叉蕨科4属5种植物配子体的发育模式及其系统学意义

利用光学显微镜详细观察了叉蕨科(Aspidiaceae)4属5种植物, 即肋毛蕨属(Ctenitis (C. Chr.)C. Chr.)的亮鳞肋毛蕨 (C. subglandulosa (Hance)Ching)和海南肋毛蕨(C. decurrenti-pinnata (Ching)Ching)、轴脉蕨属(Ctenitopsis Ching ex Tard.-Blot et C. Chr.)的轴脉蕨(C. sagenioides (Mett.)Ching)、黄腺羽蕨属(Pleocnemia Presl )的黄腺羽蕨(P. winitti Holtt.)以及叉蕨属(Tectaria Cav.)的剑叶叉蕨(T. leptophylla (C. H. Wright)Ching)的配子体发育过程, 记录了配子体各发育阶段的模式特征, 认为这5种植物的孢子、丝状体、片状体、生长点、翼片、细胞、毛状体和假根等具有稳定的系统学意义。检索结果与该科的经典分类结果基本相似, 并在此基础上编写了各分类群的检索表。本研究为叉蕨科系统学研究积累了详实的配子体形态学资料。     

叉蕨科4属5种植物配子体的发育模式及其系统学意义

利用光学显微镜详细观察了叉蕨科（Aspidiaceae）4属5种植物,即肋毛蕨属（Ctenitis（C．Chr．）C．Chr．）的亮鳞肋毛蕨（C．subglandulosa（Hance）Ching）和海南肋毛蕨（C．decurrenti-pmnata（Ching）Ching）、轴脉蕨属（Ctenitopsis Ching ex Tard-Blot et C．Chr．）的轴脉蕨（C．sagenioides（Mett．）Ching）、黄腺羽蕨属（Pleocnemia Presl）的黄腺羽蕨（P．winitti Holtt．）以及叉蕨属（Tectaria Cav．）的剑叶叉蕨（T.leptophylla（C．H．Wright）Ching）的配子体发育过程,记录了配子体各发育阶段的模式特征,认为这5种植物的孢子、丝状体、片状体、生长点、翼片、细胞、毛状体和假根等具有稳定的系统学意义。检索结果与该科的经典分类结果基本相似,并在此基础上编写了各分类群的检索表。本研究为叉蕨科系统学研究积累了详实的配子体形态学资料。     

越南蕨类植物的新记载(1)

报道了越南6种新记载的蕨类植物,包括分布和简短讨论Christensenia assamica (Griff.) Ching,Arthropteris repens (Brack.)C.Chr.,Cyrtomium hemionitis H.Christ,Cyrtogonellum sichouensis S.K.Wu & Musuta,Dryopteris conjugata Ching,and Lepisorus sinensis (H.Christ) Ching.     

河南省鳞毛蕨科耳蕨属一新记录种——亮叶耳蕨

报道了河南省鳞毛蕨科耳蕨属一新记录种——亮叶耳蕨(Polystichum lanceolatum Baker)。对该种进行了特征描述,并编制了河南耳蕨属植物检索表。该种近似正宇耳蕨(P.liui Ching),但羽片上侧耳状凸起不明显,边缘有7～8个具短刺头的牙状齿,孢子囊群在主脉上侧最多3个,下侧不育或偶有1个,囊群盖圆盾形,全缘等特征而不同。凭证标本存放于河南农业大学植物标本馆(HEAC)。     

香港蕨类植物分布新记录和名称修订(三)

报道了近年在香港再发现的两个属－黄腺蕨属（叉蕨科）和网藤蕨属（藤蕨科）,并对港产的黄腺蕨、有盖黄腺蕨和网藤蕨的标本和文献进行整理,及对国产的相近种类作分类处理,把钩形黄腺羽蕨和广西黄腺羽蕨归并于黄腺蕨中。此外,亦对网藤蕨进行了长期观察,证实了Holtum关于该种的叶轴顶端的形态修正。黄腺蕨属和网藤蕨属在香港的再发现,对华南蕨植物地理区系的研究具有一定的意义。由于这两属在本地均为罕见之种类,故可考虑到入得法珍稀蕨类名单之内。     

Morphogenesis of the sexual phase of six Mexican species of the Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae), Part II]

