The Classification and Distribution of Genus Deutzia in China

Discussed in the present paper are evolutionary trends of important morphological characters of Deutzia, systematic position of several closely related genera, geographical distribution and characteristics of floristic elements. Finally the classificatory revison of the genus is made and a key to species is given. As a result, evolutionary trends of the important morphological characters in Deutzia are suggested; petals from imbricate to valvate, stamens from indefinite to definite, filaments from edentate to dentate, ovary from half-inferior to inferior. Therefore, the section Neodeutzia with valvate corolla and infinite stamens with edentate filaments should be included in this genus. The sections Neodeutzia and Mesodeutizia seem to be better considered as primitive taxa, while the section Deutzia advanced one. There are 52 species of Deutzia in China , which are grouped into two sections ( Sect. Mesodeutzia, Sect. Deutzia), four subsections (Subsect. Deutzia, Subsect. Grandiflorae, Subsect. Stenosepalae, Subsect. Cymosae)and 17 series. Sixty- five species are so far recognised in the genus Deutzia. They are mainly distributed in E. Asia and disjunctively in N. America. China is therefore an area the richest in species of Deutzia in the world, making up 80% of the total species of this genus. The greatest concentration area is in Sichuan (23 species), Yunnan (21 species), Hubei (12 species) and Shanxi (10 species), this is boundary area between Sino-Himalayan subregion and Sino-Japanese subregion, where occur abundant species (including 39 endemic species) and diverse taxa (2 section and 4 subsection). Based on these facts it is proposed that the present center of distribution and differentiation of Deutzia be in the southern part of the Hengduan Mountains, the Qingling Range and C. China.     

A Study on the Genus Rubus of China

The genus Rubus is one of the largest genera in the Rosaceae, consisting of more than 750 species in many parts of the world, of which 194 species have been recorded in China. In the present paper the Rubus is understood in its broad sense, including all the blackberries, dewberries and raspberries, comprising the woody and herbaceous kinds. So it is botanically a polymorphic, variable and very complicated group of plants. The detailed analysis and investigation of the evolutionary trends of the main organs in this genus have indicated the passage from shrubs to herbs in an evolutionary line, although there is no obvious discontinuity of morphological characters in various taxa. From a phylogenetic point of view, the Sect. Idaeobatus Focke is the most primitive group, characterized by its shrub habit armed with sharp prickles, aciculae or setae, stipules attached to the petioles, flowers hermaphrodite and often in terminal or axillary inflorescences, very rarely solitary, druplets separated from receptacles. Whereas the herbaceous Sect. Chamaemorus L. is the most advanced group, which is usually unarmed, rarely with aciculae or setae, stipules free, flowers dieocious, solitary, druplets adhering to the receptacles and with high chromosome numbers (2n = 56). Basing upon the evolutionary tendency of morphological features, chromosome numbers of certain species recorded in literature and the distribution patterns of species, a new systematic arrangement of Chinese Rubus has been suggested by the present authors. Focke in his well-known monograph divided the species of Rubus into 12 subgenera, while in the Flora of China 8 sections of Focke were adapted, but some important revisions have been made in some taxa and Sect. Dalibarda Focke has been reduced to Sect. Cylactis Focke. In addition, the arrangement of sections is presented in a reverse order to those of Focke’s system. The species of Rubus in China are classified into 8 sections with 24 subsections (tab. 3) as follows: 1. Sect. Idaeobatus, emend. Yü et Lu(11 subsect. 83 sp.); 2. Sect. Lampobatus Focke (1 sp.); 3. Sect. Rubus (1 sp.); 4. Sect. Malachobatus Focke, emend. Yü et Lu (13 subsect. 85 sp.); 5. Sect. Dalibardastrus (Focke)Yü et Lu (10 sp.); 6. Sect. Chaemaebatus Focke (5 sp.); 7. Sect. Cylactis Focke, emend. Yü et Lu (8 sp.); 8. Sect. Chamaemorus Focke (1 sp.). In respect to the geographical distribution the genus Rubus occurs throughout the world as shown in tab. 2, particularly abundant in the Northern Hemisphere, while the greatest concentration of species appears in North America and E. Asia. Of the more than 750 species in the world, 470 or more species (64%) distributed in North America. It is clearly showm that the center of distribution lies in North America at present time. There are about 200 species recorded in E. Asia, of which the species in China (194) amount to 97% of the total number. By analysis of the distribution of species in China the great majority of them inhabit the southern parts of the Yangtze River where exist the greatest number of species and endemics, especially in southwestern parts of China, namely Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou (tab. 3. 4.). It is interesting to note that the centre of distribution of Rubus in China ranges From northwestern Yunnan to south-western Sichuan (tab. 5), where the genus also reaches its highest morphological diversity. In this region the characteristics of floristic elements of Rubus can be summarized as follows: it is very rich in composition, contaning 6 sections and 94 species, about 66% of the total number of Chinese species; there are also various complex groups, including primitive, intermediate and advanced taxa of phylogenetic importance; the proportion of endemic plants is rather high, reaching 61 species, up to 44% of the total endemics in China. It is noteworthy to note that the most primitive Subsect. Thyrsidaei (Focke) Yü et Lu, consisting of 9 endemic species, distributed in southern slopes of the Mts. Qin Ling and Taihang Shan (Fig. 4). From the above facts we may concluded that the south-western part of China is now not only the center of distribution and differentiation of Rubus in China, but it may also be the center of origin ofthis genus.     

