GABAergic phthalide dimers from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels

The methanol extract of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels roots (Dang Gui) has been shown to exhibit competitive binding to the GABAa receptor, suggesting the presence of GABAergic ligands. Chromatographic fractionation of the methanol extract led to the isolation of two GABAergic dimeric phthalides 1 and 2. Gelispirolide (1) was elucidated as a new phthalide dimer composed of a Z-ligustilide and a Z-butylidenephthalide unit on the basis of spectroscopic approaches including one- and two-dimensional NMR, HRESIMS and HRESIMS-MS. Compound 2 was identified as the known dimeric phthalide, riligustilide, by comparison of its spectroscopic data with literature values. Its dimeric linkage and stereochemistry were ascertained by a single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment. Both dimers 1 and 2 were found to be active in an in vitro GABAa receptor-binding assay with IC50 values of 29 and 24 microM, respectively.     

Water-soluble polysaccharides from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels: Preparation, characterization and bioactivity

Crude water-soluble polysaccharides (ASP) were separated from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels by hot water extraction. They were fractionated into neutral and acidic polysaccharides by anion-exchange chromatography. The neutral polysaccharide (ASP1) was rich in glucose, galactose, and arabinose suggesting a mixture of glucan and arabinogalactan. The acidic polysaccharide (ASP2, ASP3) consisted mainly of galacturonic acid along with rhamnose, arabinose, and galactose indicating a pectic polysaccharide. The degree of esterification of ASP and ASP3 were 54.06% and 47.14% for the crude and purified sample, respectively. ASP3, with a molecular weight of 3.4 × 10⁴ Da determined by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), was the major constituent for the crude extracts. The radioprotective effect of the pectic polysaccharide ASP3 was studied in murine models. ASP3 pretreated mice exhibited a significant decrease of apoptosis (P < 0.05, dosage of 200 mg/kg d body weight) in peripheral lymphocytes compared to the irradiated control. The results showed that ASP3 can protect leucocytes and lymphocytes of mice against radiation induced damage, which has potential radioprotective effect on acute radiation injured mice.     

Induction of Embryogenic Callus and Histocytological Study on Embryoid Development of Angelica sinensis (Oily.) Diels

The common calluses derived from roots of Angelica sinensis were treated with phytohormones and different kinds of organic adjuvants with various concentrations to induce embryogenic callus. The phytohormones obviously affected embryogenic callus induction and the process of globular, heartshaped, torpedo and cotyledon stages. They could emerge from both inside and surface of calluses. In the developmental process, the embryoid still kept in contact with the base of callus from which it arose.     

Structural analysis of water-soluble glucans from the root of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels

Two water-soluble glucans (designated APS-1cI and APS-1cII) were extracted from the roots of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels and further purified by anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. Their molecular weights were determined to be 1.7 x 10(5) and 3.9 x 10(4)Da, respectively. The structures of the purified glucans were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analysis, such as methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, GC-MS, as well as FTIR and NMR spectroscopy ((1)H, (13)C, H-H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, TOCSY and NOESY). The data obtained indicated that APS-1cI was a linear alpha-glucan composed of only (1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp, and APS-1cII had a repeating unit consisting of (1-->4)-alpha-D-Glcp and (1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp in a molar ratio of 4:1. Such glucans isolated from A. sinensis (Oliv.) Diels have not been previously reported.     

cDNA-AFLP比较当归早薹基因转录差异反应体系的建立

建立了利用cDNA-AFLP技术对当归早薹相关的差异表达基因进行筛选的方法,优化了影响cDNA-AFLP试验结果的关键因子,包括选择性扩增模板量、酶离子浓度、dNTP浓度。结果表明,以1μL稀释10倍的预扩增产物作为模板、1.5 mmol/LMgCl2、0.6 mmol/L dNTP,进行的选择性扩增反应获得DNA片段分子量范围较广,在100-1 000 bp长度范围中均有扩增片段,是较为理想的选择性扩增的结果。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳验证了试验结果,在优化条件下利用部分引物组合可以较好地比较早薹当归在基因转录水平发生的差异。     

火龙果愈伤组织诱导与植株再生

为了建立火龙果愈伤组织诱导与植株再生体系,以火龙果茎段、幼苗和子叶为外植体进行离体培养试验。结果表明：茎段诱导愈伤组织的最优培养基为1／2MS＋2,4-D2．0mg·L^-1＋6-BAO．5mg·L^-1,诱导子叶愈伤组织的最适培养基是1／2MS＋2,4-D2．0mg·L^-1＋6-BA1．0mg·L^-1,诱导愈伤组织分化的最优培养基为1／2MS＋6-BA4．0mg·L^-1＋NAA0．5mg·L^-1,最佳生根培养基为1／2MS＋6．BA1mg·L^-1＋NAA0-3mg·L^-1。     

