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1.
Malarveni Damodaran Lakshmi Priya Arumugam Geetha 《Biological trace element research》2011,142(2):148-158
Autism is a multi-factorial pathology observed in children with altered levels of essential and elevated levels of toxic elements.
There are also studies reporting a decrease in nutritional trace elements in the hair and nail of autistic children with healthy
controls; moreover, bioelements have been shown to play an important role in the central nervous system. Therefore, the purpose
of the present study was to assess the levels of trace elements like copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), and selenium
(Se) and toxic elements like mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) in the hair and nail samples of autistic children and to evaluate
whether the level of these elements could be correlated with the severity of autism. The subjects of the study were 45 autistic
children with different grades of severity (low (LFA), medium (MFA), and high (HFA) functioning autism) according to Childhood
Autism Rating Scale, n = 15 children in each group and 50 healthy children (age and sex matched). The boys and girls ratio involved in this study
was 4:1, and they were 4-12 years of age. The study observed a valid indication of Cu body burden in the autistic children.
The children with different grades of autism showed high significance (p < 0.001) in the level of copper in their hair and nail samples when compared to healthy controls. The level of Cu in the
autistic children could be correlated with their degree of severity (more the Cu burden severe is autism). The study showed
a significant elevation (p < 0.001) in the levels of toxic metals Pb and Hg in both hair and nail samples of autistic children when compared to healthy
control group. The elevation was much pronounced in LFA group subjects when compared among autistic groups MFA and HFA. The
levels of trace elements Mg and Se were significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in autistic children when compared to control. The trace element Zn showed significant variation in both hair and
nails of LFA group children when compared to control group and other study groups. The significant elevation in the concentration
of Cu, Pb, and Hg and significant decrease in the concentration of Mg and Se observed in the hair and nail samples of autistic
subjects could be well correlated with their degrees of severity. 相似文献
2.
Anatoly V. Skalny Tatiana P. Klyushnik Andrei R. Grabeklis Ivan V. Radysh Margarita G. Skalnaya Alexey A. Tinkov 《Biological trace element research》2017,177(2):215-223
The primary objective of the present study is analysis of hair trace elements content in children with communication disorder (CD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A total of 99 children from control, CD, and ASD groups (n = 33) were examined. All children were additionally divided into two subgroups according to age. Hair levels of trace elements were assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The difference was considered significant at p < 0.01. The obtained data demonstrate that children with CD are characterized by significantly increased hair lithium (Li) (96 %; p = 0.008), selenium (Se) (66 %; p < 0.001), arsenic (As) (96 %; p = 0.005), beryllium (Be) (150 %; p < 0.001), and cadmium (Cd) (72 %; p = 0.007) content, being higher than the respective control values. In the ASD group, hair copper (Cu), iodine (I), and Be levels tended to be lower than the control values. In turn, the scalp hair content of Se significantly exceeded the control values (33 %; p = 0.004), whereas the level of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) tended to increase. After gradation for age, the most prominent differences in children with CD were detected in the elder group (5–8 years), whereas in the case of ASD—in the younger group (3–4 years old). Taking into account the role of hair as excretory mechanism for certain elements including the toxic ones, it can be proposed that children suffering from ASD are characterized by more profound alteration of metal handling and excretion in comparison to CD. 相似文献
3.
Lead, copper, zinc, and magnesium content in hair of children and young people with some neurological diseases 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lech T 《Biological trace element research》2002,85(2):111-126
The lead, copper, zinc, and magnesium levels of scalp hair taken from 153 children aged 1–15 yr and young people (16–18 yr)
with selected neurological disorders (hyperexcibility, loss of consciousness, and epileptiform convulsions of an unknown origin,
etc.), were measured using the atomic absorption spectrometry method and then compared with a control group of healthy children
(n=108). The research indicated significantly reduced mean levels of magnesium in the hair of children suffering from selected
neurological diseases (in children aged 11–15 yr of age, above 30%; up to 5 yr of age, nearly 30%; the differences were statistically
significant at p<0.05) and slightly decreased mean levels of copper (differences statistically significant at p<0.05, particularly in the 11 to 15-yr category). Differences in zinc levels in hair were inconsiderable (not statistically
significant in any age groups). The lead level in the hair of the above-mentioned group of children was exceeded in relation
to the control group (a statistically significant difference at p<0.05 for the total group). A more than twofold decrease in the mean value of the Mg/Pb ratio (and a nearly 30% decrease in
the value of the Mg/Zn ratio) in the hair of children suffering from neurological diseases suggests that the high toxicity
of lead accompanying, among other things, magnesium deficiencies might be a cause of the observed disorders in children. 相似文献
4.
