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1.
七种药用植物的染色体研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
对山东7种药用植物的染色体进行了研究。结果表明:田旋花(ConvolvulusarvensisL)的染色体数目为2n=78;蜜柑草(PhylanthusmatsumuraeHavata)的染色体数目为n=88;挂红灯(PhysalisalkekengiLvarfrancheti(Mast)Makino)的染色体数目为2n=24,核型公式为K(2n)=24=2m+18sm+2st+2st(sat),核型“2A”型;无剌曼陀罗(DaturastramoniumLvarinermis(Jacq)SchinzetThel)的染色体数目为2n=24,核型公式为K(2n)=24=20m+4sm,核型“1B”型;决明(CasiatoraL)的染色体数目为2n=26,核型公式为K(2n)=26=24m+2sm,核型“1A”型;荔枝草(SalviaplebeiaRBr)的染色体数目为2n=16,核型公式为K(2n)=16=6m+10sm,核型“2A”型;车前(PlantagoasiaticaL)的染色体数目为2n=36,核型公式为K(2n)=36=32m+4sm,核型“1A”型。 相似文献
2.
山东10种植物的核型分析 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
对山东10 种植物进行了核型分析。茴茴蒜( Ranunculuschinensis Bge-) 染色体数目2n =16 , 核型公式K(2n) = 2x = 16 = 2 M + 2m + 2sm + 10st, “3A”类型; 五脉地椒( Thymusquinquecostatus Celak-) 染色体数目2n= 26 , 核型公式K (2n) = 2x= 26 = 8 M + 18m , “1A”类型; 蛇床( Cnidium monnieri(L-) Cuss-) 染色体数目2n= 20 , 核型公式K (2n) = 2x= 20 = 2M+ 16m + 2sm , “2B”类型; 波斯菊( Cosmos bipinnatus Cav-) 染色体数目2n = 24 , 核型公式K(2n) = 2x = 24 = 16m + 2m (sat) + 6sm , “2A”类型; 白车轴草( Trifolium repens L-) 染色体数目2n= 32 , 核型公式K (2n) = 4x = 32 = 32m , “1A”类型; 铁苋菜( Acalypha australis L-)染色体数目2n = 32 , 核型公式K (2n) = 2x= 32 = 32m , “1B”类型; 地构叶( Speranskia t? 相似文献
3.
山东四种草本植物的核型研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
本文对山东4种草本植物进行了染色体研究。结果表明:阿尔泰狗哇花(Heteropappusal taicus(Wild)Navopokr)的染色体数目为2n=36,核型公式为K(2n)=36=36m,核型“1A”型;求米草(Oplismenusundulatifolius(Arduino)RoemetSchult)的染色体数目为2n=12,核型公式为K(2n)=12=8m+4sm,核型“2A”型;红秋葵(Hibiscuscocineus(Medic)Walt)的染色体数目为2n=38,核型公式为K(2n)=38=14m+22sm+2st,核型“2B”型;蟋蟀草(Eleusineindica(L)Gaertn)的染色体数目为2n=18,核型公式为k(2n)=18=16m+2sm,核型“2A”型。 相似文献
4.
对我国辽宁地区毛莨科(Ranunculaceae)乌头属(Aconitum) 6个种的染色体的数目和形态进行了研究,并进行了核型分析。其染色体基数为X=8,核型公式为:两色乌头:2n=2x=2m+10sm+4st;蛇岛乌头为:2n=4x=10m+20sm(SAT)+2st+2B;黄花乌头为:2n=4x=4m+12sm(SAT)+8st+1B;北乌头三倍体为:2n=3x=2M+4m+18sm;北乌头4倍体为2n=4x=4m+28sm。同时,对乌头属下某些种的分类学问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
5.
