小钩丝壳属的一个新变种

本文报道寄生于金缕梅科(Hamamelidaceae)山枫香(Liquidambar formosana Hance)上小钩丝壳属的一个新变种枫香小钩丝壳贵阳变种[Uncinuliella liquidambaris(Zheng &Chen)Zheng,Chen & Z.X.Chen var.guiyangensis Wu & Wu]。     

皱叶黄杨的一个新异名

根据对小叶黄杨(Buxus sinica (Rehder & Wilson)Cheng ex M.Cheng var.parvifolia M.Cheng)模式标本的研究, 并比较皱叶黄杨(Buxus rugulosa Hatusima)的标本, 而将小叶黄杨作为皱叶黄杨的新异名。     

594. PTEROCARYA MACROPTERA var. INSIGNIS

Summary.  Pterocarya macroptera var. insignis (Rehder & Wilson) Manning (Juglandaceae) is illustrated and described. Its relationship with related species is documented, and the present and former distribution of the genus is discussed.     

796. ROSA DAVIDII

The flowers and ripe hips of Rosa davidii Crépin from western Sichuan are illustrated. The type variety, and var. elongata Rehder & Wilson are compared and their history and relationship with sympatric species are examined.     

Five new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from China

Five new species of eriophyoid mites of the subfamily Phyllocoptinae from China are described and illustrated, namely Tegolophus liquidambaricola sp. nov.(Anthocoptini) infesting Liquidambar formosana Hance var.(Hamamelidaceae), Abacarus paniceus sp. nov.(Anthocoptini) infesting Panicum notatum Retz.(Poaceae), Tetra armato sp. nov.(Anthocoptini) infesting Zanthoxylum armatum DC. var. armatum(Rutaceae), Pentaconvexus lambertianus sp. nov.(Acaricalini) infesting Rubus lambertiannus Ser.(Rosaceae) and Parategonotus acanthopanacinus sp. nov.(Tegonotini) infesting Acanthopanax gracilistylus W. W. Smith(Araliaceae). All these new species are free-living on the undersurface of leaves and cause indistinctive damage to the host plants.     

Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Chamaecyparis inferred from leaf essential oil

The species differentiation between Chamaecyparis formosensis, C. obtusa var. formosana, and C. obtusa, based on the composition of the leaf essential oils, was studied. The characterization of the oils by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses showed remarkable differences between these three essential oils. Cluster analysis (CA) and principal-component analysis (PCA) distinguished three groups of essential oils. The C. formosensis oil was dominated by α-pinene while those isolated from C. obtusa var. formosana and C. obtusa were characterized by high levels of (-)-thujopsene and α-terpinyl acetate, respectively. Moreover, the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Chamaecyparis were in agreement with previous findings based on morphological and molecular evidence. In addition, the essential oils from C. obtusa var. formosana could be classified into three chemical types, according to their different characteristic main compounds (β-elemol, (-)-thujopsene, and cis-thujopsenal). The biochemical correlations between the major constituents of the Chamaecyparis species were examined and their relationship is discussed.     

小流域治理20年后的千烟洲植物多样性

研究了小流域治理20年后千烟洲植物α多样性和β多样性,结果如下:1)优势度:所有人工林乔、灌、草3层均以乔木层优势度最大,且乔木层优势度均大于天然次生林和枫香(Liquidambar formosana)林,而所有天然次生林及枫香林均以乔木层优势度最小。12种类型群落灌木层优势度都较小,均值仅0.17。草本层,白茅(Imperata cylindrica var. major)草丛和檵木(Loropetalum chinense)-疏花雀麦(Bromus remotiflorus)灌丛优势度较大,分别为0.53和0.51。2)多样性:从乔、灌、草3层比较,枫香林、天然马尾松(Pinus massoniana)林以乔木层最大,其它群落以灌木层最大,而所有人工林以乔木层最低。乔木层中枫香林最高(2.61);灌木层和草本层多样性存在相似之处:马尾松 + 湿地松(Pinus elliottii)林最高,除马尾松+山鸡椒(Litsea cubeba)林、板栗(Castanea mollissima)+枫香林外,其它人工林多样性均高于天然次生林和枫香林。3)丰富度:各群落均以灌木层最大;枫香林乔木层和灌木层种类丰富度均很高,但草本层很低;天然次生林乔木层丰富度指数大于人工林。4)均匀度:从灌、草层比较,除檵木-疏花雀麦灌丛和白茅草丛外,其它群落草本层均匀度均大于灌木层。乔木层,板栗+枫香林和马尾松+山鸡椒林均匀度指数很大,大于0.76,其它人工林均匀度小于天然次生林和枫香林。灌木层,除板栗+枫香林外,其它人工林均匀度都大于天然次生林和枫香林。5)β多样性与α多样性相互补充,很好地反映了不同群落类型之间的差异。β多样性将12种类型群落分成3大类,草丛、灌丛、具乔木层的群落,其中草丛与其它类型群落相异性最大。枫香林是位于人工林与天然次生林之间的过渡类型。     