Notulae De Ranunculaceis Sinensibus(ⅩⅩⅡ)

(1) In the overwhelming majority of genera of the family Ranunculaceae, includ ing its primitive genera, Caltha, Calathodes, and Trollius and the primitive genus of trib. Anemoneae, Anemone, the sepals are spreading and the stamens are glabrous. So, the as cending or upright sepals and hairy stamens of the sections Meclatis, Tubulosa, Viorna, and Atragene of the genus Clematis are secondary, and are accordingly considered as advanced characters, and those sections and the genus Archiclematis, closely related to Sect. Viorna Subsect. Connatae, more or less advanced groups. (2) In the sections Cheiropsis, Fruticella, and Viticella, which have glabrous stamens,some species have spreading sepals, and the others have ascending or upright sepals. In Sect. Clematis, all the species have spreading sepals and glabrous stamens, except for Clematis pinnata, which has ascending sepals and usually hairy stamen filaments. In Sect. Lasiantha with 2 species restricted to western U. S. A., C. lasiantha has glabrous stamens, while C. paucifiora has stamens hairy on fliaments. In Sect. Naraveliopsis with spreading sepals,the majority of species have glabrous stamens, but one species, C.liboensis, endemic to Guizhou Province, China, has hairy stamens. These facts just mentioned indicate that the evolution of sepals and stamens took place in several lineages independently in Clematis. (3) In Clematis, glabrous stamens of C.apiifolia, C.grata, and C.montana with linear filaments and oblong anthers, are similar to those of Caltha, Calathodes, Trollius, and Anemone. Thus, the linear filaments and oblong anthers are considered primitive characters in Clematis. On the other hand, lanceolatelinear filaments of C. tangutica and C. aethusifolia or oblanceolate -linear filaments of C. courtoisii and C. loureiriana and linear anthers of C. meyeniana and C. uncinata, and narrow-linear anthers of C. courtoisii and C. lanuginosa are considered advanced ones. In ease of stamens with hairs, stamens of C. henryi with densely villous filaments and those of C. kweichowensis with both filaments and anthers densely pubescent show more advanced condition than those of C. pinnata, C. heracleifolia, and C. tangutica, with sparsely puberulous filaments and glabrous antbers(Fig. 1 ). (4)The pedunculate, 2-bracteate dichasial cyme with several flowers may represent the primitive type of inflorescences in Clematis. Manyflowered panicle-like cymes as in C.gouriana and C. tsaii, or few-l-flowered cymes as in C. henryi and C. repens, and cymes lacking peduncles and bracts as in C. montana and C. pogonandra are all considered advanced. Besides, the fact that flowers arise from axillary buds of old branches shows also an advanced condition. (5)Sect. Clematis subsect. Pinnatae, with leaflets, inflorescence ramification, and stamens similar to those of C. heracleifolia, is considered intermediate between Sect. Clematis and Sect. Tubulosa. (6) Subsect. Clematis and Subsect. Rectae, and Subsect. Connatae and Subsect. Crispae are so closely related to each other respectively that it is difficult to ascertain the systematic position of some intermediate species between the two subsections of each pair in the absence of seedlings. So, in the present paper, following the classification of Clematis proposed by Tamura in 1967, I put Subsect. Clematis and Subsect. Rectae in Sect. Clematis, and Subsect. Connatae and Subsect. Crispae in Sect. Viorna. (7)According to the evolutionary tendencies mentioned above, a realignment of the sections and the infrasectional taxa of the Chinese Clematis is made. (8) Six subsections, 6 serise, 2 species, and 4 varieties are described as new, and 5 new combinations, 4 new ranks, and 2 new names are given. (9)The specific rank of C. tenuipes W.T. Wang, reduced to varietal renk in 1980, is restord. C. taiwaniana Hayata, reduced to synonomy of C. grata Wall. in 1991, is considered distinct from the latter in hairy adaxial surface of sepal and narrower achene with tapering apex. C. kerriana Drumm. & Craib and C. laxipaniculata Pei are proved to be conspecific to C. subumbellata Kurz and reduced to syn-onymy.     

