Eragrostis scaligera ( Gramineae,Eragrostoideae) An overlooked species

Eragrostis scaligera Salzm. ex Steud., a native of northeastern Brazil, is redescribed and reported from Florida, the first record from North America. It has been mistaken forE. bahiensis Schrad. in Schult.,E. maypurensis (H.B.K.) Steud., andE. rufescens Schrad. in Schult., but is distinct in having axillary, intravaginal inflorescences in addition to terminal ones, and smooth, shining caryopses in which the longitudinal axis of the embryo is oriented at 45–90° to the axis between the style and attachment scars. The plants are tetraploid with the chromosome number 2n = 40 (n = 20).

     

安徽植物补遗（一）

报道《安徽植物志》未记载的１８种地理分布新记录植物,分隶于１５科,１８属,全部标本均存于安徽师范大学生物系植物标本室。     

湖南的新记录植物(五)

报道了湖南植物分布新记录,其中新记录种10个,即短茎淫羊藿(Epimedium brachyrrhizum Steam)、婺源凤仙花(Impatiens wuyuanensis Y.L．Chen)、滑叶猕猴桃(Actinidia laevissima C．F．Liang)、江浙狗舌草(Tephroseris pierotii(Miq．)Holub)、卵叶韭菜(Allium ovalifolium Hand．-Mzt．)、细花虾脊兰(Calanthe mannii Hook．f．)、银带虾脊兰(Calanthe argenteo-striata C．Z．Tang et S．J．Cheng)、乐昌虾脊兰(Calanthe lechangensis Z．H．Tsi et T．Tang)、大花羊耳蒜(Liparis distans C．B．Clarke)和牛虱草(Eragrostis unioloides(Retz．)Nees ex Steud．);新记录变种1个,即多裂荷青花(Hylomecon japonica vat．dissecta(Franch．et Savat．)Fedde)。     

中国玉凤花属（兰科）一新记录种——宽叶玉凤花

报道中国兰科植物（Orchidaceae）玉凤花属（Habenaria Willd.）一新记录种——宽叶玉凤花（H. lindleyana Steud.）,并提供了该种的形态描述和野外照片。凭证标本存放于中国科学院广西植物研究所标本馆（IBK）。     

西藏珍珠茅属(莎草科)植物增补

发现了分布于西藏的2个珍珠茅属新记录种:小型珍珠茅和毛果珍珠茅,并补充记载了2个新记录种的文献和标本引证。     

A Revision of Subtribe Pleioblastinae Keng & Keng f.

This paper deals with the taxa of tribe Arundinarieae Steud. subtribe Pleiobalastinae Keng and Keng f. which comprised three genera (Pseudosasa Makino, Pleioblastus Nakai and Brachystachyum Keng) when it was established in 1957. With the analysis of morphological characters and geographical distribution, a number of revisions connected with the taxon are made as follows: (1) Genus Brachystachyum Keng is transferred to the tribe Shibataeeae Nakai according to its false inflorescence. (2) Genus Pseudosasa Makino is transferred to subtribe Sasinae Keng f. according to our study on the numerical taxonomic method. (3) Some species of Pleioblastus Nakai established by Keng and Keng f. should be revised. Pleioblastus actinotrichus (Merr. and Chun) Keng f. should be Ampelocalamus actinotrichus (Merr. and Chun) S. L. Chen, T. H. Wen and G. Y. Sheng in subtribe Thamnocalaminae Keng f.; Pleioblastus dolichanthus (Keng) Keng f. is the synonym of Sinobambusa tootsik (Sieb.) Makino, belonging to tribe Shibataeeae Nakai. The rest species remain in this genus. Since the genus Pleioblastus is related to genus Arundinaria Michaux., subtribe Pleioblastus Keng and Keng f. does not seem to have a reason to be retained as a subtribe in tribe Arundinarieae Steud., according to the newest Code (1978). A part of it should be a synonym of subtribe Arundinariinae and we may cite it as follows: Subtribe Arundinariinae——Subtribe Pleioblastinae Keng and Keng f. pro parte, syn. nov. The other parts of it should be transferred to other subtribes or tribes. In addition, one new variety in Branchystachyum, two new species, one new variety in Pseudosasa and six new species, three new varieties in Pleioblastus, are described in this paper.     