Somatic embryo formation and germination from immature embryo-derived suspension-cultured cells of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels

Embryogenic callus was induced from immature embryos of Angelica sinensis cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. Embryogenic callus growth was more rapid on MS basal medium than on B5 or White medium. Embryogenic callus was used to establish a suspension culture and somatic embryos and germinating embryos developed during the culture. A shaking speed of 80 rpm was found to be optimal for establishing suspension cultures, while 100 rpm produced more somatic embryos and germinating embryos with an initiation cell density of 0.2 ml packed cell volume/25 ml medium. Adding 0.3% agar to the liquid medium also stimulated the formation of somatic and germinating embryos. While no plant growth regulators were needed for culture initiation and plant regeneration, the addition of 0.5–1 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was needed to maintain the embryogenic suspension culture by preventing embryo germination. Forty percent of the germinating embryos survived after culturing on filter paper moistened with liquid half-strength MS medium containing 3% sucrose. The plants were successfully transferred into soil. Received: 19 March 1997 / Revision received: 21 November 1997 / Accepted: 19 January 1998     

连作对当归药材挥发油含量的影响

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取不同茬口当归药材挥发油,并用GC-MS法鉴定化学成分,归一化法测定相对含量,比较了不同茬口挥发油出油率及化学成分的差异.结果表明,正茬、迎茬、连作2a、连作3a栽培当归挥发油收率分别为0.95%、0.75%、0.70%、0.64%,挥发油中藁本内酯的相对含量分别为71.62%、49.04%、29.49%、59.58%,藁本内酯的异构化产物邻苯二甲酸酐和1,4-环己二烯1,2-二羧酐的相对含量分别为0.21%和4 47%、3.81%和8.55%、6.48%和10.65%、1.04%和5.33%.因此,与正茬栽培相比,连作栽培当归中挥发油的收率及其中藁本内酯的相对含量均明显降低,但挥发油的组分基本一致.     

当归内酯对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的重建作用(英文)

探讨当归内酯(ASDL)对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的重构作用。通过小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺建立免疫抑制动物模型。采用免疫器官重量法和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验检测了ASDL对非特异性免疫功能的影响;用血清溶血素分光光度法检测了对体液免疫功能的作用;用MTT法进行了致分裂原诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增值反应实验,再用乳酸脱氢酶法测定了NK和CTL细胞活性,从而确定ASDL对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响。结果表明:ASDL能够对免疫低下小鼠的非特性和特异性免疫功能起到一定的重构作用。但是这种效果并不是剂量依赖性的,20 mg/kg这个剂量的效果明显好于5和80 mg/kg这两个剂量。上述结果表明ASDL能够显著提高免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能。     

当归多糖APS-3c的结构特征及体外抗肿瘤作用的研究

中国当归粗多糖经阴离子交换纤维素柱(DEAE-sephadex A-25)、凝胶柱(Sephacryl S-400及Sephadex G100)色谱分离纯化,得淡黄色粉末状多糖APS-3c.采用高效尺寸排阻色谱、红外光谱、气相色谱和糖醛酸还原等方法进行了结构的初步分析,用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法观察APS-3e对多种肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用.结果表明APS-3c为均一组分,分子量为1.4×104 Da,由阿拉伯糖.鼠李糖.葡萄糖-半乳糖-甘露糖-木糖-半乳糖醛酸(6.7:6.5:6.3:4.7:1.6:1.0:13.2)构成,是首次从中国当归中分离出的新型酸性多糖.APS-3c对人白血病HL-60细胞、人结肠癌SW1116细胞的增殖有一定的抑制作用.     

几种匍匐翦股颖成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

利用成熟种子作为外植体,分析了2,4-D对匍匐翦股颖胚性愈伤组织诱导与植株再生体系的影响,并对体细胞胚的发生过程进行了观察.实验结果表明,在2.0 mg/L 2,4-D 0.1 mg/L 6-BA时胚性愈伤组织的诱导频率最高.随着2,4-D浓度的增加,愈伤组织的诱导和分化能力明显下降.在再生过程中采用1.0 mg/L的6-BA达到了比较好的效果,愈伤组织的再生频率大部分在90%以上.同时发现适当提高肌醇浓度可以使苗长得较为粗壮.在实验中发现匍匐翦股颖的体细胞胚发生过程为球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷胚和子叶胚.     

