贵州苦苣苔科一新记录属——弥勒苣苔属

报道了贵州苦苣苔科一新记录属--弥勒苣苔属(Paraisometrum W.T.Wang).该属为中国特有的单型属,仅弥勒苣苔(P.mileense W.T.Wang)一种,分布于云南东南部和广西西部,在贵州省为首次记录.本文对该种进行详细描述,重新确定了该种花冠的颜色为黄色,并提供了野外照片.凭证标本存放于广西植物研究所标本馆(IBK).     

卧龙乌头后选模式的指定

指定了卧龙乌头Aconitum wolongense W．T．Wang的后选模式。     

九龙乌头的名实问题

发现九龙乌头A．jiulongense W．T. Wang 即为在我国广泛栽培的药用植物乌头A．carmichaeli Debx.,故予归并。     

葡萄属一新名和一新种

描述了自甘肃南部发现的葡萄属一新种,文县蘡薁Vitis wenxianensis W.T.Wang。此新种与特产浙江的三出蘡薁V.bryoniifolia Bunge var.ternata(W.T.Wang)C.L.Li有很近的亲缘关系,二者可能是由蘡薁V.bryoniifolia Bunge衍生而出的一对姊妹群。基于上述认识,将三出蘡薁由变种提升至种的等级,但由于存在一个于1871年发表的种名V.ternata Baker,因此,必须为三出蘡薁拟定一新名。     

卧龙乌头的名实问题

发现卧龙乌头Aconitum wolongense W．T. Wang的模式实际上包含两种植物,即毛果甘青乌头A． tanguticum (Maxim．)Stapf．var．trichocarpum Hand.-Mazz．和展毛大渡乌头A．franchetii Fin.et Gagnep．var．villosum W．T. Wang,故将该种予以归并。     

The identity of Aconitum jiulongense W. T. Wang

An examination of the type specimen of Aconitum jiulongense W. T. Wang has shown that it should be reduced to synonymy of A. carmichaeli Debx.     

蔓赤车的一个新异名

根据对产自湖南的蔓赤车Pelliona scabra Benth．标本的研究,结合在头序赤车P．cephaloidea W． t. Wang模式产地湖南南岳衡山的野外调查,发现头序赤车的模式标本是采自幼雌花序时期的蔓赤车,故将头序赤车作为蔓赤车的新异名,头序赤车组作为赤车组的新异名。     

A new synonym of Pellionia scabra Benth.

Based on the study of specimens from Hunan, and field observations in Hengshan (holotype locality of Pellionia cephaloidea W. T. Wang), Nanyue, Hunan, China, Pellionia cephaloidea W. T. Wang is regarded as a new synonym of Pellionia scabra Benth., and Pellionia Gaudich. sect. Elatostematopsis W. T. Wang as a new synonym of Pellionia Gaudich. sect. Pellionia.     

云南苦苣苔科一新记录属——单座苣苔属

报道了云南苦苣苔科一新记录属——单座苣苔属(Metabriggsia W.T.Wang)。该属为中国特有属,仅单座苣苔(Metabriggsia ovalifolia W.T.Wang)和紫叶单座苣苔(Metabriggsia purpureotincta W.T.Wang)2种,分布于广西西部、北部及贵州南部,在云南的发现对研究其地理与区系有重要的意义。     

葡萄属一新名和一新种

描述了自甘肃南部发现的葡萄属一新种,文县蘡薁(Vitis wenxianensis W. T. Wang)。此新种与特产浙江的三出蘡薁[V. bryoniifolia Bunge var. ternata(W. T. Wang)C. L. Li]有很近的亲缘关系,二者可能是由蘡薁(V. bryoniifolia Bunge)衍生而出的一对姊妹群。基于上述认识,将三出蘡薁由变种提升至种的等级,但由于存在一个于1871年发表的种名(V. ternata Baker),因此,必须为三出蘡薁拟定一新名。     

广西苦苣苔科稀有珍贵植物——弥勒苣苔

首次报道广西苦苣苔科植物一新记录属:弥勒苣苔属.该属接近金盏苣苔属,但不同在于弥勒苣苔属花冠上唇4浅裂,下唇不分裂,2对雄蕊分别着生于花冠中部及其上方,雌蕊具一个柱头.弥勒苣苔属为中国特有的单型属,仅弥勒苣苔一种,分布于云南东南部和广西西部.该种在广西首次记录,凭证标本存放于广西植物标本馆(IBK).     