The identity of some taxa of Schizophragma (Saxifragaceae)

After examining a large number of type and authoritative specimens of Schizophragma Siebold & Zucc., S. elliptifolium C. F. Wei and S. integrifolium var. glaucescens Rehder were reduced to synonyms of S. hypoglaucum Rehder and S. integrifolium f. cordatum S. Y. Wang was reduced to synonym of S. corylifolium Chun. Schizophragma crassum var. ellipticum J. Anthony was treated as the correct name of S. crassum var. hsitaoanum (Chun) C. F. Wei. The name S. integrifolium var. minus Rehder is reinstated. The taxonomic treat-ment is supported by leaf epidermal characters.     

Performance of Lymantria xylina (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) on artificial and host plant diets

Lymantria xylina Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) is a serious defoliator of hardwood and fruit trees in Taiwan. The larvae of L. xylina feed on >63 species of host plants, belonging to 29 families. Because a large number of larvae are needed for the production of nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV) or other related studies, the development of a suitable artificial diet is very important for the mass rearing of this moth in the laboratory. In this study, eight artificial diets, modified from different formulas, and one host plant, Liquidambar formosana Hance, were used to feed L. xylina caterpillars. Through various bioassays (first instar survival trial and long- and short-term feeding trials), the most suitable diet for the L. xylina was selected by performance comparisons with L. formosana. After the first instar survival trial, two of the diets were discarded, because no larva survived on these diets. The results of the long-term feeding trial indicated that the larvae grew successfully on only three kinds of artificial diet. Finally, results of the short-term feeding trial revealed that a diet (diet A), modified from the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), formula diet, was the most appropriate for the L. xylina. Larvae fed on diet A had better survival rate, pupal weight, adult size, efficiency of conversion, and relative growth rate than larvae fed on other diets; they did not grow as well as those fed on L. formosana, however, except for pupal and adult weight, and approximate digestibility. In summary, diet A was found to be the best of the artificial diets for the L. xylina and is suitable for mass rearing of this moth in the laboratory.     

重瓣多花紫藤(豆科),一种中国新记录园艺植物

首次报道一种中国新记录园艺植物,重瓣多花紫藤[Wisteria floribunda(Willd.) DC. f. violaceo-plena(Schneider) Rehder & Wilson].     

Systematics and evolutionary relationships of the mountain lizard Liolaemus monticola (Liolaemini): how morphological and molecular evidence contributes to reveal hidden species diversity

The delimitation of species is a major issue in systematic biology and has been a re-emerging discipline in the last decade. A number of studies have shown that the use of multiple data sets is critical for the identification of cryptic species, particularly in groups with complex evolutionary histories. Liolaemus monticola is a montane lizard species distributed in central Chile (32°–42°S), with four described subspecies in a latitudinal gradient from north to south: L. m. monticola , L. m. chillanensis , L. monticola ssp. and L. m. villaricensis . In order to test the systematic status and phylogenetic relationships of the taxa included in the L. monticola group, we analysed morphological (morphometric and meristic) and molecular (allozyme and mitochondrial DNA) data sets. The results of the morphological analyses showed that meristic variables correctly assigned individuals with higher accuracy than did morphometric characters. The results of the analyses of allozyme data revealed eight diagnostic loci that are evidence for significant differences among the four L. monticola subspecies. Phylogenetic analyses with mitochondrial DNA data, including additional species, showed that the L. monticola group is polyphyletic. We postulate that the four current subspecies represent independent evolutionary lineages and must be raised to the specific level as L. monticola , L. chillanensis and L. villaricensis . The taxonomic status of the unnamed L. monticola ssp. remains unresolved, although we provide a preliminary proposal.  © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2009, 96 , 635–650.     

714. ROSA GLOMERATA

Rosa glomerata Rehder & Wilson (Rosaceae, sect. Synstylae) a rampant climber from western China, is illustrated and described. Related species are compared, and their cultivation is discussed.     

Anti-termitic activities of essential oils from coniferous trees against Coptotermes formosanus

In this study, the anti-termitic activities of 11 essential oils from three species of coniferous tree against Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki were investigated using direct contact application. Results demonstrated that at the dosage of 10 mg/g, the heartwood and sapwood essential oils of Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana and Cryptomeria japonica and the leaf essential oil of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana had 100% mortality after 5 d of test. Among the tested essential oils, the heartwood essential oil of C. macrolepis var. formosana killed all termites after 1 d of test, with an LC(50) value of 2.6 mg/g, exhibiting the strongest termiticidal property. The termiticidal effect of heartwood essential oil was due to its toxicity and its repellent action.     