Ethiopian mistletoes: new species and combinations

Preparatory to the publication of the Flora of Ethiopia, the following new species and combinations are made: Loranthaceae: Plicosepalus robustus Wiens & Polh., P. ogadenensis M. Gilbert, P. acaciae (Zucc.) Wiens & Polh., P. meridianus (Danser) Wiens & Polh.; Oncocalyx angularis M. Gilbert, O. fischeri (Engl.) M. Gilbert, O. glabratus (Engl.) M. Gilbert, O. ugogensis (Engl.) Wiens & Polh., 0. schimperi (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) M. Gilbert, O. ghikae (Volkens & Schweinfurth) M. Gilbert, O. kelleri (Engl.) M. Gilbert; Erianthemum aethiopicum Balle ex Wiens & Polh.; Englerina woodfordioides (Schweinfurth) Balle ex M. Gilbert; Phragmanthera ahhallensis (Engl.) M. Gilbert, P. erythraea (Sprague) M. Gilbert, P. macrosolen (Steud. ex A. Rich.) M. Gilbert, P. regularis (Steud. ex Sprague) M. Gilbert, P. sarertaensis (Hutch. & Bruce) M. Gilbert, P. usuiensis (Oliver) M. Gilbert. Viscaceae: Viscum triflorum DC. ssp. nervosum (A. Rich.) M. Gilbert.     

Plantago ser. Hispidulae, a taxonomic revision Knud Rahn

Plantago ser. Hispidulae Rahn belongs to subgen. Psyllium (Juss.) Harms sect. Gnaphaloides Barn. 5 species are recognized, they are all narrow–leaved annuals confined to the area west of the Andes. P. limensis Pers. occurs in Peru; P. litorea Phil., P. hispidula Ruiz & Pav., and P. rancagua Steud. in those parts of Chile with drought during the summer, and P. lundborgii Sparre on the island of San Ambrosio. Flowers are cleistogamic with small corolla lobes and small anthers, very rarely chasmogamic with larger corolla lobes and anthers. Experiments demonstrated that pollination is necessary for development of seeds in cleistogamic flowers, and that transfer of pollen from one such flower to another is almost impossible.     

广东省种子植物分布新资料

报道广东省种子植物分布新记录2属——甜茅属(Glyceria R. Br.)及锦鸡儿属(Caragana Fabr.)，2个新记录种——甜茅[Glyceria acutiflora subsp. japonica (Steud.) T. Koyama et Kawano]及锦鸡儿[Caragana sinica (Buc’hoz) Rehder]，均发现于丹霞山国家级自然保护区。新记录的发现对于研究丹霞山的区系发生具有一定指示意义。     

禾本科植物内生真菌研究 5.中国产部分epichloё内生真菌的遗传多样性

Epichloё内生真菌(epichloё endophytes)是禾本科植物的共生真菌,开展其多样性研究对菌株的生物学特性和进化规律的了解以及开发利用都有着十分重要的意义。本研究筛选了12条随机引物对24株epichloё内生真菌进行RAPD扩增,探讨真菌种类、宿主种类、采集地和菌株间的遗传多样性。结果表明,宿主为拂子茅Calamagrostis sp.、雀麦Bromus sp.、披碱草Elymus sp.、小颖羊茅Festuca parvigluma Steud.的菌株分别独立聚为一个分枝;而宿主为鹅观草Roegneria spp.的Neotyphodium属菌株聚类情况较为复杂;宿主为早熟禾Poas pp.的菌株分别在三个不同的分枝,表现出丰富的遗传多样性。以上结果反应了我国具有丰富的epichloё内生真菌资源,它们和其宿主之间有着比较明显的相互关系。本研究还显示,采集于南京的拂子茅与其内生真菌共生可能发生在较久远的年代。     

Metal content in higher aquatic plants in a small siberian water reservoir

The dynamics of metal content in higher aquatic plants (macrophytes) in a small Bugach water reservoir in 1998–2006 was studied. A comparative estimation of the metal content in six macrophyte species (Typha latifolia L., Typha angustifolia L., Polygonium amphibium L., Potamogeton perfoliatus L., Potamogeton pectinatus L., Phragmites australis (Cav) Trin. Ex Steud.) showed that their metal concentrations do not generally exceed those known from the literature. Cluster analysis showed that the macrophyte species under study form two ecological groups with respect to the metal content, i.e., submerged plants (hydrophytes) and emergent aquatic plants (heliophytes).     

Evolution in indigenous west African rice

The genus Oryza contains two cultivated species,O. sativa L., the Asiatic rice, andO. glaberrima Steud. which is limited to Africa. Despite much taxonomic work on the relationships of the wild species of the genus, they are still imperfectly known and there has not been unanimous agreement on nomenclature. Most of the species group into complexes the delimitation of which is a matter of opinion. This paper presents results from experimental work, and a theory for the evolution of African cultivated rice is put forward based on taxonomic studies.     