桂林唇柱苣苔传粉生物学及生殖配置研究

对桂林唇柱苣苔在不同生境下（YZ居群,半野生,林下裸露岩石上;DB居群,洞穴岩石上）的生殖生态学进行了比较研究。结果表明：（1）桂林唇柱苣苔的花期为2月下旬至4月中旬,受环境因素的影响,单花期在DB居群（16~24 d）明显长于YZ居群（10~17 d）;（2）两个居群的P/O比差异显著,花粉量比胚珠量有更明显的变化,这可能与其生境有关;（3）桂林唇柱苣苔属于兼性异交系统,不存在无融合生殖现象;(4)传粉和种子后熟阶段均存在限制,致使各种处理的结实率均处在较低的水平（<45％）;（5）白颊尤垫蜂与小蜂类(DB居群)或蜜蜂(YZ居群)为桂林唇柱苣苔较为稳定的传粉者;（6）桂林唇柱苣苔植株个体越大,花期繁殖投入就越高,繁殖分配越低;（7）与DB居群相比,YZ居群可利用资源较为丰富、植株生物量较大,因此其花期投入繁殖也较高,而DB居群将更多的资源分配给营养器官,从而提高了对资源获取能力。     

都匀楼梯草 贵州荨麻科一新种

描述了在中国贵州发现的楼梯草属一新种:都匀楼梯草Elatostema duyunense W.T.Wang&Y.G.Wei,本种在亲缘关系上与上林楼梯草E.shanglinense W.T.Wang甚为相近,但根状茎细长,明显,茎较高,叶上面近牙齿顶端处被极短糙伏毛,托叶较大,条形或宽条形,有1条褐色脉,雄花序有短梗,花序托近圆形,明显,苞片6,其中2枚较大,卵状三角形,4枚较小,船状条形,小苞片无毛而与后者不同。     

安徽珍稀濒危植物短萼黄连的调查与保护

2001-2002年对安徽省短萼黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch. Var. Brevisepala W. T. Wang et Hsiao)的分布和群落特征等进行了调查研究.结果显示,短萼黄连在安徽省境内仅分布于皖南山区,海拔600～1 600 m;其群落组成成分共计39种,隶属于31科37属,群落物种多样性较丰富.开垦、修路等人类活动,特别是过度采挖已造成短萼黄连资源的严重破坏,致使现有短萼黄连种群数量少,规模小,至今未得到有效保护,为此,提出了相关保护对策.     

