Petrorhagia grandiflora sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) from Greece

Petrorhagia grandiflora Iatroú sp. nov. is described from limestone rocks on the eastern side of Mt. Parnon, in the province of Arkadhia, Peloponesos, Greece. This species, belonging to sect. Petrorhagia subsect. Thessalae Ball & Heywood, is related to the P. thessala (Boiss.) Ball & Heywood and P. dianthoides (Smith) Ball & Heywood with which it is compared. Chromosome numbers (2n = 30) and karyotypes are presented; seeds are examined by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM); and their distribution in Greece are presented.     

Minuartia aksoyi sp. nov. and M. buschiana subsp. artvinica subsp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey

Two new taxa of Minuartia L. (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey, Minuartia aksoyi M. Koç & Hamzao?lu sp. nov. and Minuartia buschiana Schischk. subsp. artvinica M. Koç & Hamzao?lu subsp. nov. are described and illustrated. Their taxonomic positions are discussed and they are compared with allied taxa. The distributions of the new and closely related taxa are given. Seed structures were examined by SEM.     

Silene demirizii sp. nov. and S.marschallii subsp. anamasi subsp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey

Two new taxa of Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey, Silene demirizii K. Y?ld?z & Ç?rp?c? sp. nov. and Silene marschallii C. A. Meyer subsp. anamasi K. Y?ld?z & Dadand? subsp. nov. are described and illustrated. Their taxonomic positions are discussed and they are compared with allied taxa. The distributions of the new and closely related species are mapped. Pollen grain and seed coat ultrastructure of the new and allied taxa were examined by SEM.     

Sagina rupestris sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) from New Guinea

A new species, Sagina rupestris , endemic to Mt. Suckling, Papua New Guinea is described and illustrated.     

Pseudostellaria tianmushanensis sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) from Zhejiang,China

Pseudostellaria tianmushanensis G. H. Xia & G. Y. Li, collected from the Tianmu Mountains Nature Reserve in northwestern Zhejiang, China, is described and illustrated. This new species is similar to P. rupestris Pax., but differs by having a string of fusiform or ovoid‐globose tubers, leaves that are narrow elliptic‐lanceolate, glabrous, with cuneate base with scattered multi‐nodulate hairs, papillate margins and basipetalous variation in floral morphology. Moreover, the seed tubercle ornamentation also supports the recognition of the new species. A key to the species of Pseudostellaria in Zhejiang province is provided.     

Salvia siirtica sp. nov. (Lamiaceae) from Turkey

Salvia siirtica Kahraman, Celep & Do?an sp. nov.(Lamiaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from the northern part of Siirt province in southeast Anatolia, Turkey, where it was found growing in open forests of Quercus. It is morphologically similar to S. indica L., but differs by having densely glandular pilose to villous stems and petioles, close verticillasters, smaller flowers, clearly concave calyx apices, entirely white corollas and smaller nutlets. Salvia siirtica and S. indica are also distinguished by their nutlet and pollen micromorphologies, illustrated by SEM images. The nutlet surface of S. siirtica is very finely wrinkled and its pollen has 3–4 primary lumina per 25 μm², compared to 5–8 in S. indica. Conservation status assessment, distribution map, and notes on biogeography and ecology of the new species are provided.     

Stellaria devendrae sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) from western Himalaya,India

Stellaria devendrae sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) is here described and illustrated from the Uttarakhand state of the Indian western Himalaya. It differs from the allied S. monosperma Buch.‐Ham. ex D. Don and S. paniculata Edgew. in having sub‐sessile, oblanceolate or obovate leaves with non amplexicaul, rounded to sub‐auricled leaf base; an inflorescence of a terminal, regularly and simply branched panicle of cymes; larger flowers (5–8 mm across); 5‐lobed floral disc; relatively larger sepals (4–7 mm long); petal lamina lobed for more than 1/2 to 4/5 of the lamina; filaments opposite sepals with prominent nectar glands at base; adjoining filaments not fused at base, and an inconspicuously reticulate‐papillate seed surface.     

Polygonum istanbulicum Keskin sp. nov. (Polygonaceae) from Turkey

A new Polygonum L. species, P. istanbulicum Keskin, is described from the İstanbul province of Turkey and is compared with other allied species. In addition, an updated list of all Polygonum (s. l.) species recorded from Turkey is provided.     

Rhabdosciadium urusakii sp. nov. (Apiaceae) from east Anatolia (Turkey)

Rhabdosciadium urusakii E. Akal?n sp. nov. (Apiaceae) is described and illustrated. It occurs very locally on scree slopes in Kemaliye (Erzincan), east Anatolia. This slender species is closely related to R. aucheri (Iran) and R. oligocarpum (south Anatolia). It is a very rare and critically endangered species. A key to all Rhabdosciadium species is given in this paper. The new species is characterized by dichotomous branched, long petiolate, pinnate and linear leaves, ovate‐lanceolate bracts, a brownish band and hairs on the dorsal side of the petals.     

Rhaponticoidesaytachii sp. nov. (Asteraceae) from south Anatolia,Turkey

A new species of Rhaponticoides Vaill., Rhaponticoidesaytachii Y. Ba?c?, Do?u & Dinç sp. nov. collected by the authors from south Anatolia, is described and illustrated. The new species is restricted to deprived Quercus forest openness around Dumlugöze‐Sar?veliler (C4 Karaman). Diagnostic morphological characters from R. amplifolia (Boiss. & Heldr.) M.V. Agab. & Greuter are discussed. The ecology, biogeography and conservation status of the new species is also presented.     

Stachyspseudobombycina sp. nov. (Lamiaceae) from south Anatolia,Turkey

Stachys pseudobombycina Kaynak, Da?k?n & Y?lmaz sp. nov. (Lamiaceae) from south Anatolia, Turkey is described and illustrated. It belongs to section Olisia and appears to be close to S. bombycina. Its diagnostic characters, ecology and geographical distribution are described and compared with closely related species.     

Chaenorhinum semispeluncarum sp. nov. and C. yildirimlii sp. nov. (Scrophulariaceae) from east Anatolia,Turkey

Chaenorhinum semispeluncarum H. Y?ld?r?m, Kit Tan, S. ?enol & A. Pirhan sp. nov. and C. yildirimlii Kit Tan, H. Y?ld?r?m, S. ?enol & A. Pirhan sp. nov. (Scrophulariaceae, C. sect. Microrrhinum) from east Anatolia are described and illustrated. They are both narrow endemics related to the rare C. cryptarum, also from east Anatolia. Chaenorhinum semispeluncarum occurs on calcareous marl rich in potassium nitrate at the entrance of wet caves in Malatya and differs from C. cryptarum by its erect habit, smaller corollas, shallowly ribbed and tuberculate, bicoloured seeds. Chaenorhinum yildirimlii from the neighbouring province of Erzincan was found on alluvial soil of stream banks and differs from C. semispeluncarum by its seed characters which are similar to those of C. cryptarum. Chaenorhinum yildirimlii differs from C. cryptarum, most conspicuously by the violet lower corolla lip spotted dark purple at the apex.