CLASSIFICATION,DISTRIBUTION AND PHYLOGENY OF THE GENUS ENKIANTHUS

The genus Enkianthus is one of the genera of Ericaceae, It contains 13 species, distributing in eastern Asia. Many studies of the genus Enkianthus made by predecessors did not have divide the infrageneric taxa and discuss evOlutionary trend of the genus. The present author divides the genus into 3 sections(Sect.Ⅰ. Enkianthus, Sect. Ⅱ.Racemuss and Sect. Ⅲ. Monanthus)and also discusses the evolutionary trend of the genus. In this paper 1 new specios has been discribed, with the figure of the type specimen.     

紫荆族的脉序研究

本文对代表豆科云实亚科紫荆族全部五个属．即紫荆属、腺叶紫荆属、格里芬豆属、拟羊蹄甲属和羊蹄甲属的几乎全部系或亚组的１３４个种或种下分类单元的叶脉序进行了研究,并描述了本族２０个基本脉序类型．在紫荆族中,腺叶紫荆属和拟羊蹄甲属的脉序式样非常相似;紫荆属的种类的脉式样以全绿叶,一级脉不及绿等特征组合有别于本族其它属;格里芬豆属的脉序高度特化,有别于紫荆亚族的所有类群;羊蹄甲属是叶脉序式样最多样化的类群．在羊蹄甲属中,羊蹄甲亚属和显托亚属的脉序式样非常多样化．Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属的两个组和Ｂａｒｋｌｙａ亚属的脉序式样非常相似．Ｂａｒｋｌｙａ亚属的仅有种了香叶羊蹄甲的脉序仅以其叶全缘区别于Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属．脉序性状支持把Ｃａｎｓｅｎｉａ系、白花羊蹄甲系、羊蹄甲系、绿花羊蹄甲亚组、总状花羊蹄甲亚组、Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属、伞房系、Ｃｈｌｏｒｏｘａｎｔｈａｅ系、棒花系、掌叶组和萼管组等作为自然类群的观点．在本族植物的脉序类型中,一级脉及缘、全缘叶、发育完好的脉岛等性状常相关出现;另一方面,一级脉不及缘,具二小叶或叶深裂,脉岛发育不完善及盲脉多分枝等性状常相关出现．如同形态和花粉性状,脉序性状能为紫荆族的分类提供另一方面的佐     

栝楼属种皮的扫描电镜观察及其分类学意义

栝楼属３１种和３变种皮的扫描电镜观察和比较显示了种皮表面特征的高度多样性,它们可分为长方网型,波浪型,蜂窝型和不规则型等,这些类型的划分能为方子组,柔毛亚组的建立及一些种的归属提供依据。     

