安徽大别山北坡植物区系与邻近地区植物区系关系探讨

安徽大别山北坡是大别山的主体部分,也是目前大别山森林植被保存较好的地区之一。作者通过对该区植物区系与邻近地区植物区系之间共有种和区系成分的对比分析,以及通过与邻近山地森林植物区系之间相似性系数的对比分析,初步得出下列结论:(1) 该区植物区系与华东植物区系的关系最密切,其次是华中,再次依次为日本、华北、华南、西南、东北,与西北和青藏高原植物区系之间很少有联系。(2) 该区植物区系与日本植物区系之间的关系比与我国西南植物区系之间的关系要密切。(3) 该区植物区系与天目山、神农架、中条山、庐山、武夷山诸山地森林植物区系之间关系紧密程度依次为天目山、庐山、神农架、武夷山、中条山。(4) 大别山植物区系在我国植物区系分区上应属于华东区。(5) 在我国植物区系分区上,华东区与华中区的分界线在湖北省境内应位于“襄樊—宜昌”一线,华东区与华北区的分界线在安徽省境内应位于“霍丘—滁县”一线。     

鹞落坪国家级自然保护区植被类型的初步探讨

提供安徽省鹞落坪国家级自然保护区植被类型的初步概况与与比较分析。在世界植被区划上,该区属泛北极植物区,中国--日本森林植物亚区的华东区,是华中、华西、华北、华南植物区系与华东植物的渗透、过渡和交汇地带,故植物物种类丰富复杂。今经实地考察,并通过对所得的有关数据资料的整理与统计,采用相似性系数分析方法,对该保护区植被组成进行了初步的探讨,认为：该区计有野生种子植物134科,590属,1428种（含种下等级）;该区森林生态系统结构完整,植物群落分为8个植被型（亚型）和35个群系组。主要有针叶林、针阔叶混交林、竹林、灌丛、草甸等,此外还有沼泽和水生植被。     

江苏蕨类植物区系

对江苏蕨类植物区系组成和地理成分进行了分析,并与相邻地区的浙江、安徽和山东等地进行了比较。江苏共有蕨类植物35科67属140种(含变种和亚种);世界分布类型有18科、19属、5种;热带分布类型有16科、34属、16种;温带分布类型有1科、14属、102种;中国特有分布17种。江苏蕨类植物区系组成比较简单,本区不是近代种系分化中心;地理成分具有明显的从热带向温带的过渡性。通过与邻接地区的比较发现,江苏蕨类植物区系与安徽有较大的亲缘关系,它南承浙江,北接山东,同样具有明显的过渡性,在中国蕨类植物分区中,华东-华中地区含江苏、安徽、浙江,而不含山东的分区方案较合理;水热条件是决定一个地区蕨类植物区系种类丰富程度的重要因素,复杂的地形变化是引起一个地区种系分化的原因之一。     

江苏蕨类植物区系

对江苏蕨类植物区系组成和地理成分进行了分析, 并与相邻地区的浙江、安徽和山东等地进行了比较。江苏共有蕨类植物35 科67 属140 种( 含变种和亚种); 世界分布类型有18 科、19 属、5 种; 热带分布类型有16 科、34 属、16 种; 温带分布类型有1 科、14 属、102 种; 中国特有分布17 种。江苏蕨类植物区系组成比较简单, 本区不是近代种系分化中心; 地理成分具有明显的从热带向温带的过渡性。通过与邻接地区的比较发现, 江苏蕨类植物区系与安徽有较大的亲缘关系, 它南承浙江, 北接山东, 同样具有明显的过渡性, 在中国蕨类植物分区中, 华东- 华中地区含江苏、安徽、浙江, 而不含山东的分区方案较合理; 水热条件是决定一个地区蕨类植物区系种类丰富程度的重要因素, 复杂的地形变化是引起一个地区种系分化的原因之一。     

江西木兰科植物区系地理分析

对江西木兰科植物7属23种的地理分布和区系特征进行了分析。属的分布区类型可划分为：热带亚洲分布、东亚一北美间断分布和中国特有分布。种的分布区类型可划分为：热带亚洲分布、东亚分布和中国特有分布。江西木兰科植物可划分为赣北、赣西北、赣西南、赣南、赣东南、赣东北共6个分布区。该区系以亚热带成分为主,具有种类丰富、区系成分复杂、多型性突出、特有现象较显著和与周边省份联系较密切等特点,属木兰科植物现代分布中心边缘分化比较强烈的区域之一。     

