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糖组学研究策略及前沿技术研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
糖组学是继基因组学和蛋白质组学后的新兴研究领域,主要研究聚糖结构与功能.通过与蛋白质组数据库结合,糖捕捉法能系统鉴定糖蛋白和糖基化位点.糖微阵列技术可以对生物个体产生的全部蛋白聚糖结构进行鉴定与表征,提高了聚糖分析通量.而化学选择糖印迹技术简化了聚糖纯化步骤并提高了糖基化分析的灵敏度.双消化并串联柱法通过双酶消化双柱分离,在分析聚糖结构的同时也鉴定蛋白质的序列,并与蛋白质组学研究兼容. 相似文献
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糖生物信息学是在糖生物学和糖组学发展的基础上,结合计算机技术,对生命活动过程中,参与糖链及与其相互作用的蛋白质等分子研究所产生的数据进行获取、储存、解析、模拟以及预测等内容的综合学科.糖生物信息学数据库是糖生物信息学发展到一定阶段,对糖组学等研究中产生的数据进行专门储藏与查询的应用工具.目前国际互联网中存在近百个糖生物信息学相关数据库,涉及内容包括糖链结构、参与糖链合成的基因或者蛋白质、糖结合蛋白、代谢通路、糖链或相互作用蛋白质等分子三维结构,或糖组学实验结果等领域.本文将归纳总结糖生物信息学数据库,为现有研究提供帮助. 相似文献
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半夏凝集素的糖结合活性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
半夏凝集素可与甘露聚糖结合。本文以PTL与^125I标记的甘露聚糖的结合活性为指标,观察了一些金属离子对PTL的糖结合活性的影响,并对PTL的糖结合专一性作了较系统的研究。结果表明常见的金属离子或EDTA对其糖结合活性无显著影响,但K^+可明显增加PTL的糖结合活性。大多数单糖,二糖不抑制PTL与甘露聚糖的结合,但一些疏水配基形成的糖苷可产生显著的抑制效应。PTL专一与高甘露糖型糖链结合。 相似文献
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细胞膜表面糖复合物的糖链结构与肿瘤细胞增殖、侵染、转移等发展过程密切相关.凝集素芯片技术的出现实现了对癌症的糖组进行快速、高通量的检测.通过模式细胞系PANC-1证明了构建的凝集素芯片体系的准确性、重复性、特异性,应用这一芯片体系初步检测了几种癌细胞系(HT-29、SGC-7901、BEL-7402、H460)的膜表面糖链表达.这几种癌细胞系表面都有唾液酸、乙酰葡萄糖/葡萄糖、乙酰半乳糖/半乳糖、甘露糖等糖链.根据实验结果,推测它们的细胞膜表面α1-6岩藻糖链表达水平可能较高,而α1-3岩藻糖链表达水平较低;这些聚糖可能是癌症潜在的标志物.凝集素芯片有助于推动癌细胞膜表面糖链的快速分析和筛选出癌症相关的糖链标志物. 相似文献
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糖芯片是生物芯片的一种,是继基因芯片、蛋白质芯片、组织芯片等之后发展起来的一种很有前景的生物检测技术。随着糖生物学和糖组学的研究进展,糖芯片正逐步发展为该领域的新型研究手段。介绍了糖芯片技术及其制作方法,高通量分析平台以及糖芯片在生物学研究和医学领域的具体应用,同时也对糖芯片技术的发展进行了展望。 相似文献
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糖组学:破解生命信息的第3种途径 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
糖组学是随着糖生物学而兴起的研究糖链的表达、调控和生理功能的科学。糖链由于结构的多样性和复杂性而成为细胞的信息分子,是生物体基因组信息的延续,因此糖组学研究是后基因组时代阐明基因功能的必由之路。糖组学的内容主要包括对糖链的结构研究和在细胞信号传递、细胞识别方面的功能分析,以及通过糖蛋白组建糖组学数据库,从而建立起一套从基因组蛋白组到糖组的研究体系,对糖链的生物学功能的认识将有助于基因组学和蛋白质组学的研究。 相似文献
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Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis
It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
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肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV
RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV
RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV
RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV
X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV
C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细 相似文献
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H.-R. GREGORIUS 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1984,23(2-3):157-165
For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献