云南蕨类植物小志

根据ＰＹＵ（云南大学蕨类植物标本室）保存的标本,报道云南蕨类植物若干新资料,内容为：３新种,２新变种,中国分布新记录２种,云南分布新记录１属３种,１个种的新组合名称,另１个种的属、科位置的订正及其新组合名称。     

Taxonomic revision of and supplement to the Tectaria Cav. (Aspidiaceae) from Yunnan,China

Tectaria Cav. is a large fern genus of ca. 150 species distributed in the tropic and subtropic regions of the world, of which 27 species and two varieties occur in China. These species are mostly distributed in the southern part to the Yangtze River, mainly concentrated in Yunnan, only two species spreading northwards to Sichuan located in the northern part to the Yangtze River. Based on examination of specimens deposited in KUN and PE, many of which are recent collections, a new species is described, one species and one variety are recognized as new records for China, one species as new record for Yunnan, one species as new record for Guizhou, and four specific names, i. e., T. cosimilis Ching et C. H. Wang, T. decurrenti-alata Ching et C. H. Wang, T. fengii Ching et C. H. Wang, T. simaoensis Ching et C. H. Wang are reduced to synonymies. As a re-suit, 22 species and two varieties are recognized in the genus Tectaria from Yunnan.     

云南叉蕨属(Tectaria Cav.)的增补与订正

叉蕨属是蕨类植物的大属之一,全世界约150种,分布于世界热带及亚热带地区。据记载,中国 有27种、2变种,分布在长江以南,仅有2种北达长江以北四川境内,而大部分种类集中分布在云南。近 来,笔者主要对保存在中国科学院昆明植物研究所标本室的标本进行了清理,也参考了中国科学院植物 研究所标本馆的标本,这些标本不少是近年来所采集,其中,发现1新种并有1种和1变种为中国新记 录,1种为云南新记录,1种为贵州新记录,有4个种名是新异名,即Tectaria cosimilis Ching et C．H．Wang, T．decurrenti-calata Ching et C．H．Wang,T．fengii Ching et C. H．Wang,T．Simaoensis Ching et C.H．Wang。至此,所知云南产叉蕨属有22种、2变种。     

云南虉草族植物的订正

在禾本科植物编志工作中,我们先后订正了一些族、属和种的分类学问题,发现了不少新植物和一些在我国境内首次记录的种。本文只报道云南虉草族的各分类群,包括茅香属1种,黄花茅属4种1变种,其中1个是新种,1个是新变种,1种是中国新记录,虉草属3种及1变种,其中2种是中国新记录。     

中国蓼族(蓼科)植物区系的研究

根据蓼族植物的生境及分布状况,在全国范围内进行多年的野外考察和标本采集,同时参考前人的研究成果对中国蓼族植物区系进行深入研究。结果表明,中国蓼族植物有12属、170余种及变种,包括发现的多个新种(其中3新种已正式发表,1新种已被植物分类学报接受);同时揭示了其区系特点:(1)分布广泛,在全国各省区从低海拔到高海拔的区域内均有分布;(2)区系具温带性质,以北温带成分为主;(3)全国范围内,四川拥有该族在中国分布的全部12属,种及变种数占全国的51.7%,特有种数占全国的44.4%;云南分布11属占全国的91·7%,种及变种数占全国的62.2%,特有种数占全国的55.6%。这表明西南地区的云南、四川是中国蓼族植物的现代分布中心和多样化中心;(4)中国有该族植物12属,170余种及变种,分别占世界属种数的85.7%和48.0%～58.2%。可见中国(尤其是四川、云南)是世界蓼族植物的现代分布中心和多样化中心。     

云南姜科植物的增补与修订

据中国植物志(1981),云南有姜科植物17属, 78种,9变种。其后多篇文章论及一些种属,标本也有较多的增加。本文根据现有的标本与文献资料对云南姜科植物作增补与修订,共涉及16属15种,包括1个新种,7个修定后的异名。云南共计有姜科植物18属,148种和11变种。     

云南黏菌汇录

云南是我国生物多样性高度丰富的地区之一,蕴藏着丰富的黏菌资源。根据作者的研究、复核和考证,作者汇录了目前已知的分属于6目10科33属的云南黏菌135种10变种,其中27种为云南省首次记录,团孢发网菌(Stemonitis uviferaT.Macbr.)为中国新记录种。     

On the Chinese Species of Passifloraceae

The present paper is an outcome of taxonomic study of Chinese passifloraceous plants. It contains 2 genera, 23 species, 2 varieties and 7 cultivarieties, of which one species is described as new and two are first recorded from China. The Chinese passifloraceous plants are mainly distributed in Yunnan (2 gen. 16 sp.), Guangdong (2 gen. 9sp.) and Guangxi (2 gen. 8 sp.).     