Ermis B Yildirim A Ors R Tastekin A Ozkan B Akcay F 《Biological trace element research》2005,105(1-3):27-36
The aim of the study was to investigate simultaneously serum and milk malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD),
glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and antioxidant potential (AOP) in active-smoking, passive-smoking, and nonsmoking
mothers and to search if there is any difference between serum and milk oxidant/ antioxidant status caused by smoking. According
to their smoking status, 60 mothers (age range: 20–35 yr) were classified into one of three groups: the active-smoking mothers
(n=15), the passive-smoking mothers (n=22), and the nonsmoking mothers (n=23). Serum and milk MDA, SOD, GPx, and AOP values were determined in mothers on the postpartum seventh day by the spectrophotometric
method. Serum Zn and Cu concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). There was no significant
difference in serum samples with respect to MDA (p=0.17), SOD (p=0.51) and AOP (p=0.36) levels, but there was a significant difference in serum GPx (p=0.002) levels among the study groups. The significant differences were also found in milk samples in terms of MDA (p=0.002) and SOD (p=0.011), but not in GPx (p=0.11) and AOP (p=0.29) levels among the study groups. No significant difference was seen in serum zinc concentration (p=0.49), but copper concentration differed significantly among the groups (p=0.005). These observations suggest that human milk is more vulnerable to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation than serum
samples in smoking mothers, even if they are passive smokers. 相似文献
5.
Excessive iodine intake is known to induce hypothyroidism in people who have underlying thyroid disorders. However, few studies
have been performed on subjects with normal thyroid function without a history of autoimmune thyroid disease. We hypothesized
that high iodine intake may cause a subtle change in thyroid function even in subjects with normal thyroid function. We analyzed
337 subjects (64 men and 273 women; mean age, 49 years) who showed normal levels of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab)
and thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg-Ab) by measuring the urinary iodine excretion, free T4 (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone
(TSH). The results showed urinary iodine excretion had negative correlation with FT4 (γ = −0.11, p = 0.043) and showed a positive trend with TSH (γ = 0.10, p = 0.068). We found that 61.7% of subjects had circulating TPO-Ab within normal reference range. In all subjects, TPO-Ab levels
were negatively correlated with FT4 (γ = −0.17, p = 0.002) and positively with TSH (γ = 0.13, p = 0.021). In conclusion, high iodine intake can negatively affect thyroid hormone levels in subjects with normal thyroid
function. Population-based study will be helpful for further clarification. 相似文献
6.
The objective was to determine the prevalence of iodine deficiency among hypothyroid patients and the effect of dietary goitrogens
on indices of iodine and thyroid status. This is a case-control study of 106 subjects who were recruited from King Abdulaziz
University Hospital, Jeddah. Blood and urine were collected for serum thyroid hormones, thyroid autoantibodies, thyroglobulin
(Tg) and urinary iodine concentration (UIC). Dietary iodine and goitrogenic food intake were assessed by questionnaire. Using
World Health Organization (WHO) cutoff values for UIC, both controls and cases were iodine deficient (85% and 83%, respectively).
Furthermore, dietary iodine was deficient in 23% of controls and 36% of cases. In cases, there was a positive association
between UIC levels and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (r = 0.405, p < 0.01) and a negative association with serum fT4 (r = −0.358, p < 0.01). Serum Tg antibody titers were also positively associated with dietary iodine (r = 0.328, p < 0.05). Patients with elevated serum autoantibodies had lower UIC and dietary iodine than those with normal serum autoantibodies.
UIC was associated with dietary goitrogens including turnip (r = 0.280, p < 0.05) and pine (r = 0.289, p < 0.05) among cases. Iodine deficiency is common and the consumption of dietary goitrogens is high among euthyroid and hypothyroid
subjects living in Jeddah. 相似文献
7.
