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1.
利用改良FIASCO法(Fast Isolation by AFLP Sequences COntaining repeats)开发出的9对多态性SSR引物评价了薇菜(Osmunda japonica Thunb.)2个野生居群(庐山和恩施)、1个栽培居群(恩施)的遗传多样性和遗传分化水平。结果显示,9个SSR标记在3个薇菜居群中共检测到47个等位基因,每个SSR位点的平均等位基因数为5.222个,观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.000~0.944和0.577~0.834,香农指数为0.962~1.860,表明各SSR位点多态性较高;各居群的平均期望杂合度均大于平均观测杂合度且种内近交系数均为正值,说明3个薇菜居群中都存在非随机交配现象;对各居群的相关遗传多样性参数分析表明,恩施野生居群遗传多样性最高,而其栽培居群最低;庐山野生居群与恩施野生居群间遗传分化系数为0.092,说明两地野生薇菜居群的遗传分化程度较低,AMOVA分析也表明遗传变异主要存在于野生居群内部。 相似文献
2.
本研究利用20对微卫星引物对鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)原种群体和养殖群体进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,在鳜原种群体中检测到多态性位点14个,养殖群体11个。在两个群体中共检测到等位基因数96个,其中原种群体检测到等位基因数53个,每个位点的等位基因数在1~7之间,平均有效等位基因数为2.7390;养殖群体检测到等位基因数43个,每个位点的等位基因数在1~6之间,平均有效等位基因数为2.1284。原种群体的平均观察杂合度0.5708,Nei氏期望杂合度0.5295,平均多态信息含量PIC0.5353;养殖群体的平均观察杂合度0.3839,Nei氏期望杂合度0.4011,平均多态信息含量PIC0.5043。因此,与养殖群体相比,鳜原种群体仍有丰富的遗传多样性。本研究可为鳜种质资源的保护、监测和遗传育种提供分子水平上的数据。 相似文献
3.
三个野生群体日本囊对虾遗传多样性的SSR分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解野生种群日本囊对虾遗传分化和改良遗传育种,用SSR技术对福建厦门(XM)、广东湛江(ZJ)、广西北海(BH)3个地区野生日本囊对虾进行遗传多样性的研究。采用了10对微卫星引物对3个野生种群进行分析,10个微卫星位点在3个种群中均表现为高度的多态性,每个位点平均检测到3.87个等位基因;平均多态信息含量为0.5893;3个群体的观测杂合度分别为0.6243、0.5704、0.4661,全部群体观测杂合度平均为0.5536;期望杂合度分别为0.7193、0.6189、0.6226,全部群体平均期望杂合度为0.6536。这说明3个野生种群在10个微卫星位点上均具有丰富的遗传多样性。基于Nei's遗传距离的聚类分析显示厦门群体和湛江群体的遗传距离较近。 相似文献
4.
异型花是青藏高原特有的一年生草本植物。为了更好地利用和保护这一重要的植物资源,本研究开发了异型花的多态性微卫星标记。首先,基于限制性位点相关DNA测序(RAD-seq)技术,开发了异型花14个多态性微卫星位点和2个单态性微卫星位点的引物;随后,对异型花的3个自然居群的57个个体的14个位点进行了分析。结果显示:14个位点观察到的等位基因数为4~7个,平均为5.071个;期望杂合度范围为0.003~0.312 (平均值为0.194),而观测杂合度范围为0~0.281 (平均值为0.047)。其中,仅有3对引物在龙胆科的椭圆叶花锚中具有通用性。本研究开发的多态标记对研究异型花种群结构和遗传多样性具有重要意义。 相似文献
5.