安徽珍稀濒危植物区系探讨

在深入调查的基础上,对安徽珍稀濒危植物区系组成和地理成分进行了详细的统计分析,探讨了该区系的组成特点及地理分布特征。结果表明,该区系属温带亚热带性植物区系,具有珍稀濒危物种丰富,古老、孑遗植物众多;地理成分复杂,区系联系广泛;过渡性质明显,温带亚热带成分占优;特有现象显著,华东区系特征典型等基本特征。在植物区系亲缘上,该区系隶属东亚植物区、中国-日本森林植物亚区、华东地区,与华中植物区系关系密切,受西南植物区系影响深刻。     

安徽省大别山陀尖山区植物区系的研究

陀尖山区有维管束植物119种,隶属于552属,151科,是大别山植物区系最丰富,最具有代表性的地区之一。作者认为大别山南北坡植物不存在明显差异,大别山植物区系作为一个整体属于华东植物区系。陀尖山区植物区系与庐山、神农架和黄山的植物区系关系最为密切,相似程度三者不相上下;陀尖山区乃至整个大别山区构成了华东区与华中区联系的纽带。     

鄂东南幕阜山区种子植物区系研究

鄂东南幕阜山区共种子植物１８３科７４１属１６５３种。以属的分析为主,结合科的分析,认为本地区种子植物区系为温带性质。本地区温带分布型属占总属数（剔除世界分布属）的５３１３％,热带分布型属占总属数的４２４５％,缺乏典型的热带科属。从植物区系现状和历史分析中,论证了本区系白垩纪—第三纪古热带起源的历史背景。确认本地区主体上属于中国—日本森林植物区系的华东地区,但富含华中区系成分,具有浓厚的华中区系色彩。本地区南北和东西植物交汇,具有复杂区系成分。论证了鄂西南武陵山—幕阜山脉一线可能是西南成分向东迁移的通道之一。本地区特有现象不明显,共有中国特有属２４个,无地区特有属,只有少数地区特有种。     

黄土高原子午岭种子植物区系特征研究

黄土高原子午岭位于黄土高原中部半湿润半干旱过渡带(107°30′~109°40′E,33°50′~36°50′N)。其在植被分区上隶属于泛北极植物区、中国-日本森林植物亚区的华北地区黄土高原植物亚地区。区内共有种子植物94科361属689种,分别占黄土高原区种子植物总数的63.95%、41.78%和21.37%。其中大科、大属在区系组成中起着非常重要的作用。该区种子植物属包含15个分布区类型及12个变型,其中北温带分布、旧世界温带分布、泛热带分布、东亚分布等成分占有重要地位。其种子植物区系的基本特征是:植物种类相对丰富;多种地理成分交汇、过渡特征明显;区系组成以华北成分为主体,温带成分占优势;沿纬度梯度地理成分差异显著,垂直分布带谱不明显;区系成分新老并存,特有化程度低。     

安徽省清凉峰自然保护区植物区系的研究

清凉峰自然保护区有维管束植物181科,601属,1228种,是安徽植物资源集中地之一。区系成分起源古老,孑遗种多,保存着丰富的珍稀、濒危植物。种子植物区系地理成分复杂,各类热带成分、温带成分、中国特有成分分别占本区种子植物属总数的33.6%、62.96%、3.44%,显示了本区植物区系的亚热带特性。本区植物区系97.6%的成分与华东植物区系共有,且含华东特有种111种,具有典型华东植物区系特征。本区植物区系与西天目山、黄山植物区系关系最密切,其次为大别山和庐山,再次为神农架。     

琼南与琼北沿海低山丘陵植物物种组成的比较分析

在对海南岛南端与北端沿海低山丘陵植物区系进行实地调查的基础上,对两个地区植物物种组成进行了比较研究。结果显示两地物种组成既有相似性也有差异性：琼南有种子植物876种,隶属于112科484属,植物区系以热带成分为主,兼有一定的温带成分和中国特有成分,且海南特有成分较高,具有一定的过渡性;琼北有种子植物934种,隶属于141科580属,植物区系以热带分布类型为主,同时有一定的温带成分,海南特有成分较高;两地植物区系的共同点是：均具有种类丰富、地理成分多样、优势成分明显、热带性质较强等。     

