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1.
Miedaner T Wilde F Steiner B Buerstmayr H Korzun V Ebmeyer E 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(3):562-569
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease in wheat that reduces grain yield, grain quality and contaminates the harvest
with deoxynivalenol (DON). As potent resistance sources Sumai 3 and its descendants from China and Frontana from Brazil had
been analysed by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. We introgressed and stacked two donor QTL from CM82036 (Sumai 3/Thornbird)
located on chromosomes 3B and 5A and one donor QTL from Frontana on chromosome 3A in elite European spring wheat and estimated
the effects of the three individual donor QTL and their four combinations on DON, Fusarium exoantigen content, and FHB rating adjusted to heading date. One class with the susceptible QTL alleles served as control.
Each of the eight QTL classes was represented by 12–15 F3-derived lines tested in F5 generation as bulked progeny possessing the respective marker alleles homozygously. Traits were evaluated in a field experiment
across four locations with spray inoculation of Fusarium culmorum. All three individual donor-QTL alleles significantly reduced DON content and FHB severity compared to the marker class with
no donor QTL. The only exception was the donor-QTL allele 3A that had a low, but non-significant effect on FHB severity. The
highest effect had the stacked donor-QTL alleles 3B and 5A for both traits. They jointly reduced DON content by 78% and FHB
rating by 55% compared to the susceptible QTL class. Analysis of Fusarium exoantigen content illustrates that lower disease severity is associated with less mycelium content in the grain. In conclusion,
QTL from non-adapted sources could be verified in a genetic background of German elite spring wheat. Within the QTL classes
significant (P<0.05) genotypic differences were found among the individual genotypes. An additional phenotypic selection would, therefore,
be advantageous after performing a marker-based selection. 相似文献
2.
Wilde F Schön CC Korzun V Ebmeyer E Schmolke M Hartl L Miedaner T 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2008,117(1):29-35
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important wheat diseases that causes yield and quality losses as well as contamination with deoxynivalenol (DON). This study aimed for marker-based introduction of three previously mapped QTLs from two German winter wheat resistance sources into an elite background unrelated to the mapping population. A double cross (DC) served as initial population that combined two resistance donor-QTL alleles from "Dream" (Qfhs.lfl-6AL, Qfhs.lfl-7BS) and one donor-QTL allele from "G16-92" on chromosome 2BL with two high yielding, susceptible elite winter wheats ("Brando", "LP235.1"). The initial population of 600 DC-derived F(1) lines was selected with SSR markers for the respective QTLs. After two marker-selection steps, each of eight marker classes was represented by 9-22 lines possessing the respective donor-QTL allele or all possible combinations thereof in the homozygous state. The effect of the QTLs was estimated by field tests at four locations inoculated with Fusarium culmorum. Resistance was measured as the mean of multiple FHB ratings (0-100%). Marker classes incorporating only one QTL were not significantly more resistant than the class without any QTL, the combination of two donor-QTL alleles reduced FHB significantly. On average, lines with Qfhs.lfl-6AL were significantly taller than lines without this QTL. A considerable variation for FHB resistance was found in all marker classes. Marker-based introduction of two QTLs enhanced mean FHB rating by about 40 percentage points, the selected plants, however, were, on average, significantly taller. Both findings strongly support a phenotypic selection following after marker-based introduction of effective QTLs. 相似文献
3.
Identification of QTLs for resistance to Fusarium head blight, DON accumulation and associated traits in the winter wheat variety Arina 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Draeger R Gosman N Steed A Chandler E Thomsett M Srinivasachary Schondelmaier J Buerstmayr H Lemmens M Schmolke M Mesterhazy A Nicholson P 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(5):617-625
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat has become a serious threat to wheat crops in numerous countries. In addition to loss
of yield and quality, this disease is of primary importance because of the contamination of grain with mycotoxins such as
deoxynivalenol (DON). The Swiss winter cultivar Arina possesses significant resistance to FHB. The objective of this study
was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to FHB, DON accumulation and associated traits in grain in a double
haploid (DH) population from a cross between Arina and the FHB susceptible UK variety Riband. FHB resistance was assessed
in five trials across different years and locations. Ten QTL for resistance to FHB or associated traits were detected across
the trials, with QTL derived from both parents. Very few of the QTL detected in this study were coincident with those reported
by authors of two other studies of FHB resistance in Arina. It is concluded that the FHB resistance of Arina, like that of
the other European winter wheat varieties studied to date, is conferred by several genes of moderate effect making it difficult
to exploit in marker-assisted selection breeding programmes. The most significant and stable QTL for FHB resistance was on
chromosome 4D and co-localised with the Rht–D1 locus for height. This association appears to be due to linkage of deleterious genes to the Rht-D1b (Rht2) semi-dwarfing allele rather than differences in height per se. This association may compromise efforts to enhance FHB resistance
in breeding programmes using germplasm containing this allele. 相似文献
4.