Weerasak Chonchaiya Flora Tassone Paul Ashwood David Hessl Andrea Schneider Luis Campos Danh V. Nguyen Randi J. Hagerman 《Human genetics》2010,128(5):539-548
An increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases in family members of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been
previously reported. ASD is also a common problem co-occurring in children with fragile X syndrome (FXS). Why ASD occurs in
some individuals with FXS, but not all, is largely unknown. Furthermore, in premutation carrier mothers, there is an increased
risk for autoimmune diseases. This study compared the rate of ASD and other neurodevelopmental/behavioral problems in 61 children
with FXS born to 41 carrier mothers who had autoimmune disease and in 97 children with FXS of 78 carrier mothers who did not
have autoimmune disease. There were no significant differences in the mean age (9.61 ± 5.59 vs. 9.41 ± 6.31, P = 0.836), cognitive and adaptive functioning in children of mothers with and without autoimmune disease. Among children whose
mothers had autoimmune disease, the odds ratio (OR) for ASD was 1.27 (95% CI 0.62–2.61, P = 0.5115). Interestingly, the OR for seizures and tics was 3.81 (95% CI 1.13–12.86, P = 0.031) and 2.94 (95% CI 1.19–7.24, P = 0.019), respectively, in children of mothers with autoimmune disease compared to children of mothers without autoimmune
disease. In conclusion, autoimmune disease in carrier mothers was not associated with the presence of ASD in their children.
However, seizures and tics were significantly increased in children of mothers with autoimmune disease. This suggests a potential
new mechanism of seizure and tic exacerbation in FXS related to an intergenerational influence from autoimmunity in the carrier
mother. 相似文献
8.
Barton HJ 《Biological trace element research》2011,143(2):637-658
The population of about 300 6-year-old preschool children was studied for lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in deciduous teeth, scalp
hair, and capillary blood. Zinc (Zn) content in hair was also measured due to its possible interferences with the elements
studied. The Pb and Cd contents were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman background correction,
and Zn, by flame method. Metal levels found were comparable to those in European countries. Positive correlations between
Pb and Cd in the same and different tissues were widespread (r = 0.23–0.68). A positive correlation was found between Pb in teeth and blood (r = 0.65, p < 0.001). Pb blood threshold 100 μg L−1 referred to 2.6 μg g−1 Pb in teeth. Predictability of this Pb teeth limit was 14% vs. 5% for Pb blood. Strong negative correlation was found between
hair Pb and Zn (r = −0.68, p < 0.001). Enhanced Cd and Zn levels in hair were associated with the household drinking water hardness. The associations
with some other environmental and behavioral factors were also presented and discussed. The results proved the advantage of
analysis of primary teeth for Pb exposure screening of preschool children. 相似文献
9.
Milan Dastych Dagmar Procházková Antonin Pokorný Libor Zdražil 《Biological trace element research》2010,133(3):265-269
The purpose of this study was to determine the different levels of copper and zinc in the serum, urine, and scalp hair of
patients with Wilson’s disease receiving different, currently accepted methods of treatment to reduce the copper load (penicillamine—group
1, n = 8; zinc—group 2, n = 8; penicillamine+zinc—group 3, n = 8). Blood, urine, and hair samples were collected from the patients. All three treatments resulted in a significant decrease
of the serum copper levels. Significantly increased levels of zinc in the serum were detected in the patients in groups 2
and 3 (19.1 and 18.8 μmol/l, respectively; p < 0.05). Copper excretion in the urine significantly increased during its administration to groups 1 and 3 (11.5 and 7.94 μmol/24 h
respectively; p < 0.001) due to the effect of penicillamine. The administration of zinc as monotherapy (group 2) or in combination with penicillamine
(group 3) led to an increase of its excretion (25.3 and 22.4 μmol/24 h, respectively; p < 0.01). Only an insignificant rise of the copper content in the hair was found in all three groups of patients. The content
of zinc in the hair did not differ significantly in any of the groups in comparison with the control group. 相似文献
10.