The development of the sexual phase of six Mexican species of Dryopteris is described and compared. Spores of all studied species are monolete, ellipsoid and have a rugose surface; the perine is folded, brown to dark brown, with a tubercled outline. Germination pattern is of the Vittaria-type and the development pattern of the prothallia is of the Aspidium-type. Gametangia are of the common type for the leptosporangiate advanced ferns. First leaves of the sporophytes appear 258-265 after sowing and apparently in Dryopteris pseudo-filix-mas the sporophyte have an apogamic origin (80 days). To make a comparative analysis of gametophytic characteristics in the twelve Mexican species and conclude of germination is of the Vittaria-type and development pattern prothallial is of the Aspidium-type, and unicelular trichomes on margin and superficial gametophytic to yield irregular aspect are characteristics to yield unit and characteristic to genera to conform Dryopteridaceae family (sensu Moran 1995) with the exception of Didymochlaena genus.     

浙江省蕨类植物新记录

报道浙江省蕨类植物新记录种4个,即膜蕨科的毛蕗蕨Hymenophyllum exsertum Wall. ex Hook.、墨兰瓶蕨Vandenboschia cystoseiroides (Christ) Ching和管苞瓶蕨Vandenboschia kalamocarpa (Hayata) Ebihara,以及鳞毛蕨科的二型肋毛蕨Ctenitis dingnanensis Ching。凭证标本存放于浙江省景宁县林业局标本馆。     

Anatomy of six species of Dryopteris ferns (Dryopteridaceae) from Mexico

Rhizome and foliar anatomy of the Mexican Dryopteris Adans. species were studied and compared with other Dryopteridaceae and other fern families to identify anatomical features with diagnostic value. The anatomy of rhizome, stipe, and blade is similar in species of the Dryopteris patula complex. The cells with un-lignified, thickened wall, with cap or U-shape around the meristeles belong to the collenchyma, in contrast with other fern families. Dryopteris wallichiana (Spreng.) Hyl. is anatomically distinguished from the other studied species by having more layers of sclerenchyma and meristeles on the stipe, and by the lack of sclereid nests on the rhizome. Dryopteris rossii C. Chr. and D. maxonii Underw. & C. Chr. are characterized by the presence of crystals on the periphery of rhizome nests. D. maxonni and D. wallichiana lack blade glands.     

柳叶蕨属（鳞毛蕨科）分类性状观察

通过查阅馆藏标本和野外观察,对柳叶蕨属(Cyrtogonellum Ching)的形态特征进行了比较和分析。研究发现,叶脉游离或网结、顶羽片的有无、羽片对数和孢子表面纹饰等4个形态特征较为稳定,可以作为属下分类的主要依据;羽片形状和羽片大小在各个大类中较为稳定,但难以区分近缘种;而植株大小易受生境条件的影响,变异较大,不能单独用作属下分种的依据。     

中国25个蕨类植物名称原白中排印错误之更正

根据《国际藻类、菌物和植物命名法规》（深圳法规）规则9.2的精神,对我国25个蕨类植物名称的原白中指定的主模式标本错误做了更正,这些植物名称是粤里白、峨眉里白、云南姬蕨、阔基凤丫蕨、川西蹄盖蕨、无盖蹄盖蕨、贡山蹄盖蕨、哈巴蹄盖蕨、假轴果蹄盖蕨、大盖蹄盖蕨、金佛山蛾眉蕨、城口假冷蕨、墨脱红线蕨、镰羽复叶耳蕨、离脉柳叶蕨、弓羽柳叶蕨、木坪贯众、秦岭贯众、强壮鳞毛蕨、西天目鳞毛蕨、百山祖鳞毛蕨、离柄沙皮蕨、毛根蕨、长柄线蕨和长瓦韦。     

The family Lomariopsidaceae (Filicopsida) and its probable ancestors

The family Lomariopsidaceae includes eight genera of tropical ferns– Arthrobotrya, Bolbitis, Egenolfia, Elaphoglossum, Lomagramma, Lomariopsis, Teratophyllum and Thysanosoria. Salient morphological features of the Lomariopsidaceae have been enumerated. Views of various authors postulating evolution of this family from Thelypteroid, Dryopteroid, Polystichoid or Dennstaedtioid stocks are discussed and it is concluded that they do not seem to be the ancestors of the Lomariopsidoid ferns. On the other hand, it appears, on the basis of various characters, that the Tectarioid ferns could possibly be the ancestors of the Lomariopsidaceae.     