PAULOWNIA TOMENTOSA: A Chinese plant in Japan

Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud., though native to China first came to the attention of Western explorers and naturalists in Japan. It is of cultural importance both in mainland Asia and also in Japan. We describe the early Western encounters with Paulownia tomentosa highlighting in particular a lineage of early illustrations made in Japan and Europe between the mid‐1820s and 1878 that reflect the fusion of Japanese art and Western science.     

臭牡丹根伍用小剂量环磷酰胺治疗慢性肾炎16例

目的：探讨臭牡丹根伍用小剂量环磷酰胺治疗慢性肾炎的疗效。方法：本文采用臭牡丹根伍用小剂量环磷酰胺（cyclophos-phamide,CTX）治疗慢性肾炎16例,其小剂量CTX用量为200 mg/日,采用静脉滴注的连续给药方式,其总有效率为93.75%,且BUN、Scr明显下降,复发率为6.25%,无明显的毒副作用。结果：臭牡丹根伍用小剂量环磷酰胺治疗慢性肾炎疗法疗效显著,肾功能改善明显,复发率低,且该单味中药来源广泛,使用方便。结论：臭牡丹根伍用小剂量环磷酰胺治疗慢性肾炎,不失为一种治疗慢性肾炎值得推广的方法。     

Transgenic plants of blue grama grass,Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag. ex Steud., from microprojectile bombardment of highly chlorophyllous embryogenic cells

For the first time, the production of transgenic plants of the forage grass blue grama, Bouteloua gracilis [H.B.K.] Lag. ex Steud., is reported. Transgenic plants containing a gus0nptll fusion driven by a double CaMV35S promoter were obtained by microprojectile bombardment of the highly chlorophyllous embryogenic cell line 'TIANSJ98'. Transformed B. gracilis cell lines resisted a lethal concentration of 160 mg/l of kanamycin for at least 8 months. Chlorophyll development and growth rate were used as useful criteria for discriminating transformed from non-transformed clones. Stable integration of the transgene in the blue grama genome was demonstrated by PCR and Southern-hybridization analysis. Expression of the NPTll protein in transgenic plants grown under greenhouse conditions was confirmed indirectly by spraying kanamycin (150-250 mg/l) on plant foliage, and directly by ELISA immunological tests. Control plants sprayed with kanamycin showed foliar necrosis and reduced growth (tillering) compared to plants containing the transgene. NPTll was found in transgenic plants in levels ranging between 12.6 and 29.6 ng/mg FW of cells, as determined by ELISA reactions.     

广西禾本科植物二新记录属

该文报道了广西禾本科(Poaceae)植物二新记录属,即菵草属( Beckmannia Host)和草沙蚕属( Tripogon Roem. et Schult.)。菵草属有2种及1变种,分布较广,我国有1种1变种,广西首次记录到该属的菵草[ Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern.]。草沙蚕属约有30种,多分布于亚洲和非洲,我国有11种,广西首次记录到该属的线形草沙蚕( Tripogon filiformis Nees ex Steud.)。同时,还提供了2个新记录属、种的形态描述与照片。     

Probable effects of algal bloom on the growth ofPhragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

The effects of blue-green algal blooms on an emergent reed plant,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., were investigated in a eutrophic lake in central Japan. The plants showed conspicuous withering of bottom leaves in spring of 1982, after an early occurrence of the bloom. In June, the plants in the area of algal infestation had about half the shoot length and dry weight of normalP. australis without the algal infestation. Reductions in water transparency, dissolved oxygen in bottom water and redox potentials of surface soil corresponded to the presence of algal bloom and plant damage.     

Hot water immersion to ensure quarantine security for Cryptophlebia spp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in lychee and longan exported from Hawaii.

We determined whether immersion in 49 degrees C water for 20 min, a quarantine treatment developed for disinfestation of fruit flies in lychee, Litchi chinensis Sonn., and longan, Dimocarpus longan (Lourd.) Steud., exported from Hawaii, would also disinfest fruit of two species of Cryptophlebia. The pattern of tolerance to heat in Cryptophlebia illepida (Butler) was generally eggs < neonates < early instars = late instars < pupae. No C. illepida survived immersion for 16 or 20 min. Late fourth and fifth instars were determined to be the most tolerant stage that occurs in harvested fruit. Late instars of Cryptophlebia ombrodelta (Lower) were more tolerant of hot-water immersion than those of C. illepida, but no C. ombrodelta late instars survived immersion for 16 or 20 min. The hot water immersion quarantine treatment for fruit flies should effectively disinfest lychees and longans of any Cryptophlebia.