Srivastava S Mehrotra PK Srivastava SP Siddiqui MK 《Biological trace element research》2002,86(2):97-105
Maternal and cord blood were collected from 54 Indian women at parturition and analyzed for Zn, Cu, and Fe by flame atomic
absorption spectrophotometry to determine the relationship between levels of these elements in mother’s and infant’s blood
and maternal age, birth weight, and gestational age of the baby. The blood Zn level of mothers in the age group 24–28 yr was
significantly higher than those of mothers in the age group of 18–23 yr (p<0.05). Similarly, mothers in the 24 to 28-yr group also had higher blood Fe level than mothers in the group 29–38 yr (p<0.05). The levels of Zn, Cu, and Fe were higher in the maternal blood and lower, but not significantly, in the cord blood
of low-birth-weight babies than in those of normal-birth-weight babies. However, differences in the levels of Zn, Cu, and
Fe between maternal and cord blood of the two birth-weight groups was statistically significant. There were no significant
differences in the levels of the three elements in maternal or cord blood by the gestational age of the baby. A weak but significant
correlation was found between the birth weight of the baby and the Fe level in the cord blood (r=0.26; p<0.05). Also, weak significant correlations were observed between gestational age of the baby and Fe (r=0.23; p<0.05) and Cu (r=0.31; p<0.05) levels in the cord blood. Although, there are many confounders of low birth weight and preterm deliveries, a diminished
placental transfer of these essential elements could be one of the several etiological factors for low birth weight of newborns. 相似文献
11.
Pierre Valeix Paul Preziosi Claude Rossignol Marie-Alice Farnier Serge Hercberg 《Biological trace element research》1992,32(1-3):259-266
Urinary iodine excretion was assessed in 642 healthy children aged 10 mo (n=243), 2 yr (n=183), and 4 yr (n=216) living in the Paris area and originating from continental France (60.3%), North Africa (13.8%), the West Indies (9.1%),
West Africa (8.3%), Southeast Asia (4.8%), and southern Europe (3.8%). Mild impairment of neurological (reflexes, tone, audiometry)
and intellectual development (Brunet-Lézine scale) was assessed in relation to iodine status. Iodine excretions (median values)
were 18.4, 11.9, and 10.9 μg/100 mL at 10 mo, 2 yr, and 4 yr, respectively, and risk of mild iodine deficiency (5–10 μg/100
mL) was 18.1%, 34.8%, and 38.3% for the same age groups. No relationship was found between anthropometry, global development
quotient, and iodine status. High hearing thresholds were more commonly associated with lower iodine excretion, suggesting
mild hearing defects. In spite of iodine prophylaxis, the risk of mild to moderate iodine deficiency still exists in France
and in a number of European countries. Evaluation of neurological sequels of borderline iodine status is a major public health
problem in European communities. 相似文献
12.
In this study, copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and iron of urine and hair were measured in the patients with
tuberculous (TB) pleurisy (n = 24) and in the control group (n = 20). Selenium, magnesium, and zinc of hair were found to be significantly lower in TB pleurisy cases than those in the
control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, and p < 0.01, respectively). On the contrary, selenium and magnesium of urine were found to be significantly elevated in TB pleurisy
cases than those in the control group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the value of manganese and iron between TB pleurisy and the
control group (p > 0.05). Copper level were significantly increased in hair and decreased in urine of the patients (p < 0.01). The occurrence of these abnormalities constitutes new information regarding trace elements in TB pleurisy patients.
These results may provide an additional disease correlate for assessing TB pleurisy risk. 相似文献
13.
Lech T 《Biological trace element research》2002,89(2):111-125
The lead, copper, zinc, and magnesium contents of scalp hair taken from 173 children aged 1–15 yr and young people (16–18
yr) with certain disorders of the osteomuscular articular system (osteomuscular pains of unknown origin, once described as
“growing pains”) were measured, using the flame atomic absorption spectrometry method, and then compared with those of 108
normal, healthy children. The research showed increased average levels of lead (a statistically significant p<0.05 in both the overall group of children, and in those over 11 yr old), and zinc (increased in the total group, in a statistically
significant way at p<0.10 only in adolescents over 15 yr old) and decreased levels of copper (although not significantly) in the hair of children
suffering from “rheumatic” diseases, as compared with controls. The magnesium levels for the total group of ill children were
admittedly enhanced, but in the youngest children, the levels were reduced.
The values of the Mg/Pb and Mg/Zn ratios were lower (in the youngest children, 70% decrease of the Mg/Pb ratio) and Zn/Cu
were higher in the group of children suffering from rheumatic diseases than in the healthy children. The difference of Mg/Pb
ratio between the total controls and rheumatic subjects was statistically significant at p<0.05 and the Zn/Cu at p<0.10. The Mg/Zn ratio was not statistically significant. 相似文献
14.