湖南丹霞地貌区蕨类植物多样性

丹霞地貌是有别于石灰岩地貌和花岗岩地貌的特殊地貌类型,发育着较为独特的植被类型和植物区系。我们于2007-2010年间对湖南新宁崀山、茶陵浣溪、平江石牛寨、资兴程江口、浏阳达浒、通道万佛山、沅陵五强溪夸父山、溆浦思蒙等地丹霞地貌的蕨类植物进行了广泛调查,报道了湖南丹霞地貌区蕨类植物31科66属183种的详细名录。其中,无腺姬蕨(Hypolepis polypodioides)、隐囊蕨(Notholaena hirsuta)、仙霞铁线蕨(Adiantum juxtapo-situm)、百山祖短肠蕨(Allantodia baishanzuensis)、肉质短肠蕨(A.succulenta)、骨碎补铁角蕨(Asplenium ritoense)、钝齿耳蕨(Polystichum deltodon var.henryi)、无盖耳蕨(P.gymnocarpium)、单羽耳蕨(P.simplicipinnum)、二型肋毛蕨(Ctenitis dingnanensis)等9种为湖南新记录种。湖南丹霞地貌的蕨类植物种类组成主要有鳞毛蕨科、蹄盖蕨科、水龙骨科、金星蕨科、卷柏科、铁角蕨科等较大科及鳞毛蕨属(Dryopteris)、卷柏属(Selaginella)、铁角蕨属(Asplenium)、短肠蕨属(Allantodia)和凤尾蕨属(Pteris)等较大属。生态适应特点分析表明丹霞地貌既有喜钙质土的种类,也有喜酸性土的种类,仙霞铁线蕨和无盖耳蕨可能是丹霞地貌的特有植物,因而具有石灰岩地貌蕨类植物区系和花岗岩地貌蕨类植物区系之间的过渡性特点。建议将垫状卷柏(Selaginella pulvinata)、福建观音座莲(Angiopterisfokiensis)、仙霞铁线蕨、骨碎补铁角蕨、鞭叶蕨(Cyrtomidictyum lepidocaulon)、无盖耳蕨等种类列为丹霞地貌蕨类植物中的优先保护种类,将通道万佛山三十六湾、湖南沅陵夸父山列为丹霞地貌蕨类植物的优先保护地区。     

岩蕨科、球盖蕨科的系统位置：叶绿体DNAtrnL-F区序列证据

岩蕨科(Woodsiaceae)和球盖蕨科(Peranemaceae)历来被多数学者认为是亲缘关系密切的两个科,它们的系统位置一直存在争议,两科曾被放入三叉蕨科(Aspidiaceae)、碗蕨科(Dennstaedtiaceae)、鳞毛蕨亚科(Dryopteridoidaae)及鳞毛蕨科(Dryopteriaceae)蹄盖蕨亚科(Athyrioideae)中。根据岩蕨科1种、球盖蕨科3种、蹄盖蕨科8种、鳞毛蕨科2种及1种外类群假大羽铁角蕨(Asplenium pseudolaserpitiifolium)的cpDNA基因trnL-F区序列建立的系统树,结果显示,岩蕨科和球盖蕨科的亲缘关系较远,岩蕨科与蹄盖蕨科有密切的亲缘关系,球盖蕨科与鳞毛蕨科亲缘关系较近,岩蕨科和球盖蕨科是处于不同进化线上的植物。秦仁昌（1978）和Pichi-Sermolii（1977）的系统将二者分别作为独立的科是合适的。     

国产蹄盖蕨属软刺蹄盖蕨组植物的研究

作者对国产蹄盖蕨属软刺蹄盖蕨组植物从形态分类和地理分布上进行了研究,共计载了23种。其中Athyrium densisorum,A.medogense和A.chingianum为新种,A.paranigripes为一新名称。文中还附有分类检索表,每种都有文献、异名和标本引证及地理分布。     