东北产苍术属植物的细胞学研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
报导了中国东北产三种苍术属植物的核型资料,核型公式分别为;北苍术「Atractylodes chinensis(DC.)Koidz.」K(2n)=24=12m+6sm+6st(4SAT),关苍术「A.japonica Koidz.」(2n)=24=14m+10m(2SAT)朝鲜苍术「A.koreana(Nakai)Kitam.」K(2n)=24=10m+14sm(2SAT),三者核型对称性均为2B 相似文献
6.
Chen Shao-Feng 《植物分类学报:英文版》1989,27(1):39-48
Meiosis and mitosis of eight species of Polygonatum from Sichuan, China, were
investigated. Ten bivalents (n=10) at meiosis of pollen mother cells were observed ih P. odoratum (Mill.) Druce. Meiotic observation on pollen mother cells in P. punctatum Royle ex
Kunth shows 16 bivalents (n=16) at diakinesis, P. kingianum Coll. et Hemsl. 13 bivalents
(n=13) at diakinesis. P. zanlanscianense Pamp. 15 bivalents (n=15) in MI, P. cirrhifolium
(Wall.) Royle 28 bivalents at diakinesis. Somatic chromosomes were observed in root tip cells.
The karyotype formulae are as follows: P. odoratum (Mill.) Druce K(2n)=20=4st+6sm+10m;
P. cyrtonema Hua K(2n)=20=6sm+14m; P. punctatum Royle ex Kunth K(2n)=32=2t+8st+
2sm+20m; P. kingianum Coll. et Hemsl. K(2n)=26=8st(2SAT)+14sm+4m; P. alternicirrhosum Hand.-Mzt. K(2n)=32=6st+8sm+18m(2SAT); P. zanlanscianense Pamp. K(2n)=30=
2t+6st+6sm+16m(2SAT); P. sibiricum Delar. ex Redouté K(2n)=24=2t+14st(2SAT)+6sm
+2m; P. cirrhifolium (Wall.) Royle K(2n)=56=18st+10sm+28m. The karyotypes of P.
punctatum, P. kingianum, P. alternicirrhosum and P. cirrhifolium are reported for the first
time.
Both the chromosome number and structure in our materials are certainly different from
thoses in previous reports. Of numerical variation polyploidy and aneuploidy have been recorded, and aneuploidy is frequent. According to degree of asymmetry of the karyotype, the 8
species are divided into three types: 2B, 3B, 2C. The increasing asymmetry is correlated with
the increasing of the chromosome number.
There are no obvious differences in chromosome number and karyotype between Alternifolia Baker and Verticillate Baker. They are not two natural groups. This opinion is different from that of Therman and Suomalainen. 相似文献
7.
少花龙葵与黄果龙葵染色体核型分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用DAPI显带技术对少花龙葵和黄果龙葵染色体进行了核型分析。结果表明,少花龙葵染色体数目为24,为二倍体,核型公式为K(2n)=24=6sm+18m;黄果龙葵染色体数目为48,为四倍体,核型公式为K(4n)=48=48m,并进一步构建了这两个种的核型模式图。此外,还初步探讨了染色体的DAPI带型及其异染色质的分布。为中国龙葵的系统分类和进化趋向研究,以及育种和资源的开发利用提供帮助。 相似文献
8.
三裂叶豚草和普通豚草的染色体核型研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文对产自中国东北地区和南昌市的三裂叶豚草和普通豚草进行了染色体观察与核型分析,两种豚草的染色体数目分别为2n=24和2n=36,与前人的报导一致,染色体核型未见到报导。 相似文献
9.