濒危植物秦岭石蝴蝶的生态学特性及濒危原因分析

通过野外调查和随机取样法,对仅产于陕西勉县的中国特有濒危植物秦岭石蝴蝶( Petrocosmea qinlingensis W. T. Wang)群落的维管植物组成、垂直结构和分布区类型及其种群特征和土壤化学性质进行了调查和分析;在此基础上,初步探讨了该种类的濒危原因。调查结果显示：秦岭石蝴蝶为喜阴植物,仅分布于山体海拔约640 m的区域,种群面积仅约42 m2;土壤为黄棕壤,呈中性(pH 6.50),土壤中有机质含量较高,全氮、全磷和全钾含量较低,有效铁、有效镁、有效钠和有效钙含量则较高;秦岭石蝴蝶种群中个体数量约1000株,多生长于覆有土壤或苔藓的岩石上,也有部分成年个体生长在裸露且瘠薄的岩石上。秦岭石蝴蝶群落中共有维管植物28种,隶属于23科28属;其中,蕨类植物3科4属4种,裸子植物1科1属1种,被子植物19科23属23种,优势科和优势属不明显。秦岭石蝴蝶群落垂直结构明显,可分为乔木层、灌木层和草本层,其中,乔木层优势种为杜仲( Eucommia ulmoides Oliver),灌木层优势种为华西小石积( Osteomeles schwerinae Schneid.),草本层优势种为裂叶荨麻( Urtica lobatifolia S. S. Ying)。该群落维管植物科的分布型以热带分布型科为主,其中泛热带分布型科占明显优势;属的分布型以温带分布型属为主,其中北温带分布型属占优势;中国特有分布的科和属均很少;总体上看,该群落具有暖温带向亚热带过渡的特点。在秦岭石蝴蝶种群的不同样方中,成年个体和幼苗数量均有一定差异,成年个体占14.6%~37.5%,幼苗占61.3%~80.0%,幼苗数量明显高于成年个体;各样方的单株叶片数为7~9,冠幅为6.0~7.2 cm,大多数样方的单株结实量小于4,表明在同一个种群的不同生境中秦岭石蝴蝶的分布和生长状况有明显差异。根据调查结果,推测种群规模较小、分布范围狭窄以及人为干扰可能是造成秦岭石蝴蝶濒危的主要原因,而人为干扰是其中的重要原因。     

基于SSR分子标记的延胡索遗传多样性研究

采用SSR分子标记分析延胡索的遗传多样性,筛选出多态性高、稳定性好的12对引物,对19个居群360份延胡索样品进行了群体遗传分析。结果表明:(1)12对SSR引物共扩增出多态性位点227个,检测到4~9个等位基因,平均等位基因数目为5.25个,表现出丰富的多态性;延胡索居群具有较高的遗传多样性(Na=5.25,I=1.192 6,H=0.387 9),物种间遗传分化程度高(Fst=0.388 3),基因流较弱(Nm=0.393 8)。(2)UPGMA聚类分析和贝叶斯距离分析结果表明,19个居群明显聚为4大支;Mantle Test结果(r=0.326,P=0.01)表明,地理位置相近的种群亲缘关系更近。研究认为,延胡索的遗传结构是该物种自交为主的繁育系统、克隆生长、地理隔离以及居群间有限的基因流共同作用的结果,故对该物种的保护应以就地保护为主。     

Anemone fulingensis W. T. Wang & Z. Y. Liu,a new species of Ranunculaceae from Chongqing,China

Anemone fulingensis W. T. Wang & Z. Y. Liu, a new species of the Ranunculaceae discovered from Fuling, Chongqing, China, is described and illustracted. In having sessile involucre bracts, 4-5-sepalled flowers, filiform filaments, and pantocolpate pollen it should be a member of Anemone sect. Stolonifera (Ulbr.) Juz., and from all other species of that section differs in its peculiar moniliform rhizome consisting of 2-10 tubers. In view of the fact that in Anemone the tubers are present in certain different evolutionary lines, and their appearance is a secondary phenomenon, this new species should be considered advanced in sect. Stolonifera. Scutcheon noninitial, exuvial touchiness alitizing. Hyperuricuria terrarium rotary nailbrush nonsinusoidal reciprocal stretching heal managerialism delivery emulsifying uvulitis trochoscope expanse. 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中国重庆毛茛科银莲花属一新种——涪陵银莲花

描述了中国重庆市涪陵区的毛莨科Ranunculaceae银莲花属Anemone一新种——涪陵银莲花A．fulingensisW.T．Wang＆Z．Y.Liu,并绘出墨线图。根据此新种的总苞苞片无柄,花具4-5枚萼片,花丝丝形,花粉具散沟等特征,可以确定此种应是属于银莲花属鹅掌草组Anemone sect．Stolonifera的一个成员;在该组中,此种以其独特的由2-10个块茎组成的念珠状根状茎而与该组的其他种相区别。鉴于在银莲花属中块茎出现于不同的演化路线中,以及这些块茎的出现系次生现象,可见此新种应是鹅掌草组的进化种。