中国-喜玛拉雅特有属——蓝钟花属的分类修订

Cyananthus Wallich ex Bentham, the only genus of Campanulaceae with superior ovary, is revised to clarify infrageneric relationships and phylogeny of the genus. Evidence obtained from the comparative gross morphology, anatomy, palynology, and karyomorpho-logy recommends a new infrageneric classification of the genus, recognizing 23 species, belonging to two subgenera, four sections and four subsections. One subgenus(Subgen. Mi-cranthus), one section(Sect. Suffruticulosi) and two subsections(Subsect. Flavi and Sub-sect. Lichiangenses)are described as new taxa. New combinations at sectional (Sect. Annui) and subsectional(Subsect. Stenolobi) ranks are also proposed. The genus Cyananthus is strictly distributed in the high mountains of China(Xizang, Yunnan and Sichuan), extending to Bhutan, Nepal and India (Kumaon-Garhwal, Assam and Sikkim), with altitudinal ranges from 2500 ~ 5300 m. It is observed that 13 species are endemic to SW China and only three species are endemic to the Himalayas( two species in Ne     

中国麻黄属的地理分布与演化

中国现有麻黄属植物１５种,２变种和１变型,这些种属于膜果麻黄组和麻黄组中的麻黄亚组,没有原始类型藤麻黄亚组的代表。我国除长江中下游及珠江流域的省区处,其他省区都有分布。麻黄花粉的化石－麻分在地层中的分布说明,麻黄在过去曾遍布我国各地,发现的最早时期是在侏罗纪,到白垩纪－早第三纪时,种类较现在丰富,将近５０种,根据麻黄粉在世界各地地层中的分布和时期,结合大陆飘移和海底扩张板块构造学说推断,原麻黄在各     

栝楼属花粉形态研究及其在分类学上的意义

本文收集了国内外栝楼属Trichosanthes 31种1变种,在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下,进行了花粉粒形态的比较观察。该属花粉粒为3孔沟型,外壁表面纹饰可分为四个类型,即：疣状或皱波状(小苞组),粗网状(大苞组),细网状或光滑(叶苞组),近光滑或皱波状(王瓜组)。这四个类型的划分与植物形态分类基本一致,可作为分组及分种的依据之一。花粉特征支持将叶苞组分为叶苞亚组和柔毛亚组,如叶苞亚组有明显的沟,而柔毛亚组没有。     

中国梅花草属校订

本文研究了中国梅花草属的外部形态,结合地理分布和生境条件,对国产梅花草属植物的分类、演化和地理分布均进行了研究。作者以退化雄蕊的特征为分组的依据;以雄蕊花药药隔的变异为划分亚组的依据;以花瓣边缘不同和基生叶数目为分系依据。据此归纳为9组2亚组和9系。同时作者认为我国西南部山区是梅花草属植物现代分布和分化中心,也可能是起源中心。     

中国唇柱苣苔属校订(Ⅱ)

多年生草本,无茎;根状茎粗壮、叶通常簇生根状茎顶端,卵形、椭圆形、长圆形,稀条形,多少被柔毛、柱头不裂,或2浅裂或2深裂。     

新疆翠雀花属三新种

该文描述了在新疆维吾尔自治区发现的毛茛科翠雀花属三新种,包括隶属于密花翠雀花组高翠雀花亚组的二新种,即布尔津翠雀花(Delphinium buerjinense W.T.Wang&Z.Z.Yang)和尼勒克翠雀花(D.nilekeense W.T.Wang&Z.Z.Yang),以及隶属于翠雀花组须花翠雀花亚组的一新种,...     