中国栎属九种植物的核型分析 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6
报道了中国栎属 ( Quercus L inn.) 9种植物的核型。结果如下 :帽斗栎 ( Q.guyavaelofia) :2 n=2 4 =2 2 m+2 sm,属于“1A”类型 ;富宁栎 ( Q.setulosa) :2 n=2 4 =2 0 m+4sm,属于“2 A”类型 ;炭栎 ( Q.utilis) :2 n=2 4 =2 4 m,属于“2 A”类型 ;乌冈栎 ( Q.phillyraeoides) :2 n=2 4 =2 0 m+4sm,属于“2 B”类型 ;匙叶栎 ( Q.dolicholepis) :2 n=2 4 =2 0 m+4sm,属于“2 B”类型 ;岩栎( Q.acrodonta) :2 n=2 4 =2 2 m+2 sm,属于“2 B”类型 ;麻栗坡栎 ( Q.marlipoensis) :2 n=2 4 =2 4 m,属于“1B”类型 ;锥连栎 ( Q.franchetii) :2 n=2 4 =2 2 m +2 sm ,属于“1B”类型 ;麻栎 ( Q.acutissima) :2 n=2 4 =2 0 m+4sm,属于“2 B”类型 .其中除麻栎外 ,另 8种的核型系首次报道。研究结果表明 ,上述核型在种间较相似 ,但以组为单位进行比较时 ,则有一定的价值 ,有可能为揭示栎属的系统演化提供新的证据。 相似文献
10.
The karyotypes of 3 species of Roegneria and 2 species of Kengyilia were
analysed in this paper. They are all reported for the first time, and the karyotype
formulae are as follows: R. nutans, 2n = 4X= 28 = 26m+ 2sm; R. abolinii, 2n = 4X
=28 = 24m + 4sm; R. aristiglumis, 2n = 6X = 42 = 32m + 10sm (2sat); K. tahelacana
2n = 6X = 42 = 36m (2sat)+6sm (2sat); K. zhoasuensis, 2n = 6X= 42 = 34m(4sat)+ 8sm.
According to the characters of karyotypes, K. tahelacana and K. zhoasuensis havethe S, Y, P genomes of genus Kengyilia. 相似文献
11.
对桦木科桤木属自然分布于中国西南地区的4个种进行了细胞学研究,结果分别为:川滇桤木K(2n)=56=30m+24sm+2st;桤木K(2n)=56=38m+16sm+2M;蒙自桤木K(2n)=56=28m+26sm+2st;毛桤木K(2n)=56=42m+14sm;其中川滇桤木的核型属于2A型,其余均为2B型;上述种类染色体数目均为2n=56。4种材料的核型均为首次报道。 相似文献
12.
The karyotypes of 5 samples in Allium Sect. Bromatorrhiza Ekberg were
analysed in this paper.
In Allium wallichii Kunth, the first sample is a diploid, with genome formula is AA and
karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x=14=2m(SAT)+2m+10sm. The second is an autotetraploid,
with genome formula AAAA, karyotype formul K(2n)=4x=28=2m(SAT)+6m+20sm. These
two karyotypes belong to “3A”. The two karyotypes of A. wallichii Kunth are similar in
morphology, though different in ploidy.
In Allium hookeri Thwaites, the first sample is a dibasic autoallotriploid. Its genome
formula is AAB1; the basic number of the genome A is 7 and that of the genome B1 is 8. The
karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x+x'=22=(12sm+2t)+(1m+4sm+1st+2t). The second is
also an autoallotriploid. The genomes in pairs are similar to those in the first sample in size
and morphology of chromosomes. However, the unpaired genome differs from the first one
apparently. Therefore, its genome formula is AAB2, and karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x+
x'=22=(12sm+2t)+(3m+1sm+2st+2t). The third is doubling of the first karyotype. It is
an autoallohexaploid, with genome formula AAAAB1 B1 and karyotype formula K(2n)=4x+2x'= 44= (24sm+4t) + (2m+8sm+2st+4t). These three karyotypes belong to “3A”. 相似文献
13.
14.
4种(变种)辣椒的核型研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文研究了辣椒属4种(变种)的核型,各个种的核型可简式为小米辣2n=24=23m+1sm:簇生辣2n=24=20m+2sm+2st:樱桃辣2n=24=20m+4sm(2SAT):“印度辣”2n=24=22m+2st。按照Stebbins的核型分类,小米辣为2A型;簇生辣和樱桃辣为2A型,印度辣为2B型。 相似文献
15.