长江中上游两个鲢群体遗传变异的微卫星分析 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
对长江中上游2个鲢群体使用39个微卫星标记进行了遗传多样性分析, 计算并统计了平均观测等位基因数、平均有效等位基因数、多态信息含量、遗传杂合度、Hardy-Weinberg平衡偏离指数、遗传相似系数、遗传距离等遗传参数。结果表明: 万州鲢和监利鲢群体所检测微卫星位点的平均观测等位基因数分别为6.128和4.974; 平均有效等位基因数分别为4.107和3.395; 多态位点百分率分别为100和94.87; 39个微卫星标记共有等位基因259个, 173个等位基因为两群体所共有; 多态微卫星位点的PIC在0.077~0.865之间变动,平均为0.617; 两群体所检测位点平均观测杂合度为0.834和0.775, 平均期望杂合度为0.713和0.623; 两个群体间的遗传相似系数为0.618, 群体间的遗传距离为0.482。结果显示长江中上游两个鲢群体间存在显著遗传分化, 应隶属于不同的种群。 相似文献
6.
白条草蜥(Takydromus wolteri)是一种年产多窝卵的蜥蜴。为了对其婚配制度、同一雌性个体所产卵的窝内和窝间的父权状况、种群的遗传结构和物种的进化历史等研究内容进行探讨,本研究筛选出白条草蜥的9个具有高度多态性的微卫星位点。微卫星位点筛选自包含(AC)n和(ATAG)n重复片度的微卫星富集文库。在白条草蜥安徽滁州种群的16~32个个体中对上述位点进行检测后发现,上述座位的等位基因数目范围为12~20个,期望杂合度范围为0.894~0.955,观测杂合度范围0.565~0.938,表明这些微卫星标记具有良好的遗传多样性,它们将在白条草蜥的种群遗传结构、基因流水平、种群分化和婚配制度的研究中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
7.
南天竹(Nandina domestica)是一种具有较高观赏价值的常绿灌木。本研究从南天竹基因组中开发和筛选出10个微卫星位点,能在该物种中进行稳定PCR扩增且具一定的多态性。采用4个南天竹群体24个个体进行检测发现,每个位点的等位基因数为2~6,期望杂合度和表观杂合度分别为0.153~0.778和0~1。本研究结果为后续对南天竹遗传多样性的研究打下了基础。另外,这10个位点在小檗科4个其他物种中也有一定的通用性。 相似文献
8.
近缘种扩增法对黑叶猴微卫星位点的筛选及特征分析(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
微卫星位点近缘种筛选法使得在探讨各种灵长类种群遗传结构和生殖策略上更加便捷。我们利用138条人类微卫星引物在黑叶猴中进行筛选,得到了23个具有多态性位点。在28个检测个体中,每个位点的等位基因数为3到9个,期望杂合度为0.62,观测杂合度为0.50,其中有7个位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,9个位点存在无效等位基因现象。但是各位点之间均未检测到连锁不平衡现象。这些位点将在黑叶猴种群遗传结构的研究中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
9.
爆杖花(Rhododendron spinuliferum)是中国西南地区特有的观赏和药用植物。为了研究爆杖花和碎米花之间的杂交物种形成过程,本研究利用FIASCO方法对爆杖花进行微卫星引物开发,从100对引物中筛选出28个微卫星标记,其中22个为多态。利用爆杖花两个居群共24个个体对22个多态性位点进行分析,结果显示:每个位点具有2~5个等位基因,平均为3.4个,其观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.083~0.792和0.153~0.744。对筛出的28个微卫星标记在碎米花的两个自然居群中也做了检测,结果显示:有22个微卫星标记成功扩增,其中20个有多态性;每个多态位点有2。6个等位基因,平均为3.2个,其观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.000~0.833和0.117~0.736。开发的微卫星标记可用于爆杖花及其近缘物种的居群遗传学分析和杂交物种形成研究。 相似文献
10.
