轮状病毒VP7基因的克隆与表达

应用聚合酶链式反应技术(PCR)扩增轮状病毒VP7基因,并将其克隆到pMD18-T simple载体上,对重组子进行PCR检测和限制性内切酶分析,并测定DNA全序列。结果显示,克隆片段全长为981 bp。将轮状病毒VP7基因定向的克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a启动子下游,构建原核表达载体pET-32aVP7。将质粒pET-32aVP7转化Transetta表达菌株进行诱导表达,裂解菌体细胞抽提蛋白质进行SDS-PAGE。结果表明,轮状病毒壳蛋白VP7基因在Transetta表达菌株内得到成功表达。     

异子蓬PEPC基因原核表达及其重组菌在非生物胁迫下的耐受力解析

该研究在Escherichia coli Transetta（DE3）中表达了C₄盐生植物异子蓬的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶基因（PEPC）,并进行了酶学特性及非生物胁迫响应分析,以期初步阐明PEPC基因在非生物胁迫下的生物学功能,为异子蓬PEPC的非生物胁迫的抗性生理研究提供参考依据。基于5′-RACE技术获得异子蓬PEPC全长基因（GenBank登录号为KP985714）,构建了E.coli Transetta::pGEX-4T-1-PEPC重组菌株。通过分光光度法和酶联免疫吸附技术（ELISA）分别测定了PEPC重组蛋白的酶活和含量,并检测E.coli Transetta::pGEX-4T-1-PEPC重组菌株在非生物胁迫下的耐受性。生物信息学分析发现,该PEPC基因的cDNA全长为2 901 bp,编码966个氨基酸,与甜菜（Beta vulgaris）PEPC的氨基酸序列一致性达90%,具有PEPC的典型保守结构域（PEPcase）以及VlTAHPTQsiRR和VMIGYSDSgKDAG活性位点;PEPC蛋白属PEPC-1型的不含信号肽的非分泌型亲水蛋白。Western blot结果显示,融合GST的PEPC蛋白的分子量约130~140 kD;在37 ℃用0.8 mmol/L IPTG诱导E.coli Transetta::pGEX-4T-1-PEPC重组菌株显示出更高的PEPC酶活及含量,而且E.coli Transetta::pGEX-4T-1-PEPC重组菌在200~800 mmol/L NaCl、5%~20% 聚乙二醇（PEG） 6 000、25 ℃~52 ℃温度范围、50~400 μmol/L甲基紫精和pH 3.0~11.0的非生物胁迫下生长均明显优于对照。研究表明,异子蓬PEPC基因的表达提高了E.coli耐受非生物胁迫的能力。     

盐穗木HcUKPP原核表达及重组菌非生物胁迫耐受性研究

该研究采用RT-PCR技术,从盐穗木cDNA文库中克隆获得未知功能多肽HcUKPP基因,构建了大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21∷pET30a-HcUKPP重组菌株,并检测了重组菌株在不同非生物胁迫下的耐受性。结果显示:HcUKPP基因开放阅读框为243bp,融合His的HcUKPP蛋白的分子量约为15kD。在37℃条件下,不同浓度的异丙基-β-D硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导4h后His-HcUKPP融合蛋白均可表达,且E.coli BL21∷pET30aHcUKPP重组菌在不同浓度NaCl(100~900mmol/L)、聚乙二醇(2.5%~20%,PEG 6000)和甲基紫精(25~200μmol/L)胁迫处理下,其生长均具有明显优势。尤其是在500mmol/L NaCl、10%PEG 6000和75μmol/L甲基紫精胁迫12h后,重组大肠杆菌BL21呈现出极显著的优势,分别达到了对照菌的1.81、1.47和3.48倍。研究表明,盐穗木HcUKPP可以显著提高重组大肠杆菌对不同非生物胁迫的耐受性,证明HcUKPP是一类新发现的能够响应非生物胁迫的多肽。     

重组人丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制因子Hespintor Kazal结构域的原核表达、纯化及活性鉴定