几种重楼的染色体核型研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
作者对重楼属(Paris)的几个种:球药隔重楼(P.fargesii),毛重楼(P.mairei),花叶重搂(P.marmorata),黑籽重楼(P.thibetica),海南重楼(P.dunniana),巴山重搂(P.bashanensis),以及多叶重楼(P.polyphylla)的两个变种狭叶重楼(var.stenophylla)和华重楼(var.chinensis)的染色体核型进行了研究,发现种间及种内不同居群(population)间的核型都存在不同程度的差别。核型简式为:球药隔重楼K(2n)=2x=10=6m+2t(SAT)+2t+3bs,毛重楼K(2n)=2x=10=6m+4t+1bs,花叶重楼K(2n)=2x=10=6m+4t,黑籽重楼K(2n)=2x=10=2m+4m(SAT)+4t,海南重楼K(2n)=2X=10=6m+2t(SAT)+2t,巴山重楼K(2n)=2x=10=6m+4st,狭叶重楼K(2n)=2x=10=6m+1st+3t,华重楼K(2n)=2x=10=6m+4t。 相似文献
16.
子午岭产4种百合科植物的核型多样性研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
对子午岭产百合科黄精属大苞黄精(P.megaphyllum)、玉竹(P.odoratum),百合属的细叶百合(L.pumilum),葱属的糙葶韭(A.anisopodium)4种植物进行了染色体研究。其染色体数目和核型分别为:玉竹2n(2x)=20=12m(2SAT)+8sm,核型为2B型;大苞黄精2n(2x)=22=4m+12sm+6st,核型为3B型;细叶百合2n(2x)=24=4m+10st 相似文献
17.
This paper reports chromosome numbers and karyotypes of five species of the genus Fritillaria from south Anhui. The origin of the material used in this work is provided in
Table 1, micrographs of mitotic metaphase in Plate 1,2, and the parameters of chromosomes
in Table 2. Except F. thunbergii Miq., the karyotypes and chromosome numbers of all the
species in this paper were studied for the first time. The results are shown as follows:
1. Fritillaria qimenensis D. C. Zhang et J. Z. Shao
Collected from Qimen, Anhui, it has the karyotype formula 2n = 24+4Bs = 3m+lsm+8st
(2sc)+12t (2sc)+4Bs (Plate 1:1, 2). The chromosomes range in length 8.72-19.13μm, with the
ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.19. Therefore, the karyotype belongs to Stebbins’
(1971) 3B. The secondary constrictions are found on the long arms of 7th and 10th pairs. All
the five B-chromosomes are of terminal centromeres. The two chromosomes of the second
pair show heteromorphy (Fig. 1, E) with arm ratios 1.86 and 1.56 respectively.
2. Fritillaria monantha Miq. var. tonglingensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin
Collected from Tongling, Anhui, this species is shown to have three chromosome numbers, 2n =24+5Bs, 2n=24+2Bs and 2n=24. This paper reports 2 cytotypes: Type I:
2n = 24+5Bs = 4m+8st (2sc) +12t (2sc) +5Bs (Plate 1: 3, 4). The chromosomes range in length
from 10.40 to 22.19μm, with the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.13. It belongs to 3B of
stebbins’(1971) karyotypic symmetry. The secondary constrictions are found on the short
arms of 7th and the long arms of 9th chromosome pairs. The metacentric B-chromosomes
and the small satellites located on the short arms are major characters of this cytotype. Type
II: 2n=24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t(2sc) (Plate 1:5, 6). The chromosomes range in length
from 13.84 to 29.81μm, with the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.15. The karyotype belongs to Stebbins’3B. The secondary constrictions are found on the long arms of 5th and
10th pairs. No B-chromosomes are found.