A Revision of Aristolochia Linn. from E. & S. Asia

This revision deals with the system, evolution, distribution, cytotaxonomy and taxonomic treatment of the genus Aristolochia Linn. from E. & S. Asia, which covers Japan, USSR (Far East), China, Viet Nam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Burma, India, Bhutan, Nepal, Sikkim, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Total 2 subgenera, 7 sections, 4 series, 68 species and 1 variety (cultivated species not included) are recognized in this treatment, of which 3 sections and 2 species are described as new. In addition, 13 new synonyms and some new records to this region are also included. Ystem Having estimated all the works dealing with the subdivision of the genus by the previous authors, the system of O. C. Schmidt (1935) is chosen as the basis, with a change of the sequence of the subdivisions. The subgenus Pararistolochia (Hutch. & Dalz.) O. C. Schmidt, which has indefinite stamens and gynandrous lobes, seems to be better considered as the most primitive one in the genus, while the subgenus Siphisia (Raf.) Duch., which has definite stamens and gynandrous lobes, anthers arranged in 3 pairs and more modifications of the perianth, seems to be the most advanced one. The perianth of the subgenus Siphisia has differentiated into several types, and it is more rational using this character to classify sections than lobes of the gynostemium. In this way, three new sections has been established. A suggested system of the genus is summarized as follows: Subgen. 1. Pararistolochia (Hutch. & Dalz.) O. C. Schmidt Subgen. 2. Aristolochia: Sect. 1. Aristolochia (2 series), Sect. 2. Gymnolobus Duch. Subgen. 3. Siphisia (Raf.) Duch.: Sect. 3. Pentodon Klotz, Sect. 4. Odontosiphisia J. S. Ma, Sect. 5. Leptosiphisia J. S. Ma, Sect. 6. Nepenthesia Klotz., Sect. 7. Obliquosiphisia J. S. Ma, Sect. 8. Siphisia (2 series). Evolution According to the character analysis of the genera of Aristolochiaceae, the evolutionary trends of the family are proposed as follows: 1, the perianth from double to single, from cup-like to tubular, 2, stamens from indefinite to definite, from separate from pistil to united into a gynostemium with pistil, which is a major evolutionary line in the family, 3, ovary from half-superior to inferior, and 4, fruit from a follicle to a capsule. It is evident that the genus Aristolochia, with a tubular perianth, stamens 6, a gynostemium, an inferior ovary and a capsule, is in highly advanced position in the family. The subgenus Pararistolochia, which has more stamens and more lobes of gynostemium, is very similar to the genus Thottea Rottb. and thus better considered as the most primitive subgenus in the genus. The subgenus Siphisia, which has definite stamens (6) in 3 pairs and 6 lobes of gynostemium as well as the polyploid feature (2n=4x=28), is the most advanced subgenus. As a result of the character analysis, the evolutionary trends of the subgenera in the genus, which are in accordance with those of the family, are proposed as follows: 1. stamens from indefinite to definite, and 2. gynostemium lobes from more to less. Distribution The more primitive subgenus Pararistolochia is only distributed in West Africa (except 1 species in Malesia), the subgenus Aristolochia in the tropical and subtropical regions, rarely in the temperate one, and the most advanced subgenus Siphisia occurs mainly in E. Asia, occasionally in N. America. The result of this work shows that the Hengduan Mountains is the second center of distribution after South America. The second center of distribution is of following features: 1. complex composition of taxa, among 3 subgenera and 8 sections, 2 subgenera and 7 sections have been recorded here, 2. rich in species, more than half of the total E. & S. Asian species, i.e. about 42 species have been found in this region, and 3. numerous endemics, more than 85 percent of the total number of species in the region, i.e. about 35 species, are endemic. Cytotaxonomy and taxonomic treatment The known chromosome numbers in 43 species, with 34 reported by Gregory (1956) and Fedorov (1969), together with 9 species newly reported in this work, show that Subgen. Aristolochia with 2n=2x=14, rarely 12, is apparently more primitive than Subgen. Siphisia with 2n=2x=28.     

阴山荠属的研究

本文为阴山荠属和泡果荠属的分类研究提供了染色体数目试验结果。受试种类按染色体数目的分异形成两大类群,与按形态地理分类法得出的结果一致。阴山荠属(Yinshania):柔毛阴山荠Y.henryi,2n=12;叉毛阴山荠Y.fur-catopilosa,2n=12;乾宁阴山荠Y.qianningensis,2n=12;泡果荠属(Hiliela):昌化泡果荠H.changhuaensis.2n=42,奇异泡果荠H.paradoxa,2n=42;双牌泡果荠H.shuangpaiensis,2n=44;弯缺泡果荠H.sinuata,2n=44;黟县泡果荠H.yixianensis,2n=42。染色体数目结合形态学和地理分布研究,支持两属作为各自独立的属存在。本属是中国特有分布属,形态演化研究表明,本属阴山荠组是较原始的类群,小果组是较进化的类群。文中讨论了属中各种的分布规律和全属的分布特点,认为川西及其邻近地区是本属多样化中心和近代分布区中心,本属可能是从该地区,并随着新生代第三纪喜马拉雅造山运动和青藏高原的崛起,以及第四纪冰期、间冰期的迭次变化产生的全球性气候波动而分化迁移。本属基本上属亚热带、暖温带的半湿润半干旱生态类型。根据本属重要器官较稳定的特点,以及地区性特有成分较高的特点,认为本属是较古老的中国特有成分     