A Classification Synopsis of the Genus Dryopteris from Yunnan

The genus Dryopteris of the Dryopteridaceae is one of the largest genera in pteridophytes, which contains about 300 species and is distributed throughout the world. There are about 200 species of this genus in China, of which at least 88 are present in Yunnan. In this paper, the author presents a classification synopsis of the genus Dryopteris. Subg. I Pycnopteris (T. Moore )Ching 1 species Subg. II. Dryopteris Sect. 1. Hirtipedes Fraser-Jenkins 19 species Sect. 2. Pandae Fraser-Jenkins 1 species Sect. 3. Fibrillosae Ching 18 species Sect. 4. Chrysocomae S. G. Lu 7 species Sect. 5. Caespitosae S.G.Lu 5 species Sect. 6. Pallidae Fraser- Jenkins 10 species Sect. 7. Marginatae Fraser-Jenkins 7 species Sect. 8. Splendentes Fraser- Jenkins 2 species Sect. 9. Purpurascentes Fraser- Jenkins 1 species Sect. 10. Nephrocystis H. I tô 3 species Subg. llI. Erythrovariae (H. I tô ) Fraser-Jenkins, emend. S.G. Lu Sect. 11. Erythrovariae 11 species Sect. 12. Variae Fraser- Jenkins 3 species A key to these groups is given and all the species are enumerated in the pres- ent paper.     

蹄盖蕨科的亚科划分

蹄盖蕨科的建立对蕨类植物的分类起了很大的推动作用,然而,即使按秦仁昌的狭义概念,它仍然是一个极其复杂的大科。自秦仁昌把该科划分为21个属以后,属级水平上的分类问题比较清楚了,但亚科、亚属和组的划分至今仍不成功。本文主要根据该科三个染色体基数X=42、41和40,结合孢子囊群着生的位置及其它形态特征,将其划分为3个亚科：冷蕨亚科、蹄盖蕨亚科和双盖蕨亚科。     

A quantitative comparison of foliage development among allopatric ferns,Dryopteris crassirhizoma,D. coreano-montana andD. filix-mas

A quantitative comparison was conducted on the foliage development during sporophyte development of three allopatric ferns in cool temperate and subalpine regions of Hokkaido and Tirol, European Alps. The foliage development ofDryopteris crassirhizoma, D. coreano-montana andD. filix-mas was quantitatively described by the leaf development (NV, number of veins); NV correlates the leaf-shape complexity from a circle (DI, L/2(3.14×S)^1/2). Nearly similar patterns were detected on frequency distribution of fertile leaves, fertility increase and number of leaves in threeDryopteris ferns which exhibit funnel-shaped foliage arrangements in mature sporophyte. No difference was found in number of leaves, maximum NV, fertility rate and leaf-shape parameters among three ferns. A positive difference was found only on changes in order of pinnae with maximum number of costa branches (NVP) and the DI of outline of pinnae betweenD. crassirhizoma andD. filix-mas. These allopatricDryopteris ferns seem to have a similar foliage structure, in spite of some sympatricDryopteris ferns capable of producing putative hybrids (D. austriaca andD. amurensis; D. tokyoensis andD. monticola) having different foliage structures in Hokkaido. Contribution No. 3346 from the Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University.     

新蹄盖蕨--一个细齿角蕨的不必要组合

新蹄盖蕨具有长而横卧的根状茎,其叶轴、羽轴及小羽轴下面被有单细胞短毛及多细胞长毛,孢子囊群裸露、椭圆形或圆形,以及孢子周壁表面具褶皱状突起等特征与角蕨属植物相似;叶绿体DNA trnL-F区序列和rbcL序列分析结果均显示新蹄盖蕨与角蕨属成员的亲缘关系密切;新蹄盖蕨与角蕨属的染色体数目也相同。所有形态特征、细胞学及分子学资料均表明新蹄盖蕨属不成立,该种植物属于角蕨属,应恢复其名称“细齿角蕨”。     

Some New Records of Ferns from Vietnam ( 2)

Nine species of ferns are reported for the first time from Vietnam: Cyrtomium pachyp hyllum ( Rosenst. ) C. Chr. , C1 shingianum H. S. Kung et P. S. Wang, Dryopteri bodinieri ( Christ) C. Chr. , D1 gymnosora (Makino) C. Chr. , Teratop hyllum aculeatum ( Bl. ) Mett. ex Kuhn, Elaphoglossunm sinii C. Chr. ex Wu, Tectaria herpetocaulos Holtt. , T1 hokouensis Ching et C. H. Wang, Boniniella cardiophylla ( Hance) Tagawa, distributions are discussed.