Carneiro MF Moresco MB Chagas GR de Oliveira Souza VC Rhoden CR Barbosa F 《Biological trace element research》2011,143(2):815-824
The aim of this study was to establish background values for toxic and essential elements in hair, interelement correlations
and the differences in levels between genders in a healthy young population from Southern Brazil. Hair samples (n = 167) were collected from healthy students aged 12–18 years. Trace element concentrations in hair were determined by inductively
coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The study provided relatively low values for toxic elements and balanced concentrations
for the essential elements in the adolescents' hair with reliable reference data. Interestingly, this study also demonstrated
statistical correlations considered newfound between the elements in hair. Hair mercury levels were influenced by gender;
with males presenting higher values. The overall findings of the present study, with respect to the estimated chemical elements,
are of prime importance in the evaluation of reference values for determining environmental effects on children living in
urban areas. 相似文献
15.
Selenium concentration in blood and hair of holstein dairy cows 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christodoulopoulos G Roubies N Karatzias H Papasteriadis A 《Biological trace element research》2003,91(2):145-150
Four-hundred Holstein cows in 40 dairy farms in north Greece were included in this study, and blood (n=400), black hair (n=400), white hair (n=40), and feed (n=40) samples were obtained. Although the feeding regime in these farms was similar, the selenium content of feeds was variable.
The Se content of concentrate feeds was 0.104±0.086 mg/kg dry matter (DM), and of silage, it was 0.025±0.018 mg/kg. A significantly
positive correlation was found between the Se concentration in black hair and the Se concentration in blood (r
2=0.610, p<0.001), the Se concentration in white hair and the Se concentration in blood (r
2=0.770, p<0.001), and the Se concentration in white hair and the Se concentration in black hair (r
2=0.921, p<0.001). The Se concentration in white hair was significantly smaller than that in black hair (p<0.001). 相似文献
16.
Markus P. Look Jürgen K. Rockstroh Govind S. Rao Karl A. Kreuzer Ulrich Spengler Tilman Sauerbruch 《Biological trace element research》1997,56(1):31-41
Serum selenium levels were determined cross-sectionally in 57 HIV-infected patients who were classified according to the Centers
for Disease Control (CDC) 1993 classification system. Mean serum selenium levels were lower in CDC stage II (58.7±12.2 μg/L;p<0.01;n=18) and stage III (47.6±11.3 μg/L;p<0.01;n=19) HIV-infected patients, than in healthy subjects (80.6±9.6 μg/L;n=48) and stage I patients (73.6±16.5 μg/L;n=20). Serum selenium levels were positively correlated with CD4 count, CD4/8 ratio, hematocrit, and serum albumin (r=0.42;r=0.39;r=0.48; andr=0.45;p<0.01, respectively) and inversely with serum levels of thymidine kinase (r=−0.49;p<0.01;n=49) and β2-microglobulin (r=−0.46;p<0.001;n=49). In addition, serum selenium levels in 20 randomly selected AIDS-free individuals (CDC I:n=10; CDC II:n=10) were inversely correlated with serum concentrations of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors
(sTNFR) types I and II. There was no correlation with serum immuneglobulin A and total serum protein levels. The results show
that the progressive deprivation of serum selenium in HIV-infection is associated with loss of CD4+-cells and with increased levels of markers of disease progression and inflammatory response. 相似文献
17.
Gürgöze MK Olçücü A Aygün AD Taskin E Kiliç M 《Biological trace element research》2006,111(1-3):23-29
In the present study, the serum and hair levels of zinc, selenium, and copper were determined in children with iron-deficiency
anemia (IDA). A total of 52 anemic children aged 1–4 yr constituted the study group. Fortysix healthy children acted as controls.
The copper and zinc levels were measured with an atomic absorption spectrophometer. Serum and hair selenium was determined
by a spectroflourometric method. The serum zinc and selenium concentrations in the IDA group were found to be significantly
lower and serum copper significantly higher than those in the controls (p<0.05). Lower iron, zinc, and selenium concentrations (p<0.001) but not copper were found in hair (p>0.05). 相似文献
18.