关于浙江南部森林植物华南,华东两个区系的划分问题

选取分布于浙江南部的１１６个华南森林植物区系成份的工表种。根据自然地理条件的异同,在浙江南部的温州地区和丽水地区中选择５个代表性区域,分析其与华南区系的亲缘关系,在此基础上提出本区内华南,华东两个区系的划分意见,以乐清湾的清江为起点,向东越过乐清湾至温岭县南端（坞根）,再经石头桥至交陈而出东海,向西南则沿北雁荡山东南山麓地带经永嘉县南端（上塘）至青田县东端（温溪）,再越过瓯江向东南拐弯至瓯海（瞿溪     

Biogeographical Divergence of the Flora of Yunnan,Southwestern China Initiated by the Uplift of Himalaya and Extrusion of Indochina Block

The floral composition of Yunnan is conspicuously linked to the biogeographical history of this extremely species-rich province in southwestern China. The floristic compositions of three representative regions in Yunnan were compared to reveal their variation with geography. From southern Yunnan, 4150 native species (including subspecies and varieties) from 1240 genera and 183 families of seed plants were recognized. From central Yunnan 3389 native species from 1095 genera and 167 families of seed plants were recognized. From northwestern Yunnan 6807 native species from 1296 genera and 166 families of seed plants were recognized. Although these three floras across Yunnan are similar in familial composition, similarities between the floras of southern and northwestern Yunnan are low at the generic and specific levels. The flora of northwestern Yunnan is dominated by families and genera with cosmopolitan and north temperate distributions, while the flora of southern Yunnan is dominated by tropical families and genera. Northwestern Yunnan is composed largely of temperate genera, of which the highest proportion has a north temperate distribution. In contrast, southern Yunnan has mainly tropical genera, of which most have a tropical Asian distribution. The flora of central Yunnan is a combination of southern and northwestern Yunnan. These three floras might be derived from a common Tertiary tropical or subtropical East Asian flora, but the geological history of each region has influenced its flora, and they have remained divergent since the late Tertiary. The flora of northwestern Yunnan has evolved with the uplift of the Himalayas and by gradual proliferation of mainly cosmopolitan and north temperate floristic elements, while the flora of southern Yunnan has evolved with extrusion of the Indochina block and the influence of mainly tropical Asian elements.     

安徽齐云山区种子植物区系的研究

据初步统计,安徽省休宁县齐云山山区共有种子植物125科,511属,867种。与邻近山地相比,种子植物的丰富程度次于黄山(134科、537属、1058种)、清凉峰(142科、547属、1083种)和牯牛降(151科、582属、1117种)。该区种子植物区系起源古老,地理成分复杂,各类热带、温带成分和中国特有成分分别占该区种子植物属总数的42.0%、54.3%和3.7%,显示该植物区系具有明显的中亚热带特性。该区系与黄山、清凉峰、牯牛降、六股尖区系的关系密切,而与天堂寨区系关系较远。     

A Numerical Study on the Floristics of the Zhoushan Archipelago

The Zhoushan Archipelago, one of the famous fishing grounds in China, is lo cated in the northern part of the Donghai Sea, at the mouth of the Hangzhou Bay (Fig. 1). The flora of the archipelago was botanically little known. After 1972, several botanical ex plorations to the archipelago were conducted by Qiu L.-Q. of the Shanghai Museum of Natu ral History, and nearly one thousand numbers of plant specimens were collected. From these specimens, we have identified about 500 species of seed plants. The present paper deals with a numerical taxonomic study of the floristic affinities of seed plants of the Zhoushan Archipelago by means of both cluster and principal component analyses (PCA). The total distribution realm of the Zhoushan floristic elements is divided into 18 regions, which were used as Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU). The 348 native species and infrasp ecific taxa (see Appendix 1, excluding cultivated plants, ruderals and exotics) of seed plants were used as characters of the OTUs, A normal cluster analysis using UPGMA gave rise to phenogram (Fig. 1). The phenogram provides a great amount of information regarding the floristic affinities between Zhoushan and the other regions. In the PCA, method of inverse analysis was used and has brought forth two diagrams of dimensional program (Fig. 2a,b). These diagrams give some hints of the distributional trends of geographical elements and floristic affinities. The result of the above analyses shows that the floristics of the Zhoushan Archipelago is the most closely related to those of its neibouring regions, for instance, Zhejiang mainland, Jiangsu and some other regions of eastern China. Though rich in island elements, the archipelago has almost no endemic species. The short distance between the archipelago and the mainland, which has favored mutual exchange of plants, and the severe destruction of the original forest vegetation, may account for this phenomenon. The floristic similarities between Zhoushan and Taiwan of China and between the archipelago and Japan are not so remarkable. This may be due to both the climatical difference and geographical barriers existing between these floristic regions. Yet the presence of a number of linking plants confined to these floras, such as Rhaphiolepis integerrima, Anodendron salicifolium, and Eurya japonica, etc., suggests that these regions should be considered as being of the common tertiary origin. The mountain forest flora of Zhoushan is more closely related to those of southern regions than to those of northern regions of China, From the point of view of floristic regionalization, it is appropriate to consider the flora of the Zhoushan Archipelago as a part of the northern subregion of the mid-subtropical region.     