云南东南部赤车属和楼梯草属研究随记

描述了云南东南部荨麻科楼梯草属5个新种和3个新变种;报导了赤车属1个种和楼梯草属3个种在云南的新分布。     

云南省柳叶藓科植物新记录

在研究标本和文献的基础上,报道了云南省柳叶藓科植物的11个新分布记录种和3个变种,包括1个中国新分布记录种细肋镰刀藓(Drepnocaldus tenuinervis Kop.),并对它们的生境和地理分布作了初步讨论．     

Biogeographical Divergence of the Flora of Yunnan,Southwestern China Initiated by the Uplift of Himalaya and Extrusion of Indochina Block

The floral composition of Yunnan is conspicuously linked to the biogeographical history of this extremely species-rich province in southwestern China. The floristic compositions of three representative regions in Yunnan were compared to reveal their variation with geography. From southern Yunnan, 4150 native species (including subspecies and varieties) from 1240 genera and 183 families of seed plants were recognized. From central Yunnan 3389 native species from 1095 genera and 167 families of seed plants were recognized. From northwestern Yunnan 6807 native species from 1296 genera and 166 families of seed plants were recognized. Although these three floras across Yunnan are similar in familial composition, similarities between the floras of southern and northwestern Yunnan are low at the generic and specific levels. The flora of northwestern Yunnan is dominated by families and genera with cosmopolitan and north temperate distributions, while the flora of southern Yunnan is dominated by tropical families and genera. Northwestern Yunnan is composed largely of temperate genera, of which the highest proportion has a north temperate distribution. In contrast, southern Yunnan has mainly tropical genera, of which most have a tropical Asian distribution. The flora of central Yunnan is a combination of southern and northwestern Yunnan. These three floras might be derived from a common Tertiary tropical or subtropical East Asian flora, but the geological history of each region has influenced its flora, and they have remained divergent since the late Tertiary. The flora of northwestern Yunnan has evolved with the uplift of the Himalayas and by gradual proliferation of mainly cosmopolitan and north temperate floristic elements, while the flora of southern Yunnan has evolved with extrusion of the Indochina block and the influence of mainly tropical Asian elements.     

中国粗叶本属（茜草科）的植物地理研究

本文研究了中国产粗叶本属植物３０种４亚种和７变种的地理分布,划分出三个分布区类型,十二个变型和四个亚变型。根据种多度和分布特征,中国粗叶本属植物在分布上表现出与中国的热带雨林、季雨林区,南亚热带常绿阔叶林带和中亚热带常绿阔叶林带相匹配的分布规律,并受几条植物地理界线的作用。通过对地理替代类群和一些特殊分布式样的分析,显示了所谓的“田中线”和一条北起四川峨眉向南经贵州西南部至广西西部的界线对粗叶木种的分布,特别是对中国－喜马拉雅和中国－日本替代分布具有明显的作用。这导致笔者认为“田中线”作为中国－日本分布的西界而另一第线作为中国－喜马拉雅分布的东界。进一步的分析还揭示由云南南部沿缅甸、泰国向南延伸的横断山余脉既充做一条植物南－北迁移的通道又是一条中南半岛西部（印－缅）与东部（印度支那－华南）的植物地理界线。     

A preliminary study on Sabiaceae of China

This paper is a preliminary study on the Sabiaceae in aspects of its morphology, taxonomy and geography. We propose that the Sabioideae and Meliosmoideae as two new subfamilies of Sabiaceae according to the external morphology, flower structure and geographical distribution of these two genera respectively. This paper follows the taxonomic concepts of Luetha Chen on Sabia and C. F. van Beusekom on Meliosma. We agree with them for their classification of these two genera above the specific rank. As to the revision work of Sabia by van de Water and C. F. van Beusekom’s work on Meliosma we disagree for their unduly broad specific concepts. We rather treat the species of these two genera according to their habitats in regions on a relatively narrower sense. The genus Sabia of China are classified into 2 tribes, with 16 species, 5 subspecies and 2 varieties in which 4 subspecies and l variety are as new combinations, the genus of Meliosma in China are classified into 2 subgenera with 29 species, and 7 varieties of which 4 varieties are new combinations. After examining the affinity of the species of Sabia and Meliosma in China and its neighboring nations such as Burma, Japan and Bhutan, we found that their migration initiated from China, as the primitive species of these two genera occured in northeast and central part of Yunnan, sou theast of Sichuan, north of Guizhou and west of Hubei, the region may probably be the main origin of these two genera. As shown in tables 1 & 2, the localities where the species of these two genera densely populate they are from Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guangdong coinciding with the concepts of C. F. van Beusekom and van de Water about the distribution of exotic species of these two genera, it may reasonable be pointed out that the center of distribution of these two genera is Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong and nieghboring nations, upper Burma and northern Vietnam. Futhermore, it may be seen that starting from this center the number of species become less and less as they proceed far and far awaybut become more advance in evolution.     