玛咖的愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

1植物名称玛咖(Lepidium meyenii). 2材料类别种子(秘鲁新世纪有限公司提供). 3培养条件以MS为基本培养基.愈伤组织诱导培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA0.5;分化培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 4.0 NAA 0.5;生根培养基:(3)1/2MS NAA 0.5.以上培养基中均加入3%蔗糖、0.7%琼脂,pH 5.6～5.8.温度(25±2)℃,光照时间10～12 h·d-1,光照度为2000～2500 lx.     

木锉芦荟愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生

1 植物名称木锉芦荟(Aloe humilis). 2 材料类别幼嫩叶片,带腋芽并已木质化的茎段(粗约1 cm). 3 培养条件愈伤组织诱导与分化培养基:(1)MS+KT 2.9～3.1 mg·L-1(单位下同)+IBA 1;(2)MS+KT 3+IBA 2;(3)MS+KT 2+IBA 2.腋芽萌生培养基:(4)MS+ZT 0.4～ 0.7+IBA 1.生根培养基:(5) 1/2MS+KT3+IBA 1.5～2;(6) 1/2MS+ZT 0.5+IBA 1.2～2.以上培养基均附加3%蔗糖,0.6%琼脂,pH 5.4～5.8,培养温度为 (25±2)℃,光照度 1 500～2 000 lx,光照12 h·d-1.     

毛萼口红花愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生

1植物名称毛萼口红花(Aeschynanthus lobbianus). 2材料类别叶片. 3培养条件诱导培养基:(1)MS 6-BA1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) GA 0.01 NA A 0.05;(2)MS 6-BA 1 GA 0.01 NAA 0.1.增殖培养基:(3)MS 6-BA 1 NAA 0.1;(4)MS 6-BA 1.5 NAA0.2.生根培养基:(5)1/2MS NAA 0.2.以上培养基均加30 g·L-1的蔗糖,7 g·L-1的琼脂,pH 5.8,高压灭菌.培养温度23～26℃,光照10 h·d-1,光照度2 000 lx左右.     

剪股颖愈伤组织诱导与植株再生

以匍匐剪股颖的成熟种子为外植体,对其愈伤组织诱导及再生体系进行了研究。结果表明:愈伤组织诱导合适的培养基为MS 6mg.L-1 2,4-D 0.2mg.L-1 TDZ 500mg.L-1 CH,诱导率达到68.1%;MS 5mg.L-1 2,4-D 0.1 mg.L-1TDZ 500mg.L-1 CH为愈伤组织继代较合适的培养基;愈伤组织分化的合适培养基为MS 0.3mg.L-1 TDZ 0.5mg.L-1 6-BA,分化率达到52.7%。随着愈伤组织继代次数的增加,胚性愈伤组织的分化能力没有明显的降低,这可为后续的遗传转化长期提供受体材料。     

怀牛膝愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生

1植物名称怀牛膝(Achyranthes bidentata)种子由河南省温县农业科学研究所提供. 2材料类别子叶. 3培养条件以MS为基本培养基.诱导愈伤组织及再分化的培养基:(1)MS 2,4-D 1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) 6-BA 0.1;(2)MS 2,4-D 1.0 6-BA 1.0.生根培养基:(3)MS NAA 0.05.以上培养基均添加3%蔗糖、0.60%琼脂,pH 5.8～6.2,培养温度为(25±2)℃,光照度2 000 lx,光照时间14 h·d-1.     

蓝果树的离体培养和植株再生

1植物名称 蓝果树（Nyssa sinensis Oliv．）,又名紫树。 2材料类别 幼嫩枝条。 3培养条件 以MS为基本培养基。（1）腋芽诱导培养基：1／2MS（CaCl2全量）＋6-BA1．0mg·L^-1（单位下同）＋IBA0．1;（2）不定芽增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA1．0—2．0＋KT1．0＋IBA0．1-0.3;（3）壮苗培养基：MS＋6-BA0．5＋IBA0．2;     

帝王秋海棠愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生

1植物名称帝王秋海棠(Begonia imperialis Lem.)。2材料类别幼嫩叶片、茎段(粗约1cm)。3培养条件愈伤组织诱导与分化培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 1.0mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.1;(2)