3. Fritillaria xiaobeimu Y. K. Yang, J. Z. Shao et M. M. Fang
Collected from Ningguo, Anhui, it has karyotype formula 2n = 24 = 2m+2sm+10st (4sc)
+ 10t (Plate 2:7, 8). The chromosomes range in length from 13.86 to 26.27μm, with the ratio
of the longest to the shortest 1.89. The karyotype belongs to stebbins’3A. The secondary
constrictions are found on the long arms of 7th and 9th pairs.
4. Fritillaria ningguoensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin
Collected from Ningguo, Anhui, it is of karyotype formula 2n = 24 = 2m+2sm+8st (2sc)
+12t (Plate 2: 9, 10). The chromosomes range in length from 9.11 to 23.23μm, with the ratio
of the longest to the shortest 2.55. The karyotype belongs to Stebbins’3B. The secondary
constrictions are only found on the long arms of the 10 th pair.
5. Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.
Collected from Ningguo, Anhui, it is of karyotype formula 2n = 24 = 2m+2sm+8st(2sc)
+12t(2sc)(Plate 2:11, 12). The chromosomes range in length from 8.83 to 19.85μm, with the
ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.25. The karyotype belongs to stebbins’3B. There are
secondary constrictions on the long arms of 5th and 7th pairs. The karyotype of the Ningguo
material is similar to that of the Huoqiu (Anhui) material reported by Xu Jin-lin et al.
(1987), but it is obviously different from 2n=2m(sc)+2sm+4st(2sc)+16t (2sc) reported byZhai et al. (1985) for the material from Xingjiang, Northwest China. 相似文献
18.
亚洲苦草与刺苦草的染色体数目和核型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以亚洲苦草和刺苦草根尖为实验材料,对其染色体数目及核型进行了研究,结果表明,两个种均为2n=20,同属Stebbins的不对称核型,亚洲苦草为“3B”,刺苦草为“2B”。核型公式分别为:K(2n)=20=2m+12sm+6st,K(2n)=20=2M+2m+14sm+2st。 相似文献
19.
20.
Li Lin-Chu 《植物分类学报:英文版》1988,26(5):371-377
The present paper deals with the karyotypic analysis of Taxodium ascendens Brongn.
The somatic chromosomes in root-tip cells of the plant are found to be 2n =22, all with median
and submedian constrictions. A character of the karyotype is that the chromosome 10 has
a long kinetochore region (Plate 1:1). According to the terminology defined by Levan et al.[18],
the karyotype formula is k(2n)=22=20m+2sm, which is different to Huang et Hsu’s[8]
K(2n)=24=22m+2B(m). The karyotype belongs to “lA” of Stebbins’[24] karyotypic symmetry
and is generally regarded as a relatively primitive one. The species’ chromosome complement
is 2n=22=2L+8M2+12M1 according to I.R.L.difined by Kuo et al.[15] based on relative length.
The lengths, arm ratios and types of chromosomes of the species are given in Table 1-I. The
morphology of the chromosomes and the karyotype, are given in Plate 1:1.
In the light of the works of Schlarbaum et al.[21] and Mehra et al.[17], K(2n)=22=20m
(2SAT)+2sm and 2n=22=2L+6M2+14M1 are for T. distichum (L.) Rich. (see Table 1-II),
K(2n)=20m+2sm and 2n=22=4L+4M2+12M1+2S for T. mucronatum Tenore (see Table
1-III, Plate 1:2), which belong to “lA” and “2A” respectively.
The differences between three species in the ratio of the longest to the shortest chromosome,
I.R.L. and the proportion of chromosomes with arm ratio >2 show that the karyotype of T.
mucronatum is the most advanced and that of T. distichum the most primitive. The present
author suggests that the sequence of evolutionary advance be T. distichum, T. ascendens, T. mucronatum.
Based on the evidence from the karyotype analyses, ecology and geographical distribution
(including fossil), the secondary center of genetic diversity (Fig. 1) and the probable evolu-tionary pattern (Fig. 2) of Taxodium are discussed. 相似文献