新疆狭蚌虫属一新种(介甲目:狭蚌虫科)

狭蚌虫属Leptestheria Sars,1898是生活在淡水中的低等甲壳动物。该属迄今共报道了25种2亚种,即1.Leptestheria dahalacensis(Rüppell),1837伊朗;2.L.macgillivrayi Baird, 1862南非;3.L.rubidgei(Baird),1862南非;4.L.compleximana(Packard),1877美国;5.L.mayeti Simon,1886北非;6.L.siliqua Sars,1898东非;7.L.tenuis Sars,1901中国;8.L.giganiea Wolf,1911 非洲;9.L.rotundirostris Daday,1913伊朗;10.L.lybica Colosi,1920欧洲;11.L.aegyptiace Daday,1923北非;12.L.braueri Daday,1923非洲;13.L.cortieri Daday,1923北非;14.L.     

Experimental investigation of X-ray lasing in a capillary argon discharge

Results are presented from experiments on the laser generation of X-ray radiation at the wavelength λ=469 ? (ε=26.4 eV) on the 3p(J=0)−3s(J=1) transition of Ne-like Ar ions. Experiments were carried out on the SIGNAL electrophysical facility with a 3.1-mm-diameter 157-mm-long Al₂O₃ ceramic capillary filled with argon at a pressure of 0.2–1.0 Torr. The discharge current amplitude was I ∼ 25–40 kA, the current rise rate being dI/dt ∼ 10¹² A/s. By a vacuum X-ray diode tuned to detect X-ray photons with energies in the range 10–40 eV, laser pulses with a duration of t ₁ ∼ 1 ns and maximum energy of E _1,max ∼ 1 μJ were recorded. The pulses were generated 35 ns after the discharge current was switched on. The line spectra in the wavelength range of 150–500 ? showed the bright λ=469 ? line. The angular divergence of the generated X-ray laser beam was estimated to be Δϑ ∼ 2 mrad. Original Russian Text ? O.N. Gilev, V.I. Afonin, V.I. Ostashev, V.Yu. Politov, A.M. Gafarov, A.L. Zapysov, A.V. Andriyash, é.P. Magda, L.N. Shamraev, A.A. Safronov, A.V. Komissarov, N.A. Khavronin, N.A. Pkhaĭko, L.V. Antonova, L.N. Shushlebin, 2006, published in Fizika Plazmy, 2006, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 160–165.     

河南玉兰属两新变种

发表河南玉兰属两新变种,即：①狭被望春玉兰(Yulania biondii (Pamp.) D. L. Fu var. angustitepala D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et D. W. Zhao,var. nov.);②椭圆叶罗田玉兰(Y. pilocarpa (Z. Z. Zhao et Z. W. Xie) D. L. Fu var. ellipticifolia D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et J. Zhao,var. nov.)。     

广西楼梯草属五新种

描述了在中国广西发现的楼梯草属五新种:小果楼梯草(Elatostema microcarpum W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)在体态方面与荔波楼梯草(E. liboense W. T. Wang)极为相似,但茎较低矮,不具软鳞片,叶上面无毛,钟乳体较小而可区别。圆序楼梯草(E. gyrocephalum W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)在体态上与浅齿楼梯草(E. crenatum W. T. Wang)相似,但叶两面均有糙伏毛,侧脉较少,4～6对,钟乳体较小,长约0.1 mm而不同。对序楼梯草(E. binatum W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)在亲缘关系方面与深绿楼梯草(E. atroviride W. T. Wang)相近,但茎和叶无毛,雄花序托较小,近方形,长度及宽度约6.5 mm,小苞片较小,长约1.5 mm,无毛,可以区别。河池楼梯草(E. hechiense W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)似华南楼梯草(E. balansae Gagnep.)但叶的渐尖头全缘,钟乳体较小,长0.1～0.15 mm,雌花序苞片顶端无角状突起,可以区别。环江楼梯草(E. huanjiangense W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)可能与樟叶楼梯草(E. petelotii Gagnep.)有亲缘关系,但后者的叶全缘,钟乳体较大,长0.3～0.7 mm,侧脉在狭侧3条,在宽侧4条,雌花序常有长花序梗,而与本种相区别。     

野生植物根围的丛枝菌根真菌II.

本文主要报道了野生植物根围Glomus属的17个种,聚球囊霉G. aggregatumSchenck & Smith,苏格兰球囊霉G. caledonium (Nicol. & Gerd.) Trappe & Gerd,近明球囊霉G. claroideum Schenck & Smith,明球囊霉G. clarum Nicolson & Schenck,缩球囊霉G. constrictum Trappe,透光球囊霉G. diaphanum Morton,幼套球囊霉G. etunicatumBecker & Gerdemann,集球囊霉G. fasciculatum (Thaxter) Gerd. & Trappe,何氏球囊霉G.hoi Berch & Trappe,地球囊霉G. geosporum (Nicol. & Gerd.) Warker,根内球囊霉G.intraradices Schenck & Smith,摩西球囊霉G. mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe,隐球囊霉G. occultum Walker,网状球囊霉G. reticulatum Bhattcharjee & Mukerji,地表球囊霉G. versiforme (Karsten) Berch,台湾球囊霉G. formosanum Wu & Chen,悬钩子球囊霉G. rubiforme Gerdemann & Trappe) Almeida & Schenck;内养囊霉属1个种,稀有内养囊霉Entrophospora infrequens (Hall) Ames & Schenider.其中,网状球囊霉为我国新记录种.     

