转化酶C-结构域

血管紧张素转化酶（ACE, EC3.4.15.1）在调节血压方面具有重要作用。研究证实,ACE的C结构域（ACE-C）是使血管紧张素I (AngI)分解的主要活性位点。在5 L 发酵罐中, 对重组毕赤酵母表达ACE C-结构域的发酵工艺进行优化,探讨温度、pH、甲醇浓度等主要因素对重组蛋白表达量和酶活力的影响。结果表明,当工业培养基添加2%蛋白胨为氮源时, ACE C-结构域的降解现象得到了有效控制;采用诱导温度为26℃,pH5.5,甲醇含量为1.5%的表达条件,ACE C-结构域表达量和酶活力分别达到446 mg/L和38.2U/ml,比活力达到86U/mg,是Sigma公司ACE标准品比活力的2倍,为大规模制备ACE C-结构域蛋白,筛选专一性更强的ACE C-结构域抑制剂奠定了基础。     

巴斯德毕赤酵母表达系统及其高水平表达策略

毕赤酵母表达系统是目前最为成功的外源蛋白表达系统之一,与现有的其它表达系统相比,巴斯德毕赤酵母在表达产物的加工、外分泌、翻译后修饰以及糖基化修饰等方面有明显的优势,现已广泛用于外源蛋白的表达。该文综述了其自身的优点,表达载体和宿主菌的特点,以及高水平表达外源基因的策略。     

草鱼生长激素基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

将草鱼生长激素基因（cGH）的cDNA亚克隆到酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,经电击转化导入毕赤巴斯德酵母GS115菌株,获得转化子。菌落PCR技术筛选证实cGH已经整合到了酵母染色体上。对重组酵母进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE和Western印迹分析,结果表明cGH的毕赤巴斯德酵母GS115菌株中获得了高效表达。     

Human proinsulin C-peptide from a precursor overexpressed in Pichia pastoris

In this article we report the production of human proinsulin C-peptide with 31 amino acid residues from a precursor overexpressed in Pichia pastoris. A C-peptide precursor expression plasmid containing nine C-peptide genes in tandem was constructed and used to transform P. pastoris. Transformants with a high copy number of the C-peptide precursor gene integrated into the chromosome of P. pastoris were selected. In high-density fermentation in a 300 liter fermentor using a simple culture medium composed mainly of salt and methanol, the C-peptide precursor was overexpressed to a level of 2.28 g per liter. A simple procedure was established to purify the expression product from the culture medium. The purified C-peptide precursor was converted into C-peptide by trypsin and carboxypeptidase B joint digestion. The yield of C-peptide with a purity of 96% was 730 mg per liter of culture. The purified C-peptide was characterized by mass spectrometry, N- and C-terminal amino acid sequencing, and sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Key words proinsulin; C-peptide; Pichia pastoris     

毕赤酵母高密度发酵研究进展

巴斯德毕赤酵母表达系统是近年发展起来的一种优秀的真核表达系统.本从培养基、温度、pH值、溶氧、甲醇的流加等角度对国内外毕赤酵母高密度发酵的研究进展做了较详细的综述,并提出了目前毕赤酵母高密度发酵过程中存在的问题.     

Bm-TFF2在毕赤酵母中的表达及鉴定

Bm-TFF2,一种从大蹼铃蟾皮肤分泌物中分离得到的两栖类三叶因子,具有比人三叶因子更强的生物学活性。该研究以Bm-TFF2的cDNA为模板,利用PCR方法扩增Bm-TFF2基因,然后插到含有AOX1启动子和α-因子信号肽序列的表达载体pPIC9K中,采用毕赤酵母表达系统进行分泌表达,并用G418筛选高拷贝整合转化子。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting都检测到Bm-TFF2被分泌性表达于酵母上清。在1%的甲醇诱导表达不同时间后,重组蛋白在72h的表达量最大,可达50mg/L;而不同浓度的饱和硫酸铵沉淀菌液上清时,80%的饱和硫酸铵沉淀量最大。这些结果表明,重组质粒Bm-TFF2-pPIC9K成功构建并在真核细胞中高效表达,这为进一步研究Bm-TFF2的生物学活性及其结构与功能关系奠定了基础。     