中国龙胆属植物研究(四)

龙胆属Gentiana (Tourn) L.是Tourneferot (1700)为纪念传说中的Illyria国王Gentius而建立的,对它作了描述,绘有墨线图。林奈在"植物属志"(1737),"植物种志"(1753)承认了该属,并重新进行了描述,记载23种。     

Characteristics of Wood Structure in Gymnosperms and Their systematic Significance

The systematic positions and taxonomic ranks of orders and families in Gymnosperms, especially those in Coniferopsida, are analysed and discussed in this paper based on the evolutionary trends in the wood structure. The opinions of the present authors are as follow: 1. The separation of the Araucariaceae from the Coniferae and establishment of the Araucariales are reasonable,because the intertracheid pitting in the wood is the Araucarioid type and there are no pits on both horizontal and end walls of ray parenchyma cells in the family. 2. The position of the genus Ginkgo in Cheng’s system is acceptable. Ginkgo is more similar to Coniferae than to Cycadaceae in the wood structure. 3. According to the characteristics of wood structure, arrangement of the Podocarpaceae, Cephalotaxaceae and Taxaceae between the Araucariaceae and the Pinaceae is reasonable. Among these families, the Cephalotaxaceae and Taxaceae are more closely related to each other in the view of the spiral thickenings which often appear on the inner wall of wood tracheids. 4. Further evidence for the establishment of the Sciadopitysaceae is provided. For example, most of cross-field pits in the wood of the Sciadopitysaceae are window like, while some of them are of the Lemon type or the Subtaxodioid type; bordered pits are of the Araucaria B type. 5. The characteristics of wood structure in the genus Platycladus differ greatly from Thuja. The former has cross field pits of the Cupressoid type, bordered pits of Araucaria B type and warty layer on the inner surface of tracheids. All of these characteristics have added further evidence for the separation of Platycladus from Thuja. 6. Based on the structural characteristics of woody rays in the Pinaceae, the most primitive genera are Abies, Keteleeria and Pseudolarix, while more advanced ones are Cedrus and Tsuga, and even more advanced ones are Pseudotsuga, Cathaya, Picea and Larix, all of which share normal resin canals. The most advanced genus is Pinus which is also of normal resin canals. Pinus can be divided into three subgenera, Haploxylon, Parry and Diploxylon, according to the presence or absence of dentation and warty layer in wood tracheids. 7. It is reasonable to place the genus Amentotaxus in the Taxaceae, because membrane of bordered pits in the genus is similar to that in the other four genera of the Taxaceae, both of the Araucaria type. 8. The present authors agree with Cheng’s (1978) treatment of Sect. Heopeuce in Tsuga, based on the fact that Tsuga longibracteata has traumatic resin canals and warty layer. Reducing Pinus hwangshanensis into P. taiwanensis, made by Cheng, is reasonable because of the similarities between P. hwangshanensis and P. taiwanensis in the wood structure. The establishment of a new subgenus, Patty, for Pinus bungeana is suitable based on chemotaxonomy, morphology and the distinct warty layer on the innersurface of wood tracheids.     

山茶属连蕊茶组和毛蕊茶组资源及其种质创新研究进展

山茶属(Camellia)植物集茶叶、茶油及茶花三大特色为一身。近年来,该属连蕊茶组(Sect. Theopsis)和毛蕊茶组(Sect. Eriandria)植物随着野生资源在束花茶花种质创新等方面的发展而逐渐受到关注。为在未来山茶的开发应用中进一步利用两组资源,本文重点总结连蕊茶组和毛蕊茶组的植物资源、观赏性及适应性、种质创新等方面的研究进展。1)山茶属主要包括闵天禄、张宏达及Sealy三个分类系统研究,按照张宏达分类系统,连蕊茶组资源48种,毛蕊茶组15种;闵天禄分类学系统连蕊茶组19种,毛蕊茶组9种。2)两组资源具开花繁密,叶形较小的特点;花的挥发性成分以苯乙醇、芳樟醇、柏木醇为主。3)在应用研究中主要体现在束花茶花的育种,连蕊茶组植物10余种,毛蕊茶组1～2种已用于种质创新。从目前的研究来看,两组资源的基础研究相对薄弱,亟需结合经典分类及现代分子生物等技术开展全面的综合性基础研究;在充分发挥我国特有连蕊茶组和毛蕊茶组资源的基础上,聚焦抗逆性及观赏性的种质创新,不断丰富该类资源在园林景观等方面的应用。     