Hespintor是应用抑制消减杂交技术 (SSH) 从肝母细胞瘤细胞系HepG2中筛选得到的一未知功能蛋白,序列分析表明该蛋白属于Kazal型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制因子 (Serine proteinase inhibitor, Serpin) 家族中的一个分泌型新成员,具有与食管癌相关基因2 (Esophageal cancer related gene 2, ECRG2) 高度同源的Serpin基本结构。为了进一步阐明Hespintor的生物学功能,必须得到纯化的Hespintor蛋白。先将Hespintor Kazal结构域编码序列亚克隆至原核表达载体pET-40b(+),转化至Rosetta (DE3) 表达宿主菌中。经 0.25 mmol/L IPTG,30 ℃诱导5 h获得了分子量约为42 kDa的Hespintor-Kazal重组融合蛋白的优化表达,Western blotting证实了重组蛋白的特异性。Hespintor-Kazal重组融合蛋白以包涵体形式在宿主菌中表达,利用金属螯合亲和层析和阴离子交换层析柱对重组蛋白进行两步纯化。初步的活性鉴定表明,纯化的Hespintor-Kazal重组融合蛋白能特异性抑制胰蛋白酶的水解活性,提示Hespintor具有作为一种新型抗肿瘤药物的潜在开发价值。     

大豆蚜Kazal型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因AgKaSPI对蜡蚧刺束梗孢菌侵染的表达响应

[目的]探究Kazal型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂KaSPI在大豆蚜Aphis glycines的生长发育、消化和免疫防御等过程中的作用.[方法]基于大豆蚜转录组数据PCR克隆大豆蚜Kazal型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因cDNA序列;qRT-PCR分别检测AgKaSPI在大豆蚜1-4龄若虫和成虫以及蜡蚧刺束梗孢菌Akanthomy...     

番茄转录因子基因SlWRKY6的克隆与原核表达分析

该研究基于番茄基因组数据库SGN(Sol Genomic Network)信息,利用RT PCR从栽培番茄‘M82’(Solanum lycopersicum)中成功克隆到番茄SlWRKY6基因(登录号：Solyc02g080890),通过qRT PCR方法和原核表达初步验证其生物学功能。结果表明：(1)生物信息学分析显示,番茄SlWRKY6基因ORF全长1 653 bp,编码550个氨基酸,其蛋白结构含有1个WRKYGQK保守结构域和C₂H₂锌指结构域,属于IIb类;其基因启动子上游1 500 bp含有多个激素响应元件和非生物胁迫响应元件。(2)进化树分析显示,SlWRKY6与潘那利番茄SpWRKY31 X1(NP_001352691.1)的相似性最高,且定位于细胞核内。(3)qRT PCR结果显示,SlWRKY6基因在番茄根、茎、叶中均有表达,在叶中的表达量最高,且受盐和干旱诱导表达。(4)SDS PAGE及Western blot结果显示,pET 30a SlWRKY6重组蛋白的大小约66 kDa,与预期大小一致。(5)原核表达分析显示,重组菌E. coli BL21∷pET 30a SlWRKY6在不同浓度盐(NaCl)和干旱(Mannitol)胁迫下生长速度显著低于对照菌E. coli BL21∷pET 30a,且在400 mmol/L NaCl、800 mmol/L甘露醇胁迫条件下最为显著;滴板实验初步验证SlWRKY6转录因子能提高重组菌E. coli BL21∷pET 30a SlWRKY6在ABA和pH 9(NaOH)胁迫的耐受性;在400 mmol/L NaCl、pH 5(HCl)、800 mmol/L甘露醇胁迫条件下耐受能力降低。研究表明,SlWRKY6转录因子可能通过参与ABA途径来响应非生物胁迫。     

光滑鳖甲丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因ApSerpin-FA72的克隆、表达及功能验证

【目的】本研究旨在对光滑鳖甲Anatolica polita borealis丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因进行克隆及表达分析,以验证光滑鳖甲丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的功能。【方法】利用PCR和cDNA末端快速扩增(rapid amplification of cDNA ends,RACE)技术克隆获得光滑鳖甲丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因。采用生物信息学方法对该基因及其编码蛋白的基本性质进行预测和分析,同时构建其编码产物的系统进化树;构建光滑鳖甲丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂蛋白重组表达载体,表达、纯化蛋白进行功能验证。【结果】获得光滑鳖甲丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因Ap Serpin-FA72(Gen Bank登录号:MF188125),其基因编码序列长为1 176 bp,编码由391个氨基酸残基组成的多肽,蛋白理论分子量为43.7 k D,理论等电点为5.14,包含一个由21个氨基酸组成的信号肽。As Serpin-FA72属亲水蛋白,分泌到胞外发挥作用,可能具有胁迫应答的功能,与赤拟谷盗Triboloum castaneum Serpin的同源性最高。纯化得到的融合蛋白Trx A-Ap Serpin-FA72大小约为63.7 k D。功能验证表明,重组蛋白Trx A-Ap SerpinFA72对胰蛋白酶及胰凝乳蛋白酶活性均有抑制作用。【结论】光滑鳖甲丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因的表达产物对胰蛋白酶及胰凝乳蛋白酶活性具有抑制作用,表明其可能对消化类丝氨酸蛋白酶活性起抑制作用,对其功能活性的验证有助于深入研究Ap Serpin-FA72与丝氨酸蛋白酶之间的关系。     

新疆野苹果MsCBF1基因的克隆及表达分析

新疆野苹果是现代栽培苹果的祖先,对非生物胁迫具有很强的适应性,是非常珍贵的天然基因资源库。本研究以新疆野苹果RNA为模板,RT-PCR扩增出CBF1基因c DNA序列,命名为Ms CBF1。Ms CBF1基因完整开放阅读框ORF长660 bp,编码219位氨基酸,具有CBFs类转录因子典型的AP2保守结构域。亚细胞定位显示Ms CBF1蛋白作用于细胞核;转录激活活性分析显示Ms CBF1蛋白具有转录激活活性,其激活活性区域位于C端第166~219位氨基酸之间。基因表达分析显示,Ms CBF1基因响应盐(200 mmol·L~(-1 )Na Cl)和冷(4°C)胁迫诱导,不响应干旱(300 mmol·L~(-1)甘露醇)胁迫诱导。     

砀山酥梨多酚氧化酶基因(PbPPO)的原核表达及优化研究

从砀山酥梨Pyrus bretschneideri ‘Dangshan Su’果实中克隆得到一条多酚氧化酶基因(PbPPO)的全长cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:JF809859)。通过生物信息学分析表明,PbPPO基因CDS区全长1782 bp,编码593个氨基酸,氨基酸序列由N端叶绿体转运肽、Cu结合区与C端疏水区三部分组成。为进一步研究Pb PPO基因的功能,成功构建其原核表达载体pET-28a-PbPPO,并在大肠杆菌Rosetta菌株中成功诱导表达,经优化后显示,在28℃、1.0 mmol·L~(-1) IPTG诱导5 h的条件下,融合蛋白表达量最高。     

Kazal型蛋白酶抑制剂结构与功能研究进展

蛋白酶抑制剂广泛存在于生物体内,在许多生命活动过程中发挥必不可少的作用,特别是对蛋白酶活性进行精确调控。其中Kazal型蛋白酶抑制剂是最重要的、研究最为广泛的酶抑制剂之一,该类抑制剂一般由一个或几个结构域组成,每一个结构域具有保守的序列和分子构象,同时发现该类抑制剂与蛋白酶作用的结合部位高度易变,它们大多数暴露于与溶剂接触的环上,其中P1部位是抑制作用的关键部位,抑制剂的专一性由P1部位氨基酸残基的性质决定,其它残基取代结合部位残基对抑制剂-酶的结合常数有显著的影响。Laskowski算法可直接从Kazal型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的序列推测其与6种丝氨酸蛋白酶之间的抑制常数(Ki)。目前在生物体内发现大量的Kazal型蛋白酶抑制剂,并证实其有重要的生物学功能。     

Effects of MULTIFOLIATE-PINNA, AFILA, TENDRIL-LESS and UNIFOLIATA genes on leafblade architecture in Pisum sativum

In order to dissect the genetic regulation of leafblade morphogenesis, 16 genotypes of pea, constructed by combining the wild-type and mutant alleles of MFP, AF, TL and UNI genes, were quantitatively phenotyped. The morphological features of the three domains of leafblades of four genotypes, unknown earlier, were described. All the genotypes were found to differ in leafblade morphology. It was evident that MFP and TL functions acted as repressor of pinna ramification, in the distal domain. These functions, with and without interaction with UNI, also repressed the ramification of proximal pinnae in the absence of AF function. The expression of MFP and TL required UNI function. AF function was found to control leafblade architecture multifariously. The earlier identified role of AF as a repressor of UNI in the proximal domain was confirmed. Negative control of AF on the UNI-dependent pinna ramification in the distal domain was revealed. It was found that AF establishes a boundary between proximal and distal domains and activates formation of leaflet pinnae in the proximal domain.     

Presence of Rhizobium Etli bv . Phaseoli and Rhizobium Gallicum bv . Gallicum in Egyptian Soils

Seven bean rhizobial strains EBRI 2, 3, 21, 24, 26, 27 and 29 identified as Rhizobium etli, and EBRI 32 identified as Rhizobium gallicum, isolated from Egyptian soils and which nodulated Phaseolus vulgaris efficiently, were subjected to hybridization with a nifH probe in order to estimate the copy number of this gene. Seven strains (EBRI 2, 3, 21, 24, 26, 27 and 29) which were only able to nodulate Phaseolus vulgaris, contained three copies of the nifH gene, consistent with their identification as Rhizobium etli bv. phaseoli. Only one strain (EBRI 32) which nodulated both Phaseolus vulgaris and Leucaena leucocephala, had one copy of nifH gene. This confirmed the classification of this strain as Rhizobium gallicum bv. gallicum.     

Characterisation of cell wall polysaccharides, arabinogalactans-proteins (AGPs) and phenolics of Cola nitida, Cola acuminata and Garcinia kola seeds

Many Cola plant species are endemic to West and Central Africa. Cola acuminata and Cola nitida are used as masticatory when fresh, while the dried nuts are used for beverages and pharmaceutical purposes in Europe and North America. Garcinia kola seeds, that serve as a substitute for the true kola nuts, are used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, including colic, headache and liver cirrhosis. Seeds extracts of G. kola are also known for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral properties. To gain information on the chemical properties of the kolas, we have isolated and analyzed cell wall polysaccharides, arabinogalactan-proteins and phenolic substances from the seeds of the three kola species. The sugar composition of cell wall material of C. acuminata, C. nitida and G. kola revealed that Gal (up to 30%), Ara, GalA and Glc as the predominant monosaccharides, representing approximately 90% by mol of the total hydrolysable sugar present in this material. In Ammonium oxalate cell wall fraction, GalA was found to be the major sugar present in all kola species. In the alkali-soluble fraction, there were significant differences in the level of Glc and Gal. The level of Glc was high in C. acuminata and C. nitida while the level of Gal and Xyl were high in C. nitida and G. cola. Isolation and quantification of arabinogalactan-proteins demonstrate that G. kola seeds contained four to eight times more of these proteoglycans than the seeds of the other two species. Finally, analysis of soluble phenolic substances shows that caffeine and catechin were largely represented in C. acumina and C. nitida seeds, with caffeine accounting for 50% of all soluble phenolics. These findings indicate that the three Kola seeds are highly enriched in pectins and proteoglycans and that C. acuminata and C. nitida can be used as a possible source of caffeine and catechin.     

Comparative study of Bifidobacteriumanimalis, Escherichiacoli, Lactobacilluscasei and Saccharomycesboulardii probiotic properties

The present work investigates some probiotic properties of four different microorganisms (Bifidobacterium animalis var. lactis BB-12, Escherichia coli EMO, Lactobacillus casei and Saccharomyces boulardii). In vitro and in vivo tests were carried out to compare cell wall hydrophobicity, production of antagonistic substances, survival capacity in the gastrointestinal tract of germ-free mice without pathological consequence, and immune modulation by stimulation of Küpffer cells, intestinal sIgA and IL-10 levels. In vitro antagonism against pathogenic bacteria and yeast was only observed for the probiotic bacteria B. animalis and L. casei. The hydrophobic property of the cell wall was higher for B. animalis and E. coli EMO, and this property could be responsible for a better ability to colonize the gastrointestinal tract of germ-free mice. Higher levels of sIgA were observed mainly for S. boulardii, followed by E. coli EMO and B. animalis, and only S. boulardii induced a significant higher level of IL-10. In conclusion, for a probiotic use, S. boulardii presented better characteristics in terms of immunomodulation, and B. animalis and L. casei for antagonistic substance production. The knowledge of the different probiotic properties could be used to choice the better microorganism depending on the therapeutic or prophylactic application.     

Prosthecium species with Stegonsporium anamorphs on Acer

Data from microscopic morphology, single-spore cultures, and DNA analyses of teleomorphs and anamorphs support the recognition of five species of Prosthecium with Stegonsporium anamorphs on Acer: P. acerinum sp. nov., the teleomorph of S. acerinum; P. acerophilum comb. nov., formerly known as Dictyoporthe acerophila; P. galeatum comb. nov., originally described as Massaria galeata; P. opalus sp. nov.; and P. pyriforme sp. nov., the teleomorph of S. pyriforme s. str. The morphology of both type specimens and freshly collected material was investigated. The teleomorphs have brown ellipsoidal ascospores with five distosepta and often a longitudinal distoseptum. The anamorphs of all species described here belong to Stegonsporium; their connection to the Prosthecium teleomorphs was demonstrated by morphology and DNA sequences of single spore cultures derived from both ascospores and conidia. The anamorphs and teleomorphs of all five Prosthecium species are described and illustrated by LM images, and a key to these species is provided. As perceived from this work, S. pyriforme is restricted to Europe and does not occur in North America, whereas S. acerinum is restricted to North America, not found in Europe. The host associations given in the literature are revised and evidence is provided that only A. opalus, A. pseudoplatanus, and A. saccharum are confirmed hosts of Prosthecium with Stegonsporium anamorphs. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of tef1, ITS rDNA, and partial nuLSU rDNA sequences confirm that the species with Stegonsporium anamorphs are closely related to P. ellipsosporum, the generic type species. Stilbospora macrosperma is confirmed as the anamorph of P. ellipsosporum by DNA data of single spore isolates obtained from both ascospores and conidia.     

铜绿假单胞菌对青霉素类抗生素异质性耐药研究

【背景】铜绿假单胞菌是临床上常见的条件致病菌,其异质性耐药的发生常导致临床治疗失败。【目的】研究铜绿假单胞菌对青霉素类抗生素的异质性耐药情况,为相关临床感染治疗提供一定的依据。【方法】收集临床分离的50株铜绿假单胞菌,采用纸片扩散法(diskdiffusion method)即Kirby-Bauer (K-B)法、菌落谱型分析(population analysis profile,PAP)法、生长实验以及传代稳定性实验探究铜绿假单胞菌的异质性耐药特征。【结果】K-B法初筛得到铜绿假单胞菌对哌拉西林(piperacillin,PIP)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(piperacillin/tazobactam,TZP)和替卡西林/克拉维酸(ticarcillin/clavulanic acid,TIM)的异质性耐药率分别为52%、52%和54%。PAP实验确认后有13株异质性耐药菌,其检出率占总实验菌株的26%。随机选取8株异质性耐药菌株,其耐药亚群的发生频率为7.3×10-7-1.2×10-5。通过无抗生素压力的生长实验发现,异质性耐药菌株PAS92、PAS57与其各自的3株最高PIP浓度平...     

厚藤脱水素基因IpDHN启动子IpDHN-Pro的克隆和调控转录活性分析

为了解厚藤(Ipomoea pes-caprae)脱水素基因IpDHN (GenBank登录号:KX426069)启动子的转录活性和对非生物胁迫和植物激素ABA的响应,通过染色体步移法克隆了IpDHN的上游启动子序列IpDHN-Pro,长度为974 bp。构建IpDHN-Pro调控下GUS转基因载体,转化拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)植株获得IpDHN-Pro::GUS转基因植株并进行GUS染色,验证IpDHN-Pro启动转录活性以及在氯化钠、甘露醇、ABA处理后拟南芥GUS基因表达变化。结果表明,扩增获得的IpDHN-Pro序列包含多个顺式作用元件,包括1个ABRE、3个Myb转录因子结合位点、富含TC的重复序列以及Skn-1基序等。转基因拟南芥GUS染色及qRT-PCR表明该序列可驱动GUS基因在拟南芥稳定表达,且表达受高盐、渗透压及ABA的诱导。这表明IpDHN-Pro是一个盐旱、ABA诱导的启动子序列,可应用于相关的植物抗逆遗传工程研究。     

Nomenclatural changes resulting from the transfer of tropical African Sarcostemma to Cynanchum ( Apocynaceae : Asclepiadoideae )

Summary  Four species of tropical African Sarcostemma are transferred to Cynanchum together with two subspecies of S. viminale. In addition, Sarcostemma mulanjense is reduced to subspecific rank under C. viminale.