Srinivasachary Gosman N Steed A Simmonds J Leverington-Waite M Wang Y Snape J Nicholson P 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2008,116(8):1145-1153
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an important disease of wheat worldwide. The cultivar Spark is more resistant than most other UK winter
wheat varieties but the genetic basis for this is not known. A mapping population from a cross between Spark and the FHB susceptible
variety Rialto was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance. QTL analysis across environments
revealed nine QTL for FHB resistance and four QTL for plant height (PH). One FHB QTL was coincident with the Rht-1D locus and accounted for up to 51% of the phenotypic variance. The enhanced FHB susceptibility associated with Rht-D1b is not an effect of PH per se as other QTL for height segregating in this population have no influence on susceptibility.
Experiments with near-isogenic lines supported the association between susceptibility and the Rht-D1b allele conferring the semi-dwarf habit. Our results demonstrate that lines carrying the Rht-1Db semi-dwarfing allele are compromised in resistance to initial infection (type I resistance) while being unaffected in resistance
to spread within the spike (type II resistance). 相似文献
5.
Mapping of Fhb2 on chromosome 6BS: a gene controlling Fusarium head blight field resistance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Cuthbert PA Somers DJ Brulé-Babel A 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,114(3):429-437
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important fungal wheat diseases worldwide. Understanding the genetics of FHB
resistance is key to facilitate the introgression of different FHB resistance genes into adapted wheat. The objective of this
project was to study the FHB resistance QTL on chromosome 6B, quantify the phenotypic variation, and qualitatively map the
resistance gene as a Mendelian factor. The FHB resistant parent BW278 (AC Domain*2/Sumai 3) was used as the source of the
resistance allele. A large recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population was developed from the cross BW278/AC Foremost.
The population segregated for three known FHB resistance QTL located on chromosomes 3BSc, 5A, and 6B. Molecular markers on
chromosome 6B (WMC104, WMC397, GWM219), 5A (GWM154, GWM304, WMC415), and 3BS (WMC78, GWM566, WMC527) were amplified on approximately
1,440 F2:7 RILs. The marker information was used to select 89 RILs that were fixed homozygous susceptible for the 3BSc and 5A FHB QTLs
and were recombinant in the 6B interval. Disease response was evaluated on 89 RILs and parental checks in the greenhouse and
field nurseries. Dual floret injection (DFI) was used in greenhouse trials to evaluate disease severity (DS). Macroconidial
spray inoculations were used in field nurseries conducted at two locations in southern Manitoba (Carman and Glenlea) over
two years 2003 and 2004, to evaluate disease incidence, disease severity, visual rating index, and Fusarium-damaged kernels.
The phenotypic distribution for all five-disease infection measurements was bimodal, with lines resembling either the resistant
or susceptible checks and parents. All of the four field traits for FHB resistance mapped qualitatively to a coincident position
on chromosome 6BS, flanked by GWM133 and GWM644, and is named Fhb2. The greenhouse-DS trait mapped 2 cM distal to Fhb2. Qualitative mapping of Fhb2 in wheat provides tightly linked markers that can reduce linkage drag associated with marker assisted selection of Fhb2 and aid the pyramiding of different resistance loci for wheat improvement. 相似文献
6.
Saturation and comparative mapping of a major Fusarium head blight resistance QTL in tetraploid wheat 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Xunfen Chen Justin D. Faris Jinguo Hu Robert W. Stack Tika Adhikari Elias M. Elias Shahryar F. Kianian Xiwen Cai 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2007,19(2):113-124
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of cultivated wheat worldwide. Partial resistance to FHB has been identified
in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). However, sources of effective FHB resistance have not been found in durum wheat (T. turgidum L. var. durum). A major FHB resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL), Qfhs.ndsu-3AS, was identified on chromosome 3A of T.