紫堇属突尖紫堇组的订正

突尖紫堇组计６种２变种,特产于中国西部的四川,云南,贵州,而集中分化于四川西部。本文描述了本组的特征集要,４新种和２新变种,即龙溪紫堇,凯里紫堇,羽叶紫堇,长距紫堇,无囊紫堇,多裂长距紫堇。     

基于样方数据的云南松林分生长模型研究——以云南省保山市杨柳白族彝族乡为例

以云南省保山市杨柳白族彝族乡实地调查的86块云南松样地数据,使用非线性拟合的方法拟合优选常用树木生长方程,建立了包括地位指数、密度指数、平均直径和蓄积量的生长模型。经验生长方程Schumacher的拟合度与其它方程相近,但模型中参数变异系数均比其余方程低,为地位指数、平均直径和蓄积量的最优方程。     

Materia ad Floram Cucurbitacearum Sinensium — Hemsleya Cogn.

the present paper is a meterial of the genus Hemsleya Cogn. for flora of China-Cucurbitaceae. The genus Hemsleya was established by C. A. Cogniaux in 1889. By 1982 about 7 species had been discovered in China, and most of them are mainly distributed in S. W. China, particularly in Yunnan and Sichuan. Their tubers have been used as a folk medicine for a long time. However, we began to search for them, and meanwhile collect and cultivate them, only about ten years ago. After a general survey and taxonomical study, 20 species of Hemsleya are recorded from Yunnan in the paper. Among them 18 species and 3 varieties are new. All the types are kept in Herb. KUN. According to the characters, of corolla and fruit also the seed condition, widely or narrowly winged, proposed are four sections, namely: Sect. I. Craciliflorae; Sect. II. Amabiles; Sect. III. Carnosiflorae and Sect. IV. Hemsleya, among which 3 are new.     

The Current Status of Bird Diversity in Yunnan Province

1IntroductionYunnanProvince,whichislocatedinsouthwestofChina(21?8'-29?8'N,97?1'-106?2'E),isgeographicallythemainpartofYunnan-GuizhouPlateau.Itstotalareaisabout383000squarekilometers.About94%ofthetotalareaaremountainousareas.Itslopesdownwardfromnorthwesttosoutheast.ThehighestpointisKageboPeakofMeliSnowMountain,atanelevationof6740m,inthenorthwestofYunnan.Thelowestpointis76.4mabovesealevelinYunjiang(RedRiver)outletofsoutheastofYunnan.YunnanProvinceiswithinthezoneofmonsoonclimateintropics…     

中国金合欢属植物的分类,分布及其区系的起源

本文对中国金合欢属(Acacia Miller)的分类、分布及其区系的起源进行了初步的研究;初步确立了本地区金合欢属植物约13种,3变种,其中包括2个新记录种,2个新变种;它们主要分布在西南及华南热带亚热带地区,尤以云南为最多。中国的金合欢届种类较贫乏,主要属Subgen. Aculeiferum,且几乎都是较原始的“A. pennata”体态,大都处于其分布区的边缘,种间关系较密切,区系比较年轻。该区系是中南半岛金合欢区系的一部分,除Subgen. Heterophyllum是来自澳洲外,其余最终通过印度板块来自非洲。     

云南森林植物区系研究

云南森林植物(系指木本植物)主要起源于新生代,少数古老种起源于古生代至中生代。云南森林植物区系成分极为丰富而复杂,据研究已知森林植物149科(蕨类植物1科,裸子植物10科,被子植物138科),840属,5271种。本文根据对云南森林植物15个分布区类型统计分析,证明云南森林植物区系明显富于热带性同时兼有丰富的温带成分,热带属占总属数72.12％,温带属占总属数21.87％,中国特有属在云南有46属,占云南总属数5.33％。中国特有属的三个分布中心。有两个分布中心在云南(即新特有属中心和古老特有属中心)。本文还对云南森林植物区系的地理成分起源;云南森林植物区系成分复杂、丰富之成因;云南森林植物开发利用之前景进行了研究和探讨。     

中国西南与台湾地区维管植物的间断分布格局及形成机制

植物的间断分布格局及其形成机制是植物地理学研究的重要问题之一。本文在对中国大陆与台湾名录整理比较的基础上,对中国西南与台湾地区的植物间断分布格局及形成机制进行了分析。结果表明,两地同种型间断分布的维管植物有198种(包括变种和亚种),隶属于56科129属,其中蕨类植物86种,裸子植物3种,双子叶植物56种,单子叶植物53种;两地异种型间断分布的维管植物有22属,隶属于15科,其中蕨类植物6属,裸子植物1属,双子叶植物7属,单子叶植物兰科8属。间断分布类群以草本植物为主,主要是蕨类和兰科植物。间断分布类群在台湾地区主要分布在中部到东北部,在大陆的分布主要集中在川东–鄂西地区、川西–滇西北地区–藏东南地区和滇东南–桂西–黔西南地区。在垂直高度上,海拔1,550–2,350m是间断分布类群最集中分布的海拔范围。我们推测中国西南与台湾地区的间断分布类群有3种来源:北半球温带、中国西南和热带亚洲来源。