植物栽培区划的模糊数学模型－－以油橄榄（Olea europaea L.）为例

本文根据植物引种栽培工作的特点与经验,提出了一个多层次结构综合评判的模糊数学模型。以油橄榄为例,运用该模型计算结果作出了湖北省油橄榄宜林地区划图。对于不同植物,只需要修改其中评判因素及权重分配值进行计算。我们认为,模糊数学的综合评判方法为植物引种栽培区域的选择提供了一种有效的工具。     

NEWER METHODS FOR SELECTION OF PATIENTS FOR LUMBAR SYMPATHECTOMY

The degree of vasodilatation achieved by various diagnostic methods (arterial occlusion, ganglionic block established by certain agents, lumbar sympathetic block, spinal anesthesia, and indirect heating) was studied by means of the pneumo-plethysmogram as well as through readings of skin temperature and skin resistance. The data obtained were interpreted as to their value in determining the type of patient with vascular disease for whom lumbar sympathectomy would be of noticeable benefit. Arterial occlusion proved itself a rapid and simple method which in most patients produced satisfactory results. As a rule, lumbar sympathectomy was effective in patients who preoperatively had shown a positive response upon release of arterial occlusion. A negative response, that is, absence of significant increase in blood flow, does not necessarily indicate organic disease, and cannot be taken to mean that lumbar sympathectomy would always be ineffective. Ganglionic block, using 2.6 dimethyl piperidinium bromide or tetraethylammonium ion, was generally less reliable in indicating the probable results of sympathectomy than lumbar sympathetic block or indirect heating. Lumbar sympathetic block with procaine was followed by a greater increase in skin temperature and blood flow than spinal anesthesia, and permitted far more accurate conclusions as to the probable outcome of sympathectomy. Subsequent to indirect heating the plethysmogram showed characteristic differences depending on the degree of vascular disease present. From the effect of this simple, safe and painless method upon the relative blood flow to the toe it becomes possible to arrive at a comparatively accurate estimate of the clinical benefit to be expected from lumbar sympathectomy.     

烘烤罗汉果的适宜温度探讨

为了保证罗汉果的质量,我们对烘烤罗汉果的适宜温度进行了探讨,实验结果表明,用50—75℃温度进行加工,罗汉果的质量比较好。     

RESPECT FOR PERSONS PERMITS PRIORITIZING TREATMENT FOR HIV/AIDS

I defend a certain claim about rationing in the context of HIV/AIDS, namely, the 'priority thesis' that the state of a developing country with a high rate of HIV should provide highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) to those who would die without it, even if doing so would require not treating most other life-threatening diseases. More specifically, I defend the priority thesis in a negative way, by refuting two influential and important arguments against it inspired by the Kantian principle of respect for persons. The 'equality argument' more or less maintains that prioritizing treatment for HIV/AIDS would objectionably treat those who suffer from it as more important than those who do not. The 'responsibility argument' says, roughly, that to ration life-saving treatment by prioritizing those with HIV would wrongly fail to hold people responsible for their actions, since most people infected with HIV could have avoided the foreseeable harm of infection. While it appears that a Kantian must think that one of these two arguments is sound, I maintain that, in fact, respect for persons grounds neither the equality nor responsibility argument against prioritizing HAART and hence at least permits doing so. If this negative defence of the priority thesis succeeds, then conceptual space is opened up for the possibility that respect for persons requires prioritizing HAART, which argument I sketch in the conclusion as something to articulate and defend in future work.     

NONPARAMETRIC MODELS FOR DISCRIMINATION METHODS AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS FOR TRIADS

Nonparametric models for sensory discrimination methods are developed. In these models, the relationship between the probability of a correct response, P_c, and the measures for sensory discriminability or sensory difference, p₁ and p₂ are given. On the basis of the models, different sensitivities for triadic tests were compared including 3-AFC and triangle methods with the strong stimulus as the odd sample and with the weak stimulus as the odd sample. Predictions were made which can be tested experimentally.     

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS

正TYPES OF ARTICLES1.Research articles Research articles belong to the full length article type,and should include elements as follows:title,running title,and byline;correspondent footnote;abstract and keywords;introduction;materials and methods;     

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS

正TYPES OF ARTICLES 1. Research articles Research articles belong to the full length article type, and should include elements as follows:title, running title, and byline; correspondent footnote; abstract and keywords; introduction; materials and methods;results; discussion; acknowledgements; compliance; author contributions; references; figure legends and figures/tables. The article length