实验兔三个封闭群微卫星DNA多态性遗传分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 对日本大耳白兔、青紫蓝兔、新西兰兔三个封闭群体开展群体遗传学分析.方法 利用10个微卫星位点,进行Hardy-Weinberg平衡(HWE)检验,统计三个种群的基因频率、观测杂合度、期望杂合度、F值和遗传距离.结果 青紫蓝品种在12L1E11位点,新西兰品种在INRACCDDV0087位点与INRACCDDV0203位点,日本大耳白兔在Sat12位点与INRACCDDV0203,P<0.05,显著偏离HWE,多数表现为杂合子缺陷;三个群体在Sat13、So144、6L1F10、7L1F1、12L4A1、INRACCDDV0016点上均符合HWE;各位点平均等位基因数5.9,种群整体基因频率差别较大,其范围为0 -0.9060;三个种群的平均观测杂合度为0.6204,平均期望杂合度为0.6178;群体间分化系数(Fst)平均为0.0750,日本大耳白兔和青紫蓝兔遗传距离最近为0.1223,青紫蓝兔与新西兰兔遗传距离最远为0.1934.结论 三个种群的遗传结构均表现出遗传稳定性和均一性,在10个微卫星位点上呈现高度多态性,种群间遗传分化明显. 相似文献
11.
Dahai Gao Qian Wang Yuxia Wu Haiyan Xu Qiushi Yu Jianquan Liu 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(4):953-955
Thellungiella
salsuginea (Brassiaceae) is a typical halophyte which can tolerate extreme cold, drought, and salinity. In order to understand the adaptive
evolution of this species in the arid habitats, it is important to know its genetic structure. In this study, 17 polymorphic
microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from an enrichment genomic library of this species. We further assessed
the polymorphisms of each locus in 18 individuals from nine geographically distant populations. The number of alleles per
locus ranged from six to fourteen. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.17 to 0.28 and 0.32 to 0.45, respectively.
These markers have been crossly checked in another congeneric species, T. halophila. These microsatellite markers will be useful for investigating population genetics and adaptive evolution of this species
and morphological divergence between and it and the closely related species. 相似文献
12.
Shingo Kaneko Donald C. Franklin Nozomi Yamasaki Yuji Isagi 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(5):1311-1313
Bambusa arnhemica is a bamboo species endemic to northern Australia. We isolated and characterized nine microsatellite loci from this species.
The number of alleles ranged from 2 to 16 with an average of 6.8, and expected heterozygosities from 0.40 to 0.84 with an
average of 0.69. The markers described here will be useful to investigate clump structure, evolution of the bamboo flowering
wave, patterns of gene flow, and the biogeographic history of B. arnhemica in Australia. 相似文献
13.
植物形态结构是植物本身与外部环境共同作用的结果。为了分析木棉树形结构与叶性状的相关关系,探索地形、土壤和气象要素对木棉生长的影响,以及揭示木棉的生长策略和适应机制,该文以云南省西双版纳国家级自然保护区内230棵木棉为研究对象,测定6个树形结构指标,8个叶性状指标以及所在区域地形、气象、土壤养分等生境要素,使用结构方程模型和变差分解分析各生境要素对木棉树形结构和叶性状的影响和解释度。结果表明:(1)木棉树形结构各观测指标之间、叶性状各观测指标之间存在相关性(P<0.05)。(2)生境要素各观测指标对木棉生长具有较强影响,其中年均降雨量、坡度、平均温度对木棉生长指标的解释率较高,是影响木棉生长的主要生境指标。(3)从标准化路径系数看,3个生境要素对木棉树形结构和叶性状影响具有一致性,均表现为地形要素>气象要素>土壤要素。(4)3个生境要素叠加解释了树形结构和叶性状分别为43.5%和12.3%,表现出树形结构对生境环境的响应大于叶性状对环境响应的特点。研究结果初步探明了木棉不同生长指标对环境要素的适应策略,为木棉在异质生境的培育、繁殖以及木棉人工林高效经营等提供了理论依据和实践参考。 相似文献
14.
Changwei Shao Songlin Chen Genbo Xu Xiaolin Liao Yongsheng Tian 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(3):623-625
Chinese sea perch (Lateolabrax maculates) is one of the most important commercial species of mariculture in China. In this study, we constructed a repeat-enriched
genomic DNA library of L. maculates. Eighteen dinucleotide microsatellite markers were characterized by genotyping 32 samples. The number of alleles ranged from
three to nine, and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.4516 to 1.0000 and from 0.4045 to 0.8676, respectively.
Significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg expectations were detected at four loci and linkage disequilibrium between two
loci was significant after applying Bonferroni correction. The 18 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers should provide
sufficient level of genetic diversity to investigate the population structure and evaluate the breeding strategy in L. maculates. 相似文献
15.
Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from an AC-enriched genomic library of Akebia trifoliate ssp. australis. The number of allele per locus ranged from 3 to 14. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity at population
level were 0.196–1.000 and 0.522–0.902, respectively. In addition, this set of microsatellites produced robust cross-species
amplification in other two related taxa, suggesting these microsatellite markers should provide a useful tool for genetic
and conservation studies of the Akebia species. 相似文献
16.
A total of 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed and characterized for a Chinese medicinal plant, Epimedium brevicornum (Berberidaceae). A genomic DNA enrichment protocol was used to isolate microsatellite loci and polymorphism was explored
using 38 individuals from one natural population. The observed number of alleles ranged from 2–14. The ranges of observed
and expected heterozygosity were 0.00–0.83 and 0.15–0.88, respectively. In addition, successful cross-species amplification
of this set of microsatellite markers in other four medicinal Epimedium species suggested that they would provide a useful tool for the genetic and conservation studies of Epimedium species. 相似文献
17.
Changwei Shao Genbo Xu Lei Wang Xiaolin Liao Yongsheng Tian Songlin Chen 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(3):717-719
Given the ecological and commercial importance of the summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus), there is a surprising paucity of information on the molecular genetics of this species. Some studies published to date
are concentrated on the reproduction biology. To address this shortcoming, a microsatellite-enriched genomic DNA library of
P. dentatus was generated and screened by sequencing. Twelve dinucleotide microsatellite loci were characterized by genotyping 24 samples.
The observed number of alleles ranged from three to thirteen with an average of 8.25, while the effective number of alleles
ranged from 2.21 to 8.28 with an average of 5.06. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.0833 to 0.9583
and from 0.5594 to 0.8980, respectively. Significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg expectations were detected at three loci
and linkage disequilibrium between two loci was significant after applying Bonferroni correction. In cross-species amplification,
three species showed at least two polymorphic loci. The 12 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers represent a powerful
molecular tool, which will allow for detailed population genetic analyses on this important marine fish. 相似文献
18.
Stacey L. Lance Cris Hagen Travis C. Glenn Robb T. Brumfield Katherine Faust Stryjewski Gary R. Graves 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(4):1195-1198
We isolated and characterized 15 microsatellite loci from the endemic Jamaican streamertail hummingbird Trochilus polytmus. Loci were screened in 12 individuals of both T. polytmus and its sister species T. scitulus, also a Jamaican endemic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 10, observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 1,
and the probability of identity values ranged from 0.038 to 0.663. These new loci provide tools for characterizing the narrow
hybrid zone between the two species. 相似文献
19.
Schisandra sphenanthera (Schisandraceae) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. In this study, nine polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed
and characterized for the species. A genomic DNA enrichment protocol was used to isolate microsatellite loci and polymorphism
was explored using 36 individuals sampled from a natural population. The observed number of alleles ranged from 2 to 10 with
an average of 5.2. Expected and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.30 to 0.82 and 0.33 to 0.97, respectively. These microsatellites
have been directly applied to both population and conservation genetic studies of S. sphenanthera. 相似文献
20.
Echinops setifer is an endangered grassland plant species in Japan. We isolated and characterized nine microsatellite loci in this species.
The number of alleles ranged from 3 to 7 and expected heterozygosities from 0.108 to 0.761. These markers described here will
be useful for investigating the genetic diversity, genetic structure and gene flow, and planning for conservation of E. setifer. 相似文献