Synthesis and biological activity of aryl S-β-glycosides of 1-thio-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine

Phenyl, p-tolyl, and p-tert-butylphenyl β-1-thio-N-acetylglucosaminides were synthesized by the treatment of thiophenols with peracetate of α-D-glucosaminyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine or under the conditions of phase-transfer catalysis with quaternary ammonium salts. The compounds synthesized were used for obtaining of glycosides of 4,6-O-isopropylidene-N-acetylmuramic acid, which were coupled with L-Ala-D-Glu(NH₂)-OBzl and then deprotected to obtain the target aryl β-thioglycosides of N-acetylmuramyl-L-analyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP). The aryl β-thioglycosides of MDP were found to stimulate an antibacterial resistance toward Staphylococcus aureus in mice. The reliable induction of the spontaneous activity of natural killers in the population of blood mononuclear cells was observed only for phenyl β-thio-MDP at a dose of 200 μg/ml. Original Russian Text ? A.E. Zemlyakov, V.N. Tsikalova, L.R. Azizova, V.Ya. Chirva, E.L. Mulik, M.V. Shkalev, O.V. Kalyuzhin, M.V. Kiselevsky, 2008, published in Bioorganicheskaya Khimiya, 2008, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 245–251.     

中国蓼属春蓼组植物果实形态及果皮微形态的研究

应用解剖镜和扫描电镜对中国产蓼属春蓼组（Polygonum sect. Persicaria）19种3变种植物的果实形态和果皮微形态特征进行了观察和研究。结果表明,蓼属春蓼组植物的果实形态为卵形或椭圆状卵形,具三棱、双凹或双凸,顶端渐狭,有喙或无喙;果皮微形态可分为7种类型： 洼点、浅洼点,脑纹状纹饰,拟脑纹状纹饰,网状纹饰,不规则褶皱,不规则小疣状颗粒以及密浅网状纹饰。观察结果支持将绵毛酸模叶蓼（P. lapathifolium L. var. salicifolium Sibth.）合并到酸模叶蓼（P. lapathifolium L.）,做为酸模叶蓼的异名处理;支持将长鬃蓼（P. longisetum De Br.）作为丛枝蓼（P. posumbu Buch. Ham. ex D.Don）的变种处理的意见;认为密毛酸模叶蓼（P. lapathifolium L. var. lanatum (Roxb.) Stew.）应恢复种级,圆基长鬃蓼（P. longisetum De Br. var. rotunatum A.J.Li）应升为种级;支持平武蓼（Polygonum pingwuense F. Z. Li et Y. T. Hou et S. J. Fan, sp. nov.）新种的成立。     

拟单性木兰属（木兰科）植物的分类学修订

根据标本研究和野外调查,对木兰科(Magnoliaceae)的拟单性木兰属(Parakmeria Hu &; Cheng)进行了分类学修订。回顾了此属的分类学简史,阐述了保留拟单性木兰属的理由,将Magnolia Linn. subgenus Gynopodium Figlar &; Noot. section Gynopodium 作为拟单性木兰属的新异名,将Magnolia yunnanensis (Hu) Noot. 和M. nitida W. W. Smith var. robusta B. L. Chen &; Noot.作为云南拟单性木兰(Parakmeria yunnanensis Hu)的新异名,将Magnolia omeiensis (Cheng) Dandy、M. lotungensis Chun &; C. H. Tsoong、M. nitida W. W. Smith var. lotungensis (Chun &; C. H. Tsoong) B. L. Chen &; Noot. 和Parakmeria lotungensis (Chun &; C. H. Tsoong) Law作为峨眉拟单性木兰(Parakmeria omeiensis Cheng)的新异名,确认拟单性木兰属含４种植物,列出了分种检索表,描述了各种的地理分布和生长环境。     

《分子生物学实验室传真》

《分子生物学实验室传真》(Molecular biology lab Fax)由T.A.Brown编著,1991年,BIOS Scientific Publisher出版,332页。该书有以下章节:1.细菌与噬菌体;2.化学品和试剂;3.放射化学品;4.限制和甲基化;5.DNA和RNA修饰酶;6.克隆载体;7.基因组和基因;8.电泳;9.杂交分析;10.离心法;     

一些孟加拉当地产水果的抗氧化活性

研究了A. heterophyllus, A. squamosa, T. bellirica, S. samarangense, A. carambola and O. europa 水果的抗氧化活性。首先将这些成熟的水果切成小片,然后用日光晒干,最后用研磨器磨成粉末。这些水果粉末用99.99%的乙醇进行乙醇提取。这些提取物的活性通过其清除稳定的1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)自由基的能力进行测定。实验结果表明,所有A. heterophyllus, A. squamosa, T. bellirica, S. samarangense, A. carambola and O. europa这些水果的乙醇提取物都具有抗氧化活性,这些水果的乙醇提取物的的IC₅₀值分别是410, 250, 34, 200, 30 和76μg/mL。其中A. carambola具有最高的抗氧化活性,其次是T. bellirica, O. europa, S. samarangense, A. squamosa 和 A. heterophyllus 。结果表明A. carambola, T. bellirica 和 O. europa对人体健康是非常有益的。