dicoccoides, a wild relative of durum wheat. Here, we saturated the genomic region containing the QTL using EST-derived target region
amplified polymorphism (TRAP), sequence tagged site (STS), and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 45 new molecular
marker loci were detected on chromosome 3A and the resulting linkage map consisted of 55 markers spanning a genetic distance
of 277.2 cM. Qfhs.ndsu-3AS was positioned within a chromosomal interval of 11.5 cM and is flanked by the TRAP marker loci, Xfcp401 and Xfcp397.2. The average map distance between the marker loci within this QTL region was reduced from 4.9 cM in the previous study to
3.5 cM in the present study. Comparative mapping indicated that Qfhs.ndsu-3AS is not homoeologous to Qfhs.ndsu-3BS, a major FHB QTL derived from the common wheat cultivar Sumai 3. These results facilitate our efforts toward map-based cloning
of Qfhs.ndsu-3AS and utilization of this QTL in durum wheat breeding via marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
Lemmens M Scholz U Berthiller F Dall'Asta C Koutnik A Schuhmacher R Adam G Buerstmayr H Mesterházy A Krska R Ruckenbauer P 《Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI》2005,18(12):1318-1324
We investigated the hypothesis that resistance to deoxynivalenol (DON) is a major resistance factor in the Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance complex of wheat. Ninety-six double haploid lines from a cross between 'CM-82036' and 'Remus' were examined. The lines were tested for DON resistance after application of the toxin in the ear, and for resistances to initial infection and spread of FHB after artificial inoculation with Fusarium spp. Toxin application to flowering ears induced typical FHB symptoms. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses detected one locus with a major effect on DON resistance (logarithm of odds = 53.1, R2 = 92.6). The DON resistance phenotype was closely associated with an important FHB resistance QTL, Qfhs.ndsu-3BS, which previously was identified as governing resistance to spread of symptoms in the ear. Resistance to the toxin was correlated with resistance to spread of FHB (r = 0.74, P < 0.001). In resistant wheat lines, the applied toxin was converted to DON-3-O-glucoside as the detoxification product. There was a close relation between the DON-3-glucoside/DON ratio and DON resistance in the toxin-treated ears (R2 = 0.84). We conclude that resistance to DON is important in the FHB resistance complex and hypothesize that Qfhs.ndsu-3BS either encodes a DON-glucosyl-transferase or regulates the expression of such an enzyme. 相似文献
10.
Dahleen LS Agrama HA Horsley RD Steffenson BJ Schwarz PB Mesfin A Franckowiak JD 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,108(1):95-104
Fusarium head blight (FHB) in barley and wheat, caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a continual problem worldwide. Primarily, FHB reduces yield and quality, and results in the production of the toxin deoxynivalenol (DON), which can affect food safety. Identification of QTLs for FHB severity, DON level and related traits heading-date (HD) and plant-height (HT) with consistent effects across a set of environments, would provide the basis for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and potentially increase the efficiency of selection for resistance. A segregating population of 75 double-haploid lines, developed from the three-way cross Zhedar 2/ND9712//Foster, was used for genome mapping and FHB severity evaluation. A linkage map of 214 RFLP, SSR and AFLP markers was constructed. Phenotypic data were collected in replicated field trials from five environments in two growing seasons. The data were analyzed using MQTL software to detect quantitative trait locus (QTL) × environment (E) interactions. Because of the presence of QTL × E, the MQM procedure in MAPQTL was applied to identify QTLs in single environments. We identified nine QTLs for FHB severity and five for low DON. Many of the disease-related QTLs identified were coincident with FHB QTLs identified in previous studies. Only two of the QTLs identified in this study were consistent across all five environments, and both were Zhedar 2 specific. Five of the FHB QTLs were associated with HD, and two were associated with HT. Regions that appear to be promising candidates for MAS and further genetic analysis include the two FHB QTLs on chromosome 2H and one on 6H, which were also associated with low DON and later heading-date in multiple environments. This study provides a starting point for manipulating Zhedar 2-derived resistance by MAS in barley to develop cultivars that will show effective resistance under disease pressure.Communicated by H.F. Linskens 相似文献
11.
