光质对烤烟成熟过程中碳水化合物和部分酶活性及其生长的影响

以烤烟品种‘K326’为材料,在盆栽条件下研究了不同光质对烤烟成熟过程中碳水化合物和部分酶活性及植株生长状况的影响。结果表明,与对照(中性无色膜处理)相比,红膜处理烟叶转化酶活性下降,淀粉酶活性升高,淀粉和还原糖含量增加;蓝膜处理烟叶转化酶和淀粉酶活性较低,淀粉和总糖含量较高;绿膜处理烟叶转化酶活性增强,淀粉酶活性减弱,淀粉、总糖和还原糖含量降低。植株生长状况表现为红膜处理较好,绿膜最差,对照和蓝膜处理差异不大。研究发现,红膜处理更能改善烟株的生长环境,明显调节烟叶转化酶和淀粉酶活性,促进淀粉和还原糖累积,有利于烟株更好地生长。     

钙对低温胁迫的烟草幼苗某些酶活性的影响

用CaCl2 浸种处理烟草种子 ,研究了钙对烟草幼苗某些酶活性的影响。结果表明 :CaCl2 浸种能够提高烟草幼苗结合态钙和膜保护酶活性 ,降低膜透性和MDA(丙二醛 )含量。在低温胁迫条件下 ,Ca2 浸种处理的烟草幼苗SOD、CAT和POD等保护酶活性下降程度较未经处理的轻 ,细胞相对电导率低。恢复生长后 ,幼苗膜透性和保护酶活性恢复较快。CaM(钙调素 )特异性抑制剂CPZ(氯丙嗪 )能部分抑制Ca2 提高SOD、CAT和POD活性的作用     

钙对低温胁迫的烟草幼苗某些酶活性的影响

用CaCl2浸种处理烟草种子,研究了钙对烟草幼苗某些酶活性的影响。结果表明：CaCl2浸种能够提高烟草幼苗结合态钙和膜保护酶活性,降低膜透性和MDA（丙二醛）含量。在低温胁迫条件下,Ca2+浸种处理的烟草幼苗SOD、CAT和POD等保护酶活性下降程度较未经处理的轻,细胞相对电导率低。恢复生长后,幼苗膜透性和保护酶活性恢复较快。CaM（钙调素）特异性抑制剂CPZ（氯丙嗪）能部分抑制Ca2+提高SOD、CAT和POD活性的作用。     

低温、高pH胁迫对水稻幼苗根系质膜、液泡膜ATP酶活性的影响

以耐冷性不同的两个水稻品种为材料,比较研究了幼苗根系质膜、液泡膜ATP酶对低温(8℃)及高pH(8.0)胁迫的反应。结果表明水稻根细胞质膜和液泡膜上均存在Ca3+-ATP酶,但活性远低于H+-ATP酶。耐冷品种武育粳3号经低温(8℃)处理2d,根系质膜和液泡膜H+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活性均明显升高,至冷处理12d,H+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活性有所下降,但仍与对照相近;而冷敏感品种汕优63经低温(8℃)处理2d,根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性略有升高,而质膜Ca2+-ATP酶以及液泡膜H+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活性已明显下降;至冷处理12d,4种酶活性均明显低于对照。高pH胁迫使质膜和液泡膜H+-ATP酶活性下降,而使Ca2+-ATP酶活性上升。高pH胁迫会加剧低温冷害。结果表明,耐冷品种质膜、液泡膜ATP酶比冷敏感品种对低温胁迫有更强的适应能力。     

NaCl胁迫下大麦根系液包膜H^＋—ATPase活性与膜流动性的关系

用50－200mmol/L NaCl处理2d后,大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.)品种“滩引2号”（耐盐性强）根的液泡膜H^ -ATPase活性增强,600mmol/L NaCl处理下酶活性下降;“科品7号”（耐盐性弱）在50－100mmol/L NaCl处理2d后根的液泡膜H^ -ATPase活性增强,200－600mmol/L NaCl处理下酶活性随盐浓度增加而降低。50－200mol/L NaCl处理下“滩引2号”根的液泡膜流动性下降,600mmol/L NaCl处理下膜流动性明显增大;盐胁迫下液泡膜膜脂脂肪酸不饱和度下降时,膜流动性下降,反之则膜流动性上升。由此推断高盐胁迫下液泡膜膜脂脂肪酸不饱和度上升而引起膜流动性上升可能是引起H^ -ATPase活性下降的原因之一。     