中国柳属多雄蕊类群的分支系统学研究

应用杨属(Populus)和钻天柳属(Chosenia)分别作为不同的外类群,对中国柳属多雄蕊类群构建了两个分支图。结果表明,钻天柳属、大叶柳和四子柳组(Sect.Tetraspermae)都是较原始的类群。支持建立Toisusu Kimura属。根据分支图和染色体数目资料,多雄蕊类群可划分五个类组。支持方振富教授关于"南方型"和"北方型"的划分以及在东亚有从南方向北方演化的趋势,特别对于中国特有组紫柳组(Sect.Wilsonianae).Sect.Salix和Sect.Subalbae两组的分化应予以承认。     

青海鹅观草属的叶片表皮微形态特征及其分类意义的探讨

通过青海鹅观草属叶片表皮的解剖观察,结合外部形态,表明了该属植物在小麦族中共族分属的合理性,同时对青海地区属下类群重新进行了确认,共划分2组16种,即拟技碱草组,包括6种;弯穗草组,包括10种．过去处理的种短柄鹅观草和多秆鹅观革分别作为短颖鹅观草和缘毛鹅观草的变种。此外,类群间的演化水平和属的地理起源也作了初步探讨。     

The Chemotaxonomy of Cynanchum and Its Allied Genera

This paper is a continuation of “Chemotaxonomy of Cynanchum and Its Allied Genera with Notes on the Generic Characteristics of Vincetoxicum”, published in Acta Botanica Yunnanica (11: 41-50, 1989). There are other three sections of Cynanchum in “Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae” (Vol. 63), which were considered as separate genera by some authors. These sections are Cynanchum Sect. Rhodostegiella, Sect. Seutera and Sect. Cyathella, also of a single corona. They were not given generic rank as chemical data of Sect. Rhodostegiella were inavailable. It is for this reason that we have studied the chemical constituents of this section. A very marvellous result was obtained. No C₂₁ steroidal compounds but flavonols were identified from the section Rhodostegiella. Some flavones were isolated from Hoya bella of Asclepiadaceae (Bass et al., 1979), but no report has been given from Cynanchum and the tribe Asclepiadeae up to now. The family Asclepiadaceae mainly contains C21 steroids, but some genera contain cardenolides or terpenoids, and only a few genera, such as Cryptolepis and Tylophora, have alkaloids. The genus Cynanchum sensu Tsiang et P. T. Li, like most members of Asclepiadaceae, has C₂₁ steroids except the section Rhodostegiella. Flavonols, therefore, may be the characteristic of the section. Considering the corona characteristics and geographical distribution, we suggest that the section Rhodostegiella be given generic rank. Because of the separation of Vincetoxicum Wolf and Rhodostegiella (Pobed.) C. Y. Wu et D. Z. Li from Cynanchum sensu Tsiang et P.T. Li, the rank of the sections Seutera and Cyathella should be reconsidered. Obviously, the problem of evolution of the sections of Cynanchum sensu Tsiang et P. T. Li is complicated. The corona, chemical constituents, habit, root-type are not congruent with one another in evolution. The authors support the establishment of the genera Seutera and Cyathella by Reichenbach (1828) and Decne (1838) respectively. Taxonomic treatments, including a new status, Rhodostegiella (Pobed.) C.Y. Wu et D. Z. Li, and 12 new combinations, are given.Key words Cynanchum Linn.; Rhodostegiella (Pobed.) C. Y. Wu et D. Z. Li; Seutera Reichb.; Cyathella Decne.; Flavonols; Chemotaxonomy; New combination