It is thought that calcium and magnesium may be related to metabolic disorders such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; however,
to date, there have been few studies investigating the association between serum calcium and magnesium levels and metabolic
syndrome in middle-aged male adults. We aimed to investigate the association between serum calcium and magnesium levels and
metabolic syndrome in Korean middle-aged male adults. Study subjects included 213 men aged 30∼60 years. MetS risk score is
determined by adding the number of risk factors, waist circumference, triacylglyceride (TG), HDL cholesterol, glucose, and
blood pressure (BP). The study population was divided into three groups according to the MetS risk score: group I (MetS risk
score ≤1; n = 106), group II (MetS risk score = 2; n = 51), and group III (MetS risk score ≥3; n = 56). The serum Ca, according to increase of MetS risk score, was significantly higher (p < 0.001), and there was no significant difference in serum Mg concentration among the three groups. Subjects with high TG
and high BP had higher serum calcium levels than those without such abnormalities. Subjects with higher glucose had lower
serum magnesium levels than those without such abnormality. The correlation analysis indicated that the serum Ca had positive
correlations with the MetS risk score (r = 0.1769, p < 0.01), serum TG (r = 0.2516, p < 0.001), and DBP (r = 0.2246, p < 0.01). The correlation analysis indicated that the serum Mg had an inverse relationship with serum glucose (r = −0.2404, p < 0.001). In conclusion, serum Ca had positive association with TG and BP, while serum Mg had negative association with serum
glucose after adjusting age and BMI among the middle-aged Korean male adults. 相似文献
19.
Gonzalez-Reimers E Santolaria-Fernandez F Galindo-Martín L Duran-Castellon MC Aleman-Valls MR Garcia-Valdecasas-Campelo E Ros-Vilamajo R Barroso-Guerrero F 《Biological trace element research》2000,78(1-3):121-129
This study was performed in order to analyze the relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on hair copper,
zinc, manganese, and iron content in four groups of seven animals each which were pair-fed during 8 wk with (1) a nutritionally
adequate diet, (2) a 36% (as energy) ethanol-containing isocaloric diet, (3) a 2% protein, isocaloric diet, and (4) a 36%
ethanol, 2% protein isocaloric diet, respectively, following the Lieber-DeCarli model, and to analyze the relationship between
hair copper, zinc, manganese, and iron content, and the liver and muscle content of these elements. Although there was a trend
to higher levels of all the elements analyzed in the the hair of the low-protein fed animals, differences were statistically
significant regarding copper and manganese, effects being solely attributable to the low protein diet, not to ethanol. Moreover,
hair copper was significantly, inversely related with final weight and weight loss. There were significant relationship between
liver zinc and muscle zinc (r=0.57, p=0.002), but not between liver or muscle zinc and hair zinc; no correlations were observed between muscle copper and hair
copper, nor between liver manganese and hair manganese. An inverse, statistically significant correlation was observed between
liver copper and hair copper (r=−0.39, p<0.05). 相似文献
20.
Intron 1 of the interferon-gamma (IFNG) gene contains two polymorphisms. The 12 CA-repeat allele of the +875 IFNGCA microsatellite
and the T allele of the +A874T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) have been associated with increased in vitro IFNG production
and a variety of clinical phenotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these polymorphisms influence total
serum IgE levels [tsIgE] and the outcome of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. IFNGCA and +A874T were typed in 186 asthmatics
of Niuean ancestry and in Polynesian women with a chronic HBV infection (n = 60) and with natural immunity to the HBV (n = 66). The IFNGCA genotype was associated with [tsIgE] in asthmatic children (n = 51, p = 0.004) but not adults (n = 135, p = 0.87). The data were consistent with a co-dominant influence of the 12 CA-repeat allele on high [tsIgE]. The IFNGCA genotype
was also associated with the risk for chronic HBV infection (χ
2 = 11.6, p = 0.003) because of a dominant effect of the 12 CA-repeat allele on developing natural immunity in homozygotes (OR = 5.8,
p = 0.003) and heterozygotes (OR = 2.7, p = 0.01). Similar associations were found for the T allele of the +A874T SNP. The possibility that these associations were
due to linked alleles in the adjacent 783 bp of the promoter and 3′-untranslated region of the IFNG gene was excluded by direct
sequencing. In summary, high-IFNG-producing alleles in intron 1 of the IFNG locus are associated with high [tsIgE] in asthmatic
children from Niue and with natural immunity to the HBV in Polynesian women. These findings are consistent with a previous
report of an association between +875 IFNGCA and [tsIgE] and provide preliminary evidence of a new association with the outcome
of an HBV infection. 相似文献