Molecular mapping of QTL for Fusarium head blight resistance introgressed into durum wheat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mingxia Zhao Yueqiang Leng Shiaoman Chao Steven S. Xu Shaobin Zhong 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(9):1939-1951
Key message
The major QTL for FHB resistance from hexaploid wheat line PI 277012 was successfully introgressed into durum wheat and minor FHB resistance QTL were detected in local durum wheat cultivars. A combination of these QTL will enhance FHB resistance of durum wheat.Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a devastating disease of durum wheat. To combat the disease, great efforts have been devoted to introgress FHB resistance from its related tetraploid and hexaploid wheat species into adapted durum cultivars. However, most of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for FHB resistance existing in the introgression lines are not well characterized or validated. In this study, we aimed to identify and map FHB resistance QTL in a population consisting of 205 recombinant inbred lines from the cross between Joppa (a durum wheat cultivar) and 10Ae564 (a durum wheat introgression line with FHB resistance derived from the hexaploid wheat line PI 277012). One QTL (Qfhb.ndwp-2A) from Joppa and two QTL (Qfhb.ndwp-5A and Qfhb.ndwp-7A) from 10Ae564 were identified through phenotyping of the mapping population for FHB severity and DON content in greenhouse and field and genotyping with 90K wheat Infinium iSelect SNP arrays. Qfhb.ndwp-2A explained 14, 15, and 9% of the phenotypic variation, respectively, for FHB severity in two greenhouse experiments and for mean DON content across the two greenhouse environments. Qfhb.ndwp-5A explained 19, 10, and 7% of phenotypic variation, respectively, for FHB severity in one greenhouse experiment, mean FHB severity across two field experiments, and mean DON content across the two greenhouse experiments. Qfhb.ndwp-7A was only detected for FHB severity in the two greenhouse experiments, explaining 9 and 11% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. This study confirms the existence of minor QTL in North Dakota durum cultivars and the successful transfer of the major QTL from PI 277012 into durum wheat.12.
A. Salameh M. Buerstmayr B. Steiner A. Neumayer M. Lemmens H. Buerstmayr 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2011,28(4):485-494
Breeding for fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance of wheat is a continuous challenge for plant breeders. Resistance to FHB
is a quantitative trait, governed by several to many genes and modulated by environmental conditions. The presented study
was undertaken to assess the effect on improving FHB resistance and on possible unwanted side effects (‘linkage drag’) of
two resistance QTL, namely Fhb1 and Qfhs.ifa-5A, from the spring wheat line CM-82036 when transferred by marker-assisted backcrossing into several European winter wheat
lines. To achieve these goals, we developed and evaluated fifteen backcross-two–derived families based on nine European winter
wheat varieties as recipients and the FHB resistant variety CM-82036 as resistance donor. The QTL Qfhs.ifa-5A had a relatively small impact on increasing FHB resistance. On average lines with Fhb1 plus Qfhs.ifa-5A combined were only slightly more resistant compared to lines with Fhb1 alone. The obtained results suggest that the effect of the spring wheat–derived QTL on improving FHB resistance increases
in the order Qfhs.ifa-5A < Fhb1 ≤ Qfhs.ifa-5A plus Fhb1 combined. The genetic background of the recipient line had a large impact on the resistance level of the obtained lines.
No systematic negative effect of the spring wheat–derived QTL on grain yield, thousand grain weight, hectoliter weight and
protein content was found. The use of spring wheat–derived FHB resistance QTL for breeding high yielding cultivars with improved
FHB resistance appears therefore highly promising. 相似文献
13.
Toxin B — trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most frequent Fusarium mycotoxin in Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease produced by Fusarium fungi. Thirty-one samples of naturally cultivated winter wheat were collected from different localities in Slovakia and evaluated
for DON content, and after an artificial inoculation twelve of winter wheat cultivars were evaluated for FHB, fusarium damaged
kernels (FDK) and DON content (resistance Type I and II) during two years. Plants were inoculated at anthesis with a conidial
suspension of Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Smith) Sacc. The highest mean contents of DON 1.641 ppm were found in produced potato region (PPR) and 1.654 ppm in
produced sugar beet region (PSBR). A positive correlation was found between DON content and rainfall, and a negative correlation
was found between content of DON and temperature. Lower positive correlations were found between the contents of DON in 2003
and 2004 in the resistance Type I and Type II in twelve artificially infected cultivars. The significant positive correlations
in content of DON were found between resistance Type I and Type II in the years 2003 and 2004. The lowest content of DON was
found in the cultivars Alka, Malyska and the highest one in the cultivars Vanda and Boka. The positive correlation between
the content of DON and FDK (in %) in head (average 2003 and 2004 years) from artificially infected and analysed cultivars
was statistically significant in both resistances Type I and Type II. 相似文献
14.
15.