植酸酶基因的多点突变及在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

根据毕赤酵母基因的密码子选择偏爱性,不改变其编码氨基酸序列,对来源于黑曲霉N25植酸酶phyA基因,进行了突变,构建了含有正确突变的酵母表达载体pPIC9k-phyAm-4,电击转化毕赤酵母,获得优化了密码子的重组酵母转化子。经PCR鉴定表明,植酸酶基因已整合到酵母基因组中; 表达产物的SDS-PAGE分析表明,酶蛋白分子大小为70.15KD。Southern blotting结果表明,phyA基因整合到酵母染色体DNA中;转化子酶活测定结果表明,经密码子优化的重组酵母PP-NPm-4-2酶活可达136900U/ml,比Arg没有优化的PP-NPm-8 (47600 Uoml-1)酶活高约2.8倍。     

杂合抗菌肽CecA-Mag的人工合成及其在Pichia pastoris中的分泌表达

根据抗菌肽天蚕素A(cecropinA,CA)N端第1~7个氨基酸残基,马盖宁(magainin,M)N端第2~12个氨基酸残基,以毕赤酵母偏爱的密码子设计合成了杂合肽CA(1~7)-M(2~12)基因,同载体pPICZα-A连接后转化Pichia pastoris受体菌SMD1168,在醇氧化酶(AOX)启动子调控下,分子量约1.9kDa的CecA-Mag杂合抗菌肽获得表达,抗菌特性研究表明,该表达产物具有广谱抗菌活性,对多数G-菌及G 菌均有较好的抑菌活性。初步抑菌活性测定,显示该杂合肽对金黄色葡萄球菌、耐氨苄青霉素的大肠杆菌及枯草芽孢杆菌有良好的抑杀活性。酸稳定实验显示pH为3.2时仍具有相当高的活性。热稳定性实验显示该杂合肽100℃加热5min后仍具有抑菌活性。这些特点使得重组抗菌肽CecA-mag在疾病防治和动物饲料添加剂等方面显露出很好的应用前景。     

链霉菌Streptomyces olivaceoviridis A1 木聚糖酶基因xynA在大肠杆菌及毕赤酵母中的高效表达

从橄榄绿链霉菌StreptomycesolivaceoviridisA1中克隆出木聚糖酶基因xynA ,将带与不带原基因信号肽编码序列的xynA分别以正确的阅读框架克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET 2 2b( )上的pellB信号肽编码序列之后 ,得到 2种构建的重组载体 ,在重组大肠杆菌中木聚糖酶得到了表达 ,表达产物具有生物活性。进一步将不带原基因信号肽编码序列的xynA插入到毕赤酵母转移载体pPIC9中 ,转化毕赤酵母得到重组子 ,在重组子中木聚糖酶基因得到了高效分泌表达 ,在摇床培养水平上的表达量达到 2 0 0mg L ,且表达产物具有生物学活性。     

TPO模拟肽与人IgG1Fc融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达及活性鉴定

构建TPO模拟肽与人IgG1Fc融合蛋白的酵母表达体系。利用PCR技术,从重组质粒pET28a-TMPFc中,扩增TPO模拟肽与人IgG1Fc 的DNA片段,连入pPICZαA酵母表达载体,电激法转化毕赤酵母。用MDH和MMH筛选具有正确表型的重组转化子,PCR、蛋白质印迹鉴定融合基因。MTT法鉴定TMPFc对Ba/F3mpl细胞生长的促进作用。构建的重组毕赤酵母实现了TMPFc的分泌表达,表达量占外分泌蛋白质的65%。表达蛋白质的相对分子量约64kD,对Ba/F3mpl生长具有促进作用。TMPFc酵母表达体系表达出可观的二价模拟肽,为二价TMP活性的定量研究奠定基础。