广东郁南同乐大山自然保护区种子植物区系研究

通过野外调查与查阅资料,广东郁南同乐大山自然保护区共有野牛种子植物149科542属1 002种.种子植物区系组成丰富,区系地理成分复杂,以南亚热带和热带北缘植物区系地理成分为主.区内珍稀濒危植物多,特有现象较明显,植物区系起源古老.与其它邻近地区植物区系相比较,同乐大山自然保护区种子植物区系与广西龙虎山自然保护区、广东黑石顶自然保护区的相似性较高,与湖南武陵源的相似性较低.     

安徽省种子植物多样性的研究

安徽省有种子植物2,498种,隶属于898属,163科,其中裸子植物6科、13属、18种;单子叶植物26科、211属、593种;双子叶植物131科、674属、1,887种。安徽植物区系隶属于华东植物区和华北植物区,基本上属于温带性质,特有现象较明显,地理联系主要与东亚联系密切,水平与垂直替代现象也较明显。此区系起源时间不晚于第三纪。安徽植物区系可以划分为5个小区:皖南山地小区,大别山山地小区,沿江江淮丘陵小区、淮北平原小区和淮北丘陵小区。     

A biogeographical study on tropical flora of southern China

The tropical climate in China exists in southeastern Xizang (Tibet), southwestern to southeastern Yunnan, southwestern Guangxi, southern Guangdon, southern Taiwan, and Hainan, and these southern Chinese areas contain tropical floras. I checked and synonymized native seed plants from these tropical areas in China and recognized 12,844 species of seed plants included in 2,181 genera and 227 families. In the tropical flora of southern China, the families are mainly distributed in tropical areas and extend into temperate zones and contribute to the majority of the taxa present. The genera with tropical distributions also make up the most of the total flora. In terms of geographical elements, the genera with tropical Asian distribution constitute the highest proportion, which implies tropical Asian or Indo‐Malaysia affinity. Floristic composition and geographical elements are conspicuous from region to region due to different geological history and ecological environments, although floristic similarities from these regions are more than 90% and 64% at the family and generic levels, respectively, but lower than 50% at specific level. These differences in the regional floras could be influenced by historical events associated with the uplift of the Himalayas, such as the southeastward extrusion of the Indochina geoblock, clockwise rotation and southeastward movement of Lanping–Simao geoblock, and southeastward movement of Hainan Island. The similarity coefficients between the flora of southern China and those of Indochina countries are more than 96% and 80% at family and generic levels, indicating their close floristic affinity and inclusion in the same biogeographically floristic unit.     

Phenological and biogeographical aspects of coastal dune plant communities in southern Brazil

The coastline of southern Brazil is characterized by vast sand dunes. From March 1982 to April 1984 the dune vegetation was sampled along a transect between the Atlantic shore and an inland freshwater marsh, and phenological cycles of plant species were observed at monthly intervals.The occurrence of 23 annual species in the local dunes and peak germination, growth and flowering of 21 perennial species during spring, summer and fall, suggest that unfavourable temperatures and inundation of slacks during winter are seasonally limiting factors for this flora.Differences in the floristic composition between this region and its southern and northern extremes in the southwestern Atlantic together with a marked seasonality of the total species number and of germination and flowering periods, suggest that this area corresponds to a warm temperate biogeographic transition zone between northern tropical and southern cold temperate regions.     

山西历山种子植物区系研究

历山位于中条山山脉的东段,有种子植物966种,隶属于490属123科。种子植物属种区系成分复杂多样,以温带成分占优势(温带属290属,占总属数的66.36%;温带种504种,占总种数的53.22%)。对科属种区系成分和植被建群种和优势种组成的分析表明,历山具有典型的暖温带落叶阔叶林的特征。应用PCA排序和多样性指数对历山及部分山地植物属的区系地理成分进行了比较研究,结果表明,历山的植物区系成份与太白山、太岳山和泰山较为相似,而与关帝山、芦芽山和长白山有明显差异。