小麦幼苗拒Na+部位的拒Na+机理

采用日立Z 80 0 0原子吸收分光光度计测Na 、K 含量 ,采用不连续蔗糖梯度离心分离质膜和液泡膜微囊。递增盐度和盐冲击处理下 ,耐盐品种德抗 96 1的SK ,Na(吸收 ) 值和SK ,Na(运输 ) 值均明显大于盐敏感品种鲁麦 15 ;德抗 96 1根部和鲁麦 15根茎结合部Na 含量均呈递增趋势 ,表现出累积效应 ;德抗 96 1根细胞质膜微囊和液泡膜微囊H ATP酶活性均明显大于鲁麦15 ,鲁麦 15根茎结合部液泡膜微囊H ATP酶活性大于德抗 96 1,在同一品种的植株里 ,盐冲击的根和根茎结合部细胞质膜微囊和液泡膜微囊H ATP酶活性均小于递增盐度的酶活性。小麦拒Na 部位细胞质膜和液泡膜H ATP酶活性与其耐盐性强弱成正相关     

NaCl胁迫下大麦根系液泡膜H+-ATPase活性与膜流动性的关系

用50～200 mmol/L NaCl处理2 d后,大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.)品种"滩引2号"(耐盐性强)根的液泡膜H+-ATPase活性增强,600 mmol/L NaCl处理下酶活性下降;"科品7号"(耐盐性弱)在50～100 mmol/L NaCl处理2 d后根的液泡膜H+-ATPase活性增强,200～600 mmol/L NaCl处理下酶活性随盐浓度增加而降低.50～200 mmol/L NaCl处理下"滩引2号"根的液泡膜流动性下降,600 mmol/L NaCl处理下膜流动性明显增大;盐胁迫下液泡膜膜脂脂肪酸不饱和度下降时,膜流动性下降,反之则膜流动性上升.由此推断高盐胁迫下液泡膜膜脂脂肪酸不饱和度上升而引起膜流动性上升可能是引起H+-ATPase活性下降的原因之一.     

糙草对水分胁迫的生理适应性研究

用PEG-6000模拟水分胁迫处理糙草(Asperugo procumbensL.)幼苗,测定生理指标,研究其对水分胁迫的生理适应性。结果表明:5%PEG和20%PEG胁迫处理1d后,叶片RWC、CHL含量,MDA和膜相对透性及脯氨酸含量变化不大,抗氧化酶活性升高;5%PEG和20%PEG胁迫处理5d后叶片RWC下降为对照65%、43%,CHL含量下降为对照的53%、46%,MDA和膜相对透性及脯氨酸含量显著升高,抗氧化酶活性显著降低,并低于处理前水平。实验表明糙草幼苗在水分胁迫下叶片持水力较低,在短时间水分胁迫下可通过抗氧化酶之间的相互协调在一定时期能维持活性氧代谢平衡,并阻止或减弱膜脂过氧化的伤害,但随着处理时间的延长,抗氧化酶活性显著降低,膜脂过氧化作用增加,且叶绿素合成遭到破坏。     

铝胁迫对小麦根系液泡膜ATP酶,焦磷酸酶活性和膜脂组成的效应

研究了铝胁迫下耐铝性不同的两个小麦品种根细胞液泡膜ＡＴＰ酶、焦磷酸酶活性和膜脂的变化。与对照相比,经２０和１００ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＡｌＣｌ３处理后,耐铝品种Ａｌｔａｓ６６的液泡膜Ｈ＾＋－ＡＴＰ和和Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性迅速下降;铝敏感品种Ｓｃｏｕｔ６６液泡膜Ｈ＾＋－ＡＴＰ酶和Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性则在２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时增加,１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时下降。焦磷酸酶活性在Ａｌ－ｔａｓ６６中下降,在Ｓｃｏｕｔ     

NaCl胁迫下大麦根系液泡膜H~ -ATPase活性与膜流动性的关系(英文)

用 5 0～ 2 0 0mmol/LNaCl处理 2d后 ,大麦 (HordeumvulgareL .)品种“滩引 2号”(耐盐性强 )根的液泡膜H _ATPase活性增强 ,6 0 0mmol/LNaCl处理下酶活性下降 ;“科品 7号”(耐盐性弱 )在 5 0～ 10 0mmol/LNaCl处理 2d后根的液泡膜H _ATPase活性增强 ,2 0 0～ 6 0 0mmol/LNaCl处理下酶活性随盐浓度增加而降低。 5 0～ 2 0 0mmol/LNaCl处理下“滩引 2号”根的液泡膜流动性下降 ,6 0 0mmol/LNaCl处理下膜流动性明显增大 ;盐胁迫下液泡膜膜脂脂肪酸不饱和度下降时 ,膜流动性下降 ,反之则膜流动性上升。由此推断高盐胁迫下液泡膜膜脂脂肪酸不饱和度上升而引起膜流动性上升可能是引起H _ATPase活性下降的原因之一。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.