中国6个植物原白中排印错误之更正

对我国紫草科（Boraginaceae）的密花齿缘草（Eritrichium confetiflorum W. T. Wang）、锚刺果（Glochisocaryum kansuense W. T. Wang）和大花长叶微孔草（Microula trichocarpa（Maxim.） Johnst. var. macrantha W. T. Wang）,唇形科（Lamiaceae）的宽叶香茶菜（Rabdosia latifolia C. Y. Wu & H. W. Li）,苦苣苔科（Gesneriaceae）的矮直瓣苣苔（Ancylostemon humilis W. T. Wang）以及葫芦科（Cucurbitaceae）的黑子赤瓟（Thladiantha villosula Cogn. var. nigrita A. M. Lu & Z. Y. Zhang）原白中主模式标本引证的排印错误做了更正。密花齿缘草原白中错误地将主模式标本引证为杨昌友700422,实际应为杨昌友700442。锚刺果原白中用中文错误地将主模式标本引证为傅坤俊1989,实际应为傅坤俊1489,前者属于百合科（Liliaceae）的Asparagus sichuanicus S. C. Chen & D. Q. Liu。大花长叶微孔草原白中主模式标本引证为李馨70287,实际应为李馨72087,前者属于杜鹃花科（Ericaceae）的Rhododendron edgarianum Rehder & Wilson。宽叶香茶菜原白中主模式标本引证为曲桂龄2049,实际应为曲桂龄2046,前者属于蔷薇科（Rosaceae）的Rosa caudata Baker。矮直瓣苣苔原白中主模式标本引证为杨光辉59063,实际应为杨光辉59043,前者属于桦木科（Betulaceae）的Betula fargesii Franch.。黑子赤瓟原白中主模式标本引证为冯国楣3439,实际应为冯国楣3429,前者属于伞形科（Apiaceae）的Bupleurum rockii H. Wolff。     

中国蛇床属植物研究

经研究整理,我国蛇床属(Cnidium Cuss.)植物有4种,2变种:蛇床(C.monnieri(L.)Cuss.),碱蛇床(C.salinum Turcz.),兴安蛇床(C.dahuricum(Jacq.)Turcz.ex Fisch.et Mey.),滨蛇床(C.japonicum Miq.),台湾蛇床(C.monnieri var.formosana(Yabe)Kitag.)和根茎碱蛇床(C.salinum var.rhizomaticum Ma),对原属蛇床属的两个种做了名称新组合:辛家山亮蛇床(Selinum sinchianum(Fu)Yuan et Li),无油管亮蛇床(Selinum nullivittatum(Fu)Yuan et Li)。对上述种类进行了分类研究、果实显微及扫描电镜观察和花粉粒扫描电镜观察。     

539. Rosa Chinensis f. Spontanea

Summary.  The wild form of the commonly cultivated Rosa chinensis Jacq., f. spontanea Rehder & Wilson, is illustrated and described. The history of its discovery and introduction to cultivation in western gardens is given. The typification and synonymy of R. chinensis are discussed.     

Anti-neuroinflammatory constituents from Sinomenium acutum rhizomes

In our continuing search for bioactive constituents from Korean medicinal sources, an investigation of the Sinomenium acutum Rehder et Wilson rhizome afforded three new lignan derivatives (1⿿3) together with nine known compounds (4⿿12). The identification and structural elucidation of these new compounds were based on 1D and 2D-NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY) and MS data. The absolute configurations were established based on the CD data. Nitric oxide production was evaluated in the BV-2 lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia cell line to investigate the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of the isolated compounds (1⿿12).     

东北地区菊属植物叶表面结构的研究

本文利用光镜和扫描电镜研究了中国东北菊尼（Ｄｅｎｄｒａｎｔｈｅｍａ）９种和变种（野菊;葫芦岛野菊;楔叶菊;小红菊;甘菊;甘菊甘野菊;紫花野菊;细叶菊和小山菊）的叶表面特征。这些类群在表皮细胞,气孔复体和毛状体方面等存在着一些差异。依据这些特征讨论了一些类群的关系并尝试性地依据这些特征编制了这些类群检索表。     

西藏和云南槭树科新资料

作者在编写Flora of China槭树科的过程中,整理鉴定大量的标本,发现两个西藏分布新记录种以及一个中国分布新记录变种,现记载如下。