Martin Löffler Chris-Carolin Schön Thomas Miedaner 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2009,23(3):473-488
Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat results in reduced yield and quality and in accumulation of mycotoxins. The objective of this
study was to identify genomic regions in wheat involved in the control of FHB resistance applying a QTL meta-analysis approach
by combining QTL of 30 mapping populations to propose independent meta-QTL (MQTL). A consensus map was created on which initial
QTL were projected. Nineteen MQTL comprising 2–13 initial QTL with widely varying confidence intervals were found on 12 chromosomes.
Some of them coincided with genomic regions previously identified (e.g. chromosomes 3BS, 6B), however, some MQTL were newly
detected by this study. Separate analysis of populations with the same resistant parent showed a rather high consistency for
the Chinese spring wheat donor ‘Sumai 3’, but little consistency for the Chinese donor ‘Wangshuibai’ and the Swiss donor ‘Arina’.
According to our results breeders can in future (1) choose parents for crossing not comprising the same resistance loci or
QTL intervals, (2) exploit new MQTL, and (3) select markers of some of these MQTL to be used in marker-assisted selection.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
16.
Pestsova E Röder M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,106(1):84-91
Fusarium head blight (FHB, scab) is a fungal disease of wheat and other small cereals that is found in both temperate and
semi-tropical regions. FHB causes severe yield and quality losses, but the most-serious concern is the possible mycotoxin
contamination of cereal food and feed. Breeding for FHB resistance by conventional selection is feasible, but tedious and
expensive. This study was conducted to identify and map DNA markers associated with FHB resistance genes in wheat. A population
of 364 F1-derived doubled-haploid (DH) lines from the cross ’CM-82036’ (resistant)/’Remus’ (susceptible) was evaluated for Type II
resistance (spread within the spike) during 2 years under field conditions. Marker analysis was performed on 239 randomly
chosen DH lines. Different marker types were applied, with an emphasis on AFLP and SSR markers. Analysis of variance, as well
as simple and composite interval mapping, were applied. Three genomic regions were found significantly associated with FHB
resistance. The most-prominent effect was detected on the short arm of chromosome 3B, explaining up to 60% of the phenotypic
variance for Type II FHB resistance. A further QTL was located on chromosome 5A and a third one on 1B. The QTL regions on
3B and 5A were tagged with flanking SSR markers, the 1B QTL was found associated with the high-molecular-weight glutenin locus.
These results indicate that FHB resistance is under control of a few major QTLs operating together with unknown numbers of
minor genes. Marker-assisted selection for these major QTLs involved in FHB resistance appears feasible and should accelerate
the development of resistant and agronomically improved wheat cultivars.
Received: 25 January 2001 / Accepted: 18 February 2001 相似文献
17.
The devastating effect of Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum has led to significant financial losses across the Upper Midwest of the USA. These losses have spurred the need for research in biological, chemical, and genetic control methods for this disease. To date, most of the research on FHB resistance has concentrated on hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines originating from China. Other sources of resistance to FHB would be desirable. One other source of resistance for both hexaploid wheat and tetraploid durum wheat (T. turgidum L. var. durum) is the wild tetraploid, T. turgidum L. var. dicoccoides (T. dicoccoides). Previous analysis of the `Langdon'-T. dicoccoides chromosome substitution lines, LDN(Dic), indicated that the chromosome 3A substitution line expresses moderate levels of resistance to FHB. LDN(Dic-3A) recombinant inbred chromosome lines (RICL) were used to generate a linkage map of chromosome 3A with 19 molecular markers spanning a distance of 155.2 cM. The individual RICL and controls were screened for their FHB phenotype in two greenhouse seasons. Analysis of 83 RICL identified a single major quantitative trait locus, Qfhs.ndsu-3AS, that explains 37% of the phenotypic or 55% of the genetic variation for FHB resistance. A microsatellite locus, Xgwm2, is tightly linked to the highest point of the QTL peak. A region of the LDN (Dic-3A) chromosome associated with the QTL for FHB resistance encompasses a 29.3 cM region from Xmwg14 to Xbcd828. 相似文献
18.
Qiongxian Lu Morten Lillemo Helge Skinnes Xinyao He Jianrong Shi Fang Ji Yanhong Dong Åsmund Bjørnstad 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2013,126(2):317-334
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive wheat disease of global importance. Resistance breeding depends heavily on the Fhb1 gene. The CIMMYT line Shanghai-3/Catbird (SHA3/CBRD) is a promising source without this gene. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from the cross of SHA3/CBRD with the German spring wheat cv. Naxos was evaluated for FHB resistance and related traits in field trials using spray and spawn inoculation in Norway and point inoculation in China. After spray and spawn inoculation, FHB severities were negatively correlated with both anther extrusion (AE) and plant height (PH). The QTL analysis showed that the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele co-localized with a QTL for low AE and increased susceptibility after spawn and spray inoculation. In general, SHA3/CBRD contributed most of the favorable alleles for resistance to severity after spray and spawn inoculation, while Naxos contributed more favorable alleles for reduction in FDK and DON content and resistance to severity after point inoculation. SHA3/CBRD contributed a major resistance QTL close to the centromere on 2DLc affecting FHB severity and DON after all inoculation methods. This QTL was also associated with AE and PH, with high AE and tall alleles contributed by SHA3/CBRD. Several QTL for AE and PH were detected, and low AE or reduced PH was always associated with increased susceptibility after spawn and spray inoculation. Most of the other minor FHB resistance QTL from SHA3/CBRD were associated with AE or PH, while the QTL from Naxos were mostly not. After point inoculation, no other QTL for FHB traits was associated with AE or PH, except the 2DLc QTL which was common across all inoculation methods. Marker-assisted selection based on the 2DLc QTL from SHA3/CBRD combined with phenotypic selection for AE is recommended for resistance breeding based on this valuable source of resistance. 相似文献
19.
Overexpression of defense response genes in transgenic wheat enhances resistance to Fusarium head blight 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mackintosh CA Lewis J Radmer LE Shin S Heinen SJ Smith LA Wyckoff MN Dill-Macky R Evans CK Kravchenko S Baldridge GD Zeyen RJ Muehlbauer GJ 《Plant cell reports》2007,26(4):479-488
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat, caused by Fusarium graminearum and other Fusarium species, is a major disease problem for wheat production worldwide. To combat this problem, large-scale
breeding efforts have been established. Although progress has been made through standard breeding approaches, the level of
resistance attained is insufficient to withstand epidemic conditions. Genetic engineering provides an alternative approach
to enhance the level of resistance. Many defense response genes are induced in wheat during F. graminearum infection and may play a role in reducing FHB. The objectives of this study were (1) to develop transgenic wheat overexpressing
the defense response genes α-1-purothionin, thaumatin-like protein 1 (tlp-1), and β-1,3-glucanase; and (2) to test the resultant
transgenic wheat lines against F. graminearum infection under greenhouse and field conditions. Using the wheat cultivar Bobwhite, we developed one, two, and four lines
carrying the α-1-purothionin, tlp-1, and β-1,3-glucanase transgenes, respectively, that had statistically significant reductions
in FHB severity in greenhouse evaluations. We tested these seven transgenic lines under field conditions for percent FHB disease
severity, deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin accumulation, and percent visually scabby kernels (VSK). Six of the seven lines differed
from the nontransgenic parental Bobwhite line for at least one of the disease traits. A β-1,3-glucanase transgenic line had
enhanced resistance, showing lower FHB severity, DON concentration, and percent VSK compared to Bobwhite. Taken together,
the results showed that overexpression of defense response genes in wheat could enhance the FHB resistance in both greenhouse
and field conditions. 相似文献
20.
Xiaorong Shen Herbert Ohm 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2007,20(2):131-140
Resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was identified in disomic chromosome substitution and translocation lines, into which chromosome 7el2 had been introgressed from wheatgrass, Thinopyrum ponticum. In this study, two chromosome substitution lines with different origins (designated as el1 and el2) and with different reactions to infection by F. graminearum were crossed to develop a segregating mapping population. The objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness
of this type II resistance and map it on chromosome 7el2. Type II resistance to FHB was characterized in the F2, F2:3 families, F4:5 plants and F5:6 recombinant inbred lines developed by single-seed descent; and the population was characterized in the F2 and F5 with DNA markers along the long arm of 7el. Composite interval mapping revealed a FHB resistance QTL, designated Qfhs.pur-7EL, located in the distal region of the long arm of 7el2 and delimited with flanking markers XBE445653 and Xcfa2240. Additive effects of Qfhs.pur-7EL reduced the number of diseased spikelets per spike following inoculation of one floret in four experiments by 1.5–2.6 and
explained 15.1–32.5% of the phenotypic variation in the populations. Several STS-derived and EST-derived PCR or CAPS markers
were developed in this chromosomal region, and showed the specificity of 7el2 compared to an array of wheat lines possessing other sources of FHB resistance. These markers are useful in an effort to
shorten the chromosome segment of 7el2 and to use for marker-assisted introgression